US4147568A
Expired / Lapsed
US
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Copper-zinc-nickel-manganese alloys
Assignee: Institut Straumann AG
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Filing: 1977-07-15
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Granted: 1979-04-03
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Expires: 1997-07-15
Abstract
Abstract A tetragonal age-hardened copper-zinc-nickel-manganese alloy, which has good cold-working properties which enable it readily to be rolled, drawn and forged, is disclosed. The alloy, which can be used to stamp complicated parts such as escapement forks and pinions for clock work mechanisms, comprises 36 to 44% copper, 21 to 28% in toto of zinc with or without tin and/or indium, provided that tin and/or indium if present amount together to at most 10%, 18 to 25% in toto of nickel with or without cobalt, provided that cobalt if present amounts to at most 5%, 10 to 18% manganese, Up to 0.5% of at least one of beryllium and the rare-earth metals, provided that neither the beryllium content nor the rare-earth metals content exceeds 0.3%, Additives from the group lithium, magnesium, calcium and titanium, serving as de-oxidizing elements, and iron as the usual impurity.
Inventors
- 👤 Pierre Marechal
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-27 21:00
CPC Classifications
C; C22; C22C; C22C30/00; G; G04; G04B; G04B13/00; G04B13/02; G04B15/00; G04B15/14; G04B37/00; G04B37/22
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 28
Claim 1
Independent Claim
109 words
A tetragonal age-hardened copper-zinc-nickel manganese alloy consisting essentially of 36 to 44% copper, 21 to 28% in toto of zinc with or without tin and/or indium, provided that tin and/or indium if present amount together to at most 10%, 18 to 25% in toto of nickel with or without cobalt, provided that cobalt if present amounts to at most 5%, 10 to 18% managese, up to 0.5% of at least one of beryllium and the rare-earth metals, provided that neither the beryllium content nor the rare-earth metal content exceeds 0.3%, additives from the group lithium, magnesium, calcium and titanium, serving as de-oxidizing elements, and iron as the usual impurity.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
109 words
A tetragonal age-hardened copper-zinc-nickel manganese alloy consisting essentially of 36 to 44% copper, 21 to 28% in toto of zinc with or without tin and/or indium, provided that tin and/or indium if present amount together to at most 10%, 18 to 25% in toto of nickel with or without cobalt, provided that cobalt if present amounts to at most 5%, 10 to 18% managese, up to 0.5% of at least one of beryllium and the rare-earth metals, provided that neither the beryllium content nor the rare-earth metal content exceeds 0.3%, additives from the group lithium, magnesium, calcium and titanium, serving as de-oxidizing elements, and iron as the usual impurity.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
111 words
A watch component composed of a tetragonal age-hardened alloy consisting essentially of: 36 to 44% copper, 21 to 28% in toto of zinc with or without and/or indium, provided that tin and/or indium if present amount together to at most 10%, 18 to 25% in toto of nickel with or without cobalt, provided that cobalt if present amounts to at most 5%, 10 to 18% manganese up to 0.5% of at least one of beryllium and the rare-earth metals, provided that neither the beryllium content nor the rare-earth metals content exceeds 0.3%, additives from the group lithium, magnesium, calcium and titanium, serving as deoxidizing elements, and iron as the usual impurity.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
111 words
A watch component composed of a tetragonal age-hardened alloy consisting essentially of: 36 to 44% copper, 21 to 28% in toto of zinc with or without and/or indium, provided that tin and/or indium if present amount together to at most 10%, 18 to 25% in toto of nickel with or without cobalt, provided that cobalt if present amounts to at most 5%, 10 to 18% manganese up to 0.5% of at least one of beryllium and the rare-earth metals, provided that neither the beryllium content nor the rare-earth metals content exceeds 0.3%, additives from the group lithium, magnesium, calcium and titanium, serving as deoxidizing elements, and iron as the usual impurity.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
111 words
A spring composed of a tetragonal age-hardened alloy consisting essentially of: 36 to 44% copper, 21 to 28% in toto of zinc with or without tin and/or indium, provided that tin and/or indium if present amount together to at most 10%, 18 to 25% in toto of nickel with or without cobalt, provided that cobalt if present amounts to at most 5%, 10 to 18% manganese, up to 0.5% of at least one of beryllium and the rare-earth metals, provided that neither the beryllium content nor the rare-earth metals content exceeds 0.3%, additives from the group lithium, magnesium, calcium and titanium, serving as de-oxidizing elements, and iron as the usual impurity.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
111 words
A spring composed of a tetragonal age-hardened alloy consisting essentially of: 36 to 44% copper, 21 to 28% in toto of zinc with or without tin and/or indium, provided that tin and/or indium if present amount together to at most 10%, 18 to 25% in toto of nickel with or without cobalt, provided that cobalt if present amounts to at most 5%, 10 to 18% manganese, up to 0.5% of at least one of beryllium and the rare-earth metals, provided that neither the beryllium content nor the rare-earth metals content exceeds 0.3%, additives from the group lithium, magnesium, calcium and titanium, serving as de-oxidizing elements, and iron as the usual impurity.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
113 words
An electric contact part composed of a tetragonal age-hardened alloy consisting essentially of 36 to 44% copper, 21 to 28% in toto of zinc with or without tin and/or indium, provided that tin and/or indium if present amount together to at most 10%, 18 to 25% in toto of nickel with or without cobalt, provided that cobalt if present amounts to at most 5%, 10 to 18% manganese, up to 0.5% of at least one of beryllium and the rare-earth metals, provided that neither the beryllium content nor the rare-earth metals content exceeds 0.3%, additives from the group lithium, magnesium, calcium and titanium, serving as de-oxidizing elements, and iron as the usual impurity.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
113 words
An electric contact part composed of a tetragonal age-hardened alloy consisting essentially of 36 to 44% copper, 21 to 28% in toto of zinc with or without tin and/or indium, provided that tin and/or indium if present amount together to at most 10%, 18 to 25% in toto of nickel with or without cobalt, provided that cobalt if present amounts to at most 5%, 10 to 18% manganese, up to 0.5% of at least one of beryllium and the rare-earth metals, provided that neither the beryllium content nor the rare-earth metals content exceeds 0.3%, additives from the group lithium, magnesium, calcium and titanium, serving as de-oxidizing elements, and iron as the usual impurity.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
57 words
A watch component comprising a tetragonal age-hardened alloy consisting essentially of: 38 to 42% copper, 23 to 26.5% in toto of zinc with or without tin and/or indium, 19.5 to 22.5% in toto of nickel with or without cobalt, 12 to 16% manganese, and 0.05 to 0.4% of at least one of beryllium and the rare-earth metals.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
57 words
A watch component comprising a tetragonal age-hardened alloy consisting essentially of: 38 to 42% copper, 23 to 26.5% in toto of zinc with or without tin and/or indium, 19.5 to 22.5% in toto of nickel with or without cobalt, 12 to 16% manganese, and 0.05 to 0.4% of at least one of beryllium and the rare-earth metals.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
57 words
A spring composed of a tetragonal age-hardened alloy consisting essentially of: 38 to 42% copper, 23 to 26.5% in toto of zinc with or without tin and/or indium, 19.5 to 22.5% in toto of nickel with or without cobalt, 12 to 16% manganese, and 0.05 to 0.4% of at least one of beryllium and the rare-earth metals.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
57 words
A spring composed of a tetragonal age-hardened alloy consisting essentially of: 38 to 42% copper, 23 to 26.5% in toto of zinc with or without tin and/or indium, 19.5 to 22.5% in toto of nickel with or without cobalt, 12 to 16% manganese, and 0.05 to 0.4% of at least one of beryllium and the rare-earth metals.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
58 words
A electric contact part, comprising a tetragonal age-hardened alloy consisting essentially of 38 to 42% copper, 23 to 26.5% in toto of zinc with or within tin and/or indium, 19.5 to 22.5% in toto of nickel with or without cobalt, 12 to 16% manganese, and 0.05 to 0.4% of at least one of beryllium and the rare-earth metals.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
58 words
A electric contact part, comprising a tetragonal age-hardened alloy consisting essentially of 38 to 42% copper, 23 to 26.5% in toto of zinc with or within tin and/or indium, 19.5 to 22.5% in toto of nickel with or without cobalt, 12 to 16% manganese, and 0.05 to 0.4% of at least one of beryllium and the rare-earth metals.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
57 words
A watch component comprising a tetragonal age-hardened alloy consisting essentially of 24.8% in toto of zinc, with or without tin and/or indium, 21% in toto of nickel with or without cobalt, 14% manganese, and 0.2% of at least one of the beryllium and the rare-earth metals the balance other than the additives and the iron being copper.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
57 words
A watch component comprising a tetragonal age-hardened alloy consisting essentially of 24.8% in toto of zinc, with or without tin and/or indium, 21% in toto of nickel with or without cobalt, 14% manganese, and 0.2% of at least one of the beryllium and the rare-earth metals the balance other than the additives and the iron being copper.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
57 words
A spring composed of a tetragonal age-hardened alloy consisting essentially of: 24.8% in toto of zinc, with or without tin and/or indium, 21% in toto of nickel with or without cobalt, 14% manganese, and 0.2% of at least one of the beryllium and the rare-earth metals, the balance other than the additives and the iron being copper.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
57 words
A spring composed of a tetragonal age-hardened alloy consisting essentially of: 24.8% in toto of zinc, with or without tin and/or indium, 21% in toto of nickel with or without cobalt, 14% manganese, and 0.2% of at least one of the beryllium and the rare-earth metals, the balance other than the additives and the iron being copper.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
58 words
An electric contact part comprising a tetragonal age-hardened alloy consisting essentialy of: 24.8% in toto of zinc, with or without tin and/or indium, 21% in toto of nickel with or without cobalt, 14% manganese, and 0.2% of at least one of the beryllium and the rare-earth metals, the balance other than the additives and the iron being copper.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
58 words
An electric contact part comprising a tetragonal age-hardened alloy consisting essentialy of: 24.8% in toto of zinc, with or without tin and/or indium, 21% in toto of nickel with or without cobalt, 14% manganese, and 0.2% of at least one of the beryllium and the rare-earth metals, the balance other than the additives and the iron being copper.
Claim 21
Dependent Claim
56 words
An alloy as claimed in claim 1, consisting essentially of 38 to 42% copper, 23 to 26.5% in toto of zinc with or without tin and/or indium, 19.5 to 22.5% in toto of nickel with or without cobalt, 12 to 16% manganese, and 0.05 to 0.4% of at least one of beryllium and the rare-earth metals.
Claim 22
Dependent Claim
56 words
An alloy as claimed in claim 11, consisting essentially of 24.8% in toto of zinc, with or without tin and/or indium, 21% in toto of nickel with or without cobalt, 14% manganese, and 0.2% of at least one of the beryllium and the rare-earth metals, the balance other than the additives and the iron being copper.
Claim 23
Dependent Claim
112 words
A watch housing manufactured of a tetragonal age-hardened alloy consisting essentially of 36 to 44% copper, 21 to 28% in toto of zinc with or without tin and/or indium, provided that tin and/or indium if present amount together to at most 10%, 18 to 25% in toto of nickel with or without cobalt, provided that cobalt if present amounts to at most 5%, 10 to 18% manganese, up to 0.5% of at least one of beryllium and the rare-earth metals, provided that neither the beryllium content nor the rare-earth metals content exceeds 0.3%, additives from the group lithium, magnesium, calcium and titanium, serving as de-oxidizing elements, and iron as the usual impurity.
Claim 24
Dependent Claim
112 words
A watch housing manufactured of a tetragonal age-hardened alloy consisting essentially of 36 to 44% copper, 21 to 28% in toto of zinc with or without tin and/or indium, provided that tin and/or indium if present amount together to at most 10%, 18 to 25% in toto of nickel with or without cobalt, provided that cobalt if present amounts to at most 5%, 10 to 18% manganese, up to 0.5% of at least one of beryllium and the rare-earth metals, provided that neither the beryllium content nor the rare-earth metals content exceeds 0.3%, additives from the group lithium, magnesium, calcium and titanium, serving as de-oxidizing elements, and iron as the usual impurity.
Claim 25
Dependent Claim
113 words
A watch spur wheel manufactured of a tetragonal age-hardened alloy consisting essentially of 36 to 44% copper, 21 to 28% in toto of zinc with or without tin and/or indium, provided that tin and/or indium if present amount together to at most 10%, 18 to 25% in toto of nickel with or without cobalt, provided that cobalt if present amounts to at most 5%, 10 to 18% manganese, up to 0.5% of at least one of beryllium and the rare-earth metals, provided that neither the beryllium content nor the rare-earth metals content exceeds 0.3%, additives from the group lithium, magnesium, calcium and titanium, serving as de-oxidizing elements, and iron as the usual impurity.
Claim 26
Dependent Claim
113 words
A watch spur wheel manufactured of a tetragonal age-hardened alloy consisting essentially of 36 to 44% copper, 21 to 28% in toto of zinc with or without tin and/or indium, provided that tin and/or indium if present amount together to at most 10%, 18 to 25% in toto of nickel with or without cobalt, provided that cobalt if present amounts to at most 5%, 10 to 18% manganese, up to 0.5% of at least one of beryllium and the rare-earth metals, provided that neither the beryllium content nor the rare-earth metals content exceeds 0.3%, additives from the group lithium, magnesium, calcium and titanium, serving as de-oxidizing elements, and iron as the usual impurity.
Claim 27
Dependent Claim
113 words
A watch escapement fork manufactured of a tetragonal age-hardened alloy consisting essentially of 36 to 44% copper 21 to 28% in toto of zinc with or without tin and/or indium, provided that tin and/or indium if present amount together to at most 10%, 18 to 25% in toto of nickel with or without cobalt, provided that cobalt if present amounts to at most 5%, 10 to 18% manganese, up to 0.5% of at least one of beryllium and the rare-earth metals, provided that neither the beryllium content nor the rare-earth metals content exceeds 0.3%, additives from the group lithium, magnesium, calcium and titanium, serving as de-oxidizing elements, and iron as the usual impurity.
Claim 28
Dependent Claim
113 words
A watch escapement fork manufactured of a tetragonal age-hardened alloy consisting essentially of 36 to 44% copper 21 to 28% in toto of zinc with or without tin and/or indium, provided that tin and/or indium if present amount together to at most 10%, 18 to 25% in toto of nickel with or without cobalt, provided that cobalt if present amounts to at most 5%, 10 to 18% manganese, up to 0.5% of at least one of beryllium and the rare-earth metals, provided that neither the beryllium content nor the rare-earth metals content exceeds 0.3%, additives from the group lithium, magnesium, calcium and titanium, serving as de-oxidizing elements, and iron as the usual impurity.
References Cited (Backward Citations)
FR897484A
Cited
USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1982-04-02 | 1982-10-02 | 1983-04-03 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1986-04-02 | 1986-10-02 | 1987-04-03 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1990-04-02 | 1990-10-02 | 1991-04-03 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |