US4141750A
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US
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Ammonia containing rosin sizes
Assignee: Plasmine Technology Inc
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Filing: 1977-07-01
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Granted: 1979-02-27
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Expires: 1997-07-01
Abstract
Abstract Novel sizing compositions comprise an aqueous mixture of the reaction product of urea with selected Lewis acid, and a rosin that is modified with from about 5 to 50 percent based on the weight of the rosin, of an organic acidic compound selected from the group consisting of an alpha , beta -unsaturated organic acid, an anhydride thereof, and their mixtures. The selected Lewis acids which can be employed are sulfuryl chloride, chlorosulfonic acid, thionyl chloride, benzenesulfonyl chloride, benzenesulfonic acid, ortho- or para-toluenesulfonyl chloride, and ortho- or para-toluenesulfonic acid. Methods for making the sizing compositions and paper which is sized with the sizing compositions are also disclosed.
Inventors
- 👤 Ralph W. Emerson
- 👤 Jerome L. Martin
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-31 00:09
CPC Classifications
D; D21; D21H; D21H17/00; D21H17/62; C; C08; C08K; C08K5/00; C08K5/36; D21H17/03; D21H17/05; D21H17/07; D21H17/09
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 42
Claim 1
Independent Claim
117 words
A sizing composition comprising (a) the reaction product of urea and at least one Lewis acid selected from the group consisting of sulfuryl chloride, chlorosulfonic acid, thionyl chloride, benzenesulfonyl chloride, benzenesulfonic acid, ortho-toluenesulfonic acid, para-toluenesulfonic acid, ortho-toluenesulfonyl chloride and para-toluenesulfonyl chloride and (b) sizing effective amounts of rosin that is modified with from about 5 to 50 percent, based on weight of the rosin, of an organic acidic compound selected from the group consisting of an α, β-unsaturated aliphatic acid containing from about 3 to, 6 carbon atoms, an anhydride thereof, and their mixtures, wherein the amount of (a) is sufficient to provide the composition with a total acidity of at least about 1,000 parts per million.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
117 words
A sizing composition comprising (a) the reaction product of urea and at least one Lewis acid selected from the group consisting of sulfuryl chloride, chlorosulfonic acid, thionyl chloride, benzenesulfonyl chloride, benzenesulfonic acid, ortho-toluenesulfonic acid, para-toluenesulfonic acid, ortho-toluenesulfonyl chloride and para-toluenesulfonyl chloride and (b) sizing effective amounts of rosin that is modified with from about 5 to 50 percent, based on weight of the rosin, of an organic acidic compound selected from the group consisting of an α, β-unsaturated aliphatic acid containing from about 3 to, 6 carbon atoms, an anhydride thereof, and their mixtures, wherein the amount of (a) is sufficient to provide the composition with a total acidity of at least about 1,000 parts per million.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
34 words
The sizing composition of claim 1 wherein the Lewis acid is selected from the group consisting of sulfuryl chloride, chlorosulfonic acid, benzenesulfonyl chloride, benzenesulfonic acid, ortho-toluenesulfonic acid, para-toluenesulfonic acid, ortho-toluenesulfonyl chloride, and para-toluenesulfonyl chloride.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
31 words
The sizing composition of claim 2 wherein the rosin is modified with an organic acidic compound selected from the group consisting of maleic acid, maleic anhydride, fumaric acid, and their mixtures.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
19 words
The sizing composition of claim 3 wherein the rosin is tall oil rosin and is at least partially saponified.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
23 words
The sizing composition of claim 4 wherein said rosin is modified with from about 9 to 30 percent of said organic acidic compound.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
36 words
The sizing composition of claim 2 wherein (a) comprises from about 25 to about 85 weight percent and (b) comprises from about 75 to about 15 weight percent of their mixture on a dry weight basis.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
29 words
The sizing composition of claim 6 wherein the Lewis acid reacted with the urea is from about 0.2 to about 8 percent based on the weight of the urea.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
13 words
The sizing composition of claim 7 wherein the composition is an aqueous mixture.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
17 words
The sizing composition of claim 8 wherein the composition contains at least about 25 weight percent water.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
16 words
The sizing composition of claim 9 wherein the Lewis acid is para-toluenesulfonic acid or para-toluenesulfonyl chloride.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
29 words
The sizing composition of claim 9 wherein additional ammonia is also contained in the composition in an amount sufficient to provide a pH of about 6.6 to about 10.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
33 words
The sizing composition of claim 9 wherein additional ammonium salt is also contained in the composition in a weight ratio to the urea of about 4 to 1 to about 1 to 2.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
14 words
The sizing composition of claim 12 wherein the additional ammonia salt is ammonium sulfate.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
13 words
The sizing composition of claim 13 wherein the Lewis acid is para-toluenesulfonic acid.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
70 words
The sizing composition of claim 9 which contains about 3 to 30 percent ammonia, from about 4 to 72 percent ammonium salt and from about 93 to 25 percent rosin and organic acidic compound, based on the total weight of the ammonia, the ammonium salt and the rosin and organic acidic compound on a dry basis, and using an ammonium salt to ammonia ratio greater than about 1 to 1.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
14 words
The sizing composition of claim 15 wherein the ammonium salt comprises additional ammonium salt.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
32 words
The sizing composition of claim 16 wherein the additional ammonium salt is ammonium sulfate and is in a weight ratio to urea of about 4 to 1 to about 1 to 2.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
13 words
The sizing composition of claim 17 wherein the Lewis acid is para-toluenesulfonic acid.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
13 words
The sizing composition of claim 15 wherein the Lewis acid is para-toluenesulfonic acid.
Claim 21
Dependent Claim
187 words
A sizing composition comprising an aqueous mixture containing about 3 to 30 percent ammonia; from about 4 to 72 percent ammonia salt, wherein at least a portion of said ammonia and ammonium salt are provided by the reaction product of urea with para-toluenesulfonic acid in an amount of about 0.2 to 8 weight percent of the urea; and from about 93 to 25 percent rosin modified with about 5 to 50 percent, based on the weight of rosin, with an organic acidic compound selected from the group consisting of maleic acid, maleic anhydride, fumaric acid, and their mixutres, said rosin being at least partially saponified, based on the total weight of the ammonia, the ammonium salt and the rosin and organic acidic compound on a dry basis, wherein the ratio of ammonium salt to ammonia is greater than about 1 to 1, the reaction product of the urea and Lewis acid comprises about 25 to 85 weight percent of the total of the reaction product and modified rosin, the total acidity is at least about 1000 parts per million, and the pH is about 6.6 to 10.
Claim 22
Dependent Claim
187 words
A sizing composition comprising an aqueous mixture containing about 3 to 30 percent ammonia; from about 4 to 72 percent ammonia salt, wherein at least a portion of said ammonia and ammonium salt are provided by the reaction product of urea with para-toluenesulfonic acid in an amount of about 0.2 to 8 weight percent of the urea; and from about 93 to 25 percent rosin modified with about 5 to 50 percent, based on the weight of rosin, with an organic acidic compound selected from the group consisting of maleic acid, maleic anhydride, fumaric acid, and their mixutres, said rosin being at least partially saponified, based on the total weight of the ammonia, the ammonium salt and the rosin and organic acidic compound on a dry basis, wherein the ratio of ammonium salt to ammonia is greater than about 1 to 1, the reaction product of the urea and Lewis acid comprises about 25 to 85 weight percent of the total of the reaction product and modified rosin, the total acidity is at least about 1000 parts per million, and the pH is about 6.6 to 10.
Claim 23
Dependent Claim
25 words
The sizing composition of claim 20 wherein the composition contains from about 40 to 60 weight percent water, and the rosin comprises tall oil rosin.
Claim 24
Dependent Claim
22 words
Paper sized with from about 0.05 to 4 percent by dry weight of the fibers of the sizing composition of claim 1.
Claim 25
Dependent Claim
33 words
The paper of claim 22 wherein the Lewis acid is selected from the group consisting of sulfuryl chloride, chlorosulfonic acid, benzenesulfonyl chloride, benzenesulfonic acid, ortho-toluenesulfonic acid, para-toluenesulfonic acid, ortho-toluenesulfonyl chloride, and para-toluenesulfonyl chloride.
Claim 26
Dependent Claim
30 words
The paper of claim 23 wherein the rosin is modified with an organic acidic compound selected from the group consisting of maleic acid, maleic anhydride, fumaric acid, and their mixtures.
Claim 27
Dependent Claim
18 words
The paper of claim 24 wherein the rosin is tall oil rosin and is at least partially saponified.
Claim 28
Dependent Claim
22 words
The paper of claim 23 wherein said rosin is modified with from about 9 to 30 percent of said organic acidic compound.
Claim 29
Dependent Claim
28 words
The paper of claim 26 wherein the Lewis acid reacted with the urea is from about 0.2 to about 8 percent based on the weight of the urea.
Claim 30
Dependent Claim
22 words
Paper sized with from about 0.05 to 4 percent by dry weight of the fibers of the sizing composition of claim 20.
Claim 31
Independent Claim
193 words
A method for making a sizing agent comprising forming a first component by reacting urea and at least one Lewis acid selected from the group consisting of sulfuryl chloride, chlorosulfonic acid, thionyl chloride, benzenesulfonyl chloride, benzenesulfonic acid, ortho- or para-toluenesulfonic acid, and ortho- or para-tolenesulfonyl chloride, said Lewis acid being reacted in an amount sufficient to produce a reaction product having a total acidity of at least about 1000 parts per million; forming a second component by modifying rosin with from about 5 to 50 percent, based on the weight of the rosin, of an organic acidic compound selected from the group consisting of an α,β-unsaturated aliphatic acid containing from about 3 to 6 carbon atoms, an anhydride thereof, and their mixtures, at a temperature between about 212° F. and 550° F., and forming a soap of said rosin before, during, or after said modifying; and providing a mixture of said first component and said second component containing from about 25 to 85 percent, based on the total dry weight, of the first component reaction product and from about 75 to 15 percent, based on the total dry weight, of the second component.
Claim 32
Independent Claim
193 words
A method for making a sizing agent comprising forming a first component by reacting urea and at least one Lewis acid selected from the group consisting of sulfuryl chloride, chlorosulfonic acid, thionyl chloride, benzenesulfonyl chloride, benzenesulfonic acid, ortho- or para-toluenesulfonic acid, and ortho- or para-tolenesulfonyl chloride, said Lewis acid being reacted in an amount sufficient to produce a reaction product having a total acidity of at least about 1000 parts per million; forming a second component by modifying rosin with from about 5 to 50 percent, based on the weight of the rosin, of an organic acidic compound selected from the group consisting of an α,β-unsaturated aliphatic acid containing from about 3 to 6 carbon atoms, an anhydride thereof, and their mixtures, at a temperature between about 212° F. and 550° F., and forming a soap of said rosin before, during, or after said modifying; and providing a mixture of said first component and said second component containing from about 25 to 85 percent, based on the total dry weight, of the first component reaction product and from about 75 to 15 percent, based on the total dry weight, of the second component.
Claim 33
Dependent Claim
19 words
The method of claim 29 wherein the first component and the second component are separately prepared and are mixed.
Claim 34
Dependent Claim
64 words
The method of claim 30 wherein said rosin is modified with an organic acidic compound selected from the group consisting of maleic acid, maleic anhydride, fumaric acid, and their mixtures and the urea is reacted with at least one Lewis acid selected from the group consisting of sulfuryl chloride, chlorosulfonic acid, benzenesulfonyl chloride, benzenesulfonic acid, ortho- or para-toluenesulfonyl chloride, and ortho- or para-toluenesulfonic acid.
Claim 35
Dependent Claim
28 words
The method of claim 31 wherein said acid is para-toluenesulfonic acid and said total acidity is at least about 4,000 parts per million and the pH is basic.
Claim 36
Dependent Claim
27 words
The method of claim 31 wherein said soap is formed from said rosin by mixing said rosin with an aqueous solution of sodium hydroxide or potassium hydroxide.
Claim 37
Dependent Claim
23 words
The method of claim 31 wherein said rosin is modified with from about 9 to 30 weight percent of said organic acidic compound.
Claim 38
Dependent Claim
19 words
The method of claim 31 wherein the rosin is melted before it is modified with said organic acidic compound.
Claim 39
Dependent Claim
26 words
The method of claim 35 wherein said second component is cooled to room temperature by dilution with water before it is mixed with said first component.
Claim 40
Dependent Claim
42 words
The method of claim 31 wherein said first component is formed by reacting said urea at Lewis acid in the presence of from about 40 to 60 percent water, based on the total weight of the urea, Lewis acid, and the water.
Claim 41
Dependent Claim
45 words
The method of claim 31 wherein said second component is formed by modifying said rosin with said organic acidic compound in the presence of from 0 to 10 percent water, based on the total weight of the rosin, the organic acidic compound, and the water.
Claim 42
Dependent Claim
21 words
The method of claim 29 wherein said first component and said second component are formed and mixed in a single step.
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USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1982-02-26 | 1982-08-28 | 1983-02-27 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1986-02-26 | 1986-08-28 | 1987-02-27 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1990-02-26 | 1990-08-28 | 1991-02-27 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |