US4145380A
Expired / Lapsed
US
⏱️ 0.0 years remaining
Vinyl halide polymer impact modifiers
Assignee: Rohm and Haas Co
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Filing: 1976-01-19
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Granted: 1979-03-20
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Expires: 1996-01-19
Abstract
Abstract A three-stage, sequentially produced graft polymer comprises (A) a non-rubbery, hard first stage polymer formed by the sequential polymerization of a monomer charge of 50 to 100 weight percent of a vinylaromatic compound, 0 to 50 weight percent of a different monovinylidene monomer interpolymerizable therewith, and 0 to 10 weight percent of a polyfunctional crosslinking monomer based on the weight of the monomer charge; (B) a second stage rubbery polymer formed by sequentially polymerizing in the presence of the hard polymer Stage (A) a second monomer charge of 50 to 100 weight percent of butadiene, isoprene, chloroprene, an alkyl acrylate or mixtures thereof wherein the alkyl group of the alkyl acrylate has about 3 to 8 carbon atoms, 0 to 50 weight percent of a monovinylidene monomer interpolymerizable therewith, and 0 to 10 weight percent of a polyfunctional crosslinking agent; and (C) a third stage polymer formed by sequentially polymerizing in the presence of the Stage (A) and Stage (B) polymer product a monomer charge of 50 to 100 weight percent of an alkyl methacrylate wherein the alkyl group has about 1 to 4 carbon atoms, 0 to 50 weight percent of a vinylidene monomer interpolymerizable therewith, and 0 to 10 weight percent of a polyfunctional crosslinking monomer, and/or 0 to 1.0 weight percent of an alkyl mercaptan of 3 to 12 carbon atoms. Preferably the polymer is used as a modifier for vinyl halide polymers. When so used, the refractive index of the first two stages of the graft polymer is substantially equal to the refractive index of the vinyl halide polymer.
Inventors
- 👤 Robert M. Myers
- 👤 David L. Dunkelberger
- 👤 Daniel T. Carty
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-31 01:33
CPC Classifications
C; C08; C08F; C08F257/00; C08F257/02; C08F285/00; C08L; C08L27/00; C08L27/02; C08L27/04; C08L27/06; C08L51/00
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 16
Claim 1
Independent Claim
168 words
A composition comprising a three stage, sequentially produced graft polymer comprising (A) 5 to 50 parts by weight of a first non-rubbery, hard polymer stage formed by polymerization of a monomer charge of 50 to 100 weight percent of a vinylaromatic compound and 0.1 to 10 weight percent of a polyfunctional crosslinking monomer based on the weight of the monomer charge; (B) 20 to 75 parts by weight of a second stage rubb polymer formed by sequentially polymerizing in the presence of first non-rubbery hard polymer stage a second monomer charge of to 100 percent of butadiene, isoprene, or chloroprene, or mixtures thereof, or an alkyl acrylate wherein the alkyl acrylate has about 2 to 8 carbon atoms, and (C) 15 to 40 parts by weight of a third stage polymer formed by sequentially polymerizing in the presence of the Stage (B) polymer product a monomer charge of 50 to 100 weight percent of an alkyl methacrylate wherein the alkyl group has about 1 to 4 carbon atoms.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
168 words
A composition comprising a three stage, sequentially produced graft polymer comprising (A) 5 to 50 parts by weight of a first non-rubbery, hard polymer stage formed by polymerization of a monomer charge of 50 to 100 weight percent of a vinylaromatic compound and 0.1 to 10 weight percent of a polyfunctional crosslinking monomer based on the weight of the monomer charge; (B) 20 to 75 parts by weight of a second stage rubb polymer formed by sequentially polymerizing in the presence of first non-rubbery hard polymer stage a second monomer charge of to 100 percent of butadiene, isoprene, or chloroprene, or mixtures thereof, or an alkyl acrylate wherein the alkyl acrylate has about 2 to 8 carbon atoms, and (C) 15 to 40 parts by weight of a third stage polymer formed by sequentially polymerizing in the presence of the Stage (B) polymer product a monomer charge of 50 to 100 weight percent of an alkyl methacrylate wherein the alkyl group has about 1 to 4 carbon atoms.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
34 words
The composition of claim 1 comprising 5 to 25 parts of the Stage (A) polymer, 40 to 70 parts of the Stage (B) polymer and 20 to 35 parts of the Stage (C) polymer.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
34 words
The composition of claim 1 comprising 25 to 50 parts of the Stage (A) polymer, 20 to 40 parts of the Stage (B) polymer, and 15 to 35 parts of the Stage (C) polymer.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
36 words
The composition of claim 1 in which the polymer of Stage (B), if formed in the absence of the polymer of Stage (A), would be characterized by a glass transition temperature of -22° C. or below.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
25 words
The composition of claim 1 in which the vinyl-aromatic compound of Stage (A) is styrene, Stage (B) contains butadiene and Stage (C) contains methyl methacrylate.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
26 words
The composition of claim 5 in which the Stage (A) polymer is formed from a monomer charge containing 0.2 to 6.0 percent by weight diallyl maleate.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
26 words
The composition of claim 6 in which the Stage (B) polymer is formed from a monomer charge containing 0.2 to 6.0 percent by weight diallyl maleate.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
25 words
The composition of claim 1 in which the range of particle size diameters for the sequentially produced graft pol is less than about 3000 A.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
24 words
The composition of claim 6 in which the range of particle size diameters for the sequentially produced graft polymer is 700 to 1100 A.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
21 words
The composition of claim 1 wherein Stage (B) further includes about 0.2 to 6.0 weight percent of a polyfunctional cross-linking monomer.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
24 words
The composition of claim 1 wherein the Stage (C) monomer charge further includes up to 50 weight percent of a vinylidene monomer interpolymerizable therewith.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
28 words
The composition of claim 1 wherein the Stage (C) monomer charge further includes up to 1.0 weight percent of an alkyl mercaptan of 3 to 12 carbon atoms.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
23 words
The composition of claim 1 wherein the Stage (C) monomer charge further includes up to 10 weight percent of a polyfunctional crosslinking monomer.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
162 words
A composition comprising a three stage, sequentially produced graft polymer comprising (A) 5 to 50 parts by weight of a first non-rubbery, hard polymer stage formed by polymerization of a monomer charge of 50 to 100 weight percent of a vinylaromatic compound and 0.1 to 10 weight percent of a polyfunctional crosslinking monomer based on the weight of the monomer charge; (B) 20 to 75 parts by weight of a second stage rubbery polymer formed by sequentially polymerizing in the presence of said first non-rubbery hard polymer stage a second monomer charge of 50 to 100 percent of an alkyl acrylate wherein the alkyl acrylate has about 2 to 8 carbon atoms, and (C) 15 to 40 parts by weight of a third stage polymer formed by sequentially polymerizing in the presence of the stage (B) polymer product a monomer charge of 50 to 100 weight percent of an alkyl methacrylate wherein the alkyl group has about 1 to 4 carbon atoms.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
162 words
A composition comprising a three stage, sequentially produced graft polymer comprising (A) 5 to 50 parts by weight of a first non-rubbery, hard polymer stage formed by polymerization of a monomer charge of 50 to 100 weight percent of a vinylaromatic compound and 0.1 to 10 weight percent of a polyfunctional crosslinking monomer based on the weight of the monomer charge; (B) 20 to 75 parts by weight of a second stage rubbery polymer formed by sequentially polymerizing in the presence of said first non-rubbery hard polymer stage a second monomer charge of 50 to 100 percent of an alkyl acrylate wherein the alkyl acrylate has about 2 to 8 carbon atoms, and (C) 15 to 40 parts by weight of a third stage polymer formed by sequentially polymerizing in the presence of the stage (B) polymer product a monomer charge of 50 to 100 weight percent of an alkyl methacrylate wherein the alkyl group has about 1 to 4 carbon atoms.
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USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1982-03-19 | 1982-09-18 | 1983-03-20 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1986-03-19 | 1986-09-18 | 1987-03-20 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1990-03-19 | 1990-09-18 | 1991-03-20 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |