US4147645A
Expired / Lapsed
US
⏱️ 0.0 years remaining
Electrographic flash fusing toners
Assignee: Xerox Corp
•
Filing: 1977-12-23
•
Granted: 1979-04-03
•
Expires: 1997-12-23
Abstract
Abstract There is described an electrophotographic toner comprising a resin material and as an additive a sterically hindered phenol, that is a phenol that has its atoms arranged in a particular manner in a molecule and does not undergo an expected chemical reaction due to inhibition by particular atomic groupings. These phenols are effective as thermal stabilizers for toner resins in that they reduce the rate of thermal decomposition and/or act as plasticizers in that they lower the toner melt viscosities and fusing temperatures.
Inventors
- 👤 Chin H. Lu
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-11-05 04:35
CPC Classifications
G; G03; G03G; G03G9/00; G03G9/08; G03G9/097; G03G9/09733; G03G9/09775
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 20
Claim 1
Independent Claim
72 words
A toner composition for use in flash fusing electrophotographic imaging systems comprised of a resin and an additive of a sterically hindered phenol of the formula: ##STR3## wherein R 1 and R 2 are independently selected from the group consisting of aliphatic radicals, X is selected from the group consisting of hydrocarbons, carboxylic ester and phosphonate, phosphate, sulfate, sulfonate and nitrate radicals, and n is a number from 1 to about 4.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
72 words
A toner composition for use in flash fusing electrophotographic imaging systems comprised of a resin and an additive of a sterically hindered phenol of the formula: ##STR3## wherein R 1 and R 2 are independently selected from the group consisting of aliphatic radicals, X is selected from the group consisting of hydrocarbons, carboxylic ester and phosphonate, phosphate, sulfate, sulfonate and nitrate radicals, and n is a number from 1 to about 4.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
30 words
A toner in accordance with claim 1 wherein the aliphatic radical contains 1 to about 20 carbon atoms, and the hydrocarbon radical contains from 6 to about 14 carbon atoms.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
19 words
A toner in accordance with claim 1 wherein the aliphatic radical is methyl and the hydrocarbon radical is phenyl.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
14 words
A toner in accordance with claim 1 wherein the additive is O,O-di-n-ocatdecyl-3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxy benzyl phosphonate.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
14 words
A toner in accordance with claim 1 wherein the additive is tetrakis[methylene 3-(3',5'-di-t-butyl-4'-hydroxy phenyl)propionate]methane.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
13 words
A toner in accordance with claim 1 wherein the resin is styrene-n-butyl methacrylate.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
27 words
A toner in accordance with claim 1 wherein the amount of additive present is between about 0.5 percent and 20 percent based on the weight of toner.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
16 words
A toner in accordance with claim 1 wherein a carrier material is added to the composition.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
22 words
A toner in accordance with claim 8 wherein the carrier material is steel that is coated with a styrene methyl methacrylate copolymer.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
15 words
A toner in accordance with claim 8 wherein the additive is tetrakis[methylene 3-(3',5'-di-t-butyl-4' hydroxy phenyl)propionate]methane.
Claim 12
Independent Claim
91 words
A method of imaging comprising forming an electrostatic latent image contacting the image with a toner comprising an additive of a sterically hindered phenol of the formula: ##STR4## wherein R 1 and R 2 are independently selected from the group consisting of aliphatic radicals, X is selected from the group consisting of hydrocarbons, carboxylic ester and phosphonate, phosphate, sulfate, sulfonate and nitrate radicals and n is a number from 1 to about 4 and subsequently transferring the image to a substrate, followed by fixing said image using a flash fusing device.
Claim 13
Independent Claim
91 words
A method of imaging comprising forming an electrostatic latent image contacting the image with a toner comprising an additive of a sterically hindered phenol of the formula: ##STR4## wherein R 1 and R 2 are independently selected from the group consisting of aliphatic radicals, X is selected from the group consisting of hydrocarbons, carboxylic ester and phosphonate, phosphate, sulfate, sulfonate and nitrate radicals and n is a number from 1 to about 4 and subsequently transferring the image to a substrate, followed by fixing said image using a flash fusing device.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
30 words
A method in accordance with claim 11 wherein the aliphatic radical contains 1 to about 20 carbon atoms, and the hydrocarbon radical contains from 6 to about 14 carbon atoms.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
19 words
A method in accordance with claim 11 wherein the aliphatic radical is methyl and the hydrocarbon radical is phenyl.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
15 words
A method in accordance with claim 11 wherein the additive is O,O-di-n-ocatdecyl-3,5-di-tert-butyl-4 hydroxy benzyl phosphonate.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
14 words
A method in accordance with claim 11 wherein the additive is tetrakis[methylene 3-(3',5'-di-t-butyl-4'-hydroxy phenyl)propionate]methane.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
13 words
A method in accordance with claim 11 wherein the resin is styrene-n-butyl methacrylate.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
27 words
A method in accordance with claim 11 wherein the amount of additive present is between about 0.5 percent and 20 percent based on the weight of toner.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
34 words
A method in accordance with claim 11 wherein the sterically hindered phenol reduces the rate of thermal decomposition of the toner resin and lowers the toner melt viscosity and fusing temperature of the toner.
References Cited (Backward Citations)
USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1982-04-02 | 1982-10-02 | 1983-04-03 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1986-04-02 | 1986-10-02 | 1987-04-03 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1990-04-02 | 1990-10-02 | 1991-04-03 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |