Patent EP0243171A1 successfully refreshed from Google Patents.
US4132916A
Expired / Lapsed
US
⏱️ 0.0 years remaining
High thermal emittance coating for X-ray targets
Assignee: General Electric Co
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Filing: 1977-02-16
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Granted: 1979-01-02
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Expires: 1997-02-16
Abstract
Abstract A high thermal emittance coating for an X-ray tube anode target comprises a high melting point oxide or a mixture of such oxides added to titanium dioxide and another oxide selected from the group consisting of calcium oxide and yttrium oxide.
Inventors
- 👤 Robert E. Hueschen
- 👤 Richard A. Jens
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-24 18:26
CPC Classifications
H; H01; H01J; H01J35/00; H01J35/02; H01J35/04; H01J35/08; H01J35/10; H01J35/105
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 39
Claim 1
Independent Claim
178 words
An x-ray tube anode comprised of a body having a surface region for being impinged by electrons to produce x-radiation and a coating distinct from said region for enhancing the thermal emittance of said body, said coating comprising: the product resulting from heating at a pressure of 10 -5 Torr or lower and at a temperature in the range of 1650° C. to 1900° C. a mixture comprising about 2.5% up to about 20% by weight of TiO 2 , at least one oxide, totalling in the range of 70% to 93.5% by weight, selected from a first group consisting of ZrO 2 , HfO, MgO, CeO 2 , La 2 O 3 and SrO, and at least one oxide for stabilizing the oxide selected from first group and being selected from a second group consisting of CaO and Y 2 O 3 , the amount of oxide from said second group making up the difference between 100 weight percent and the sum of the percentages of TiO 2 and the oxide or oxides from said first group.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
178 words
An x-ray tube anode comprised of a body having a surface region for being impinged by electrons to produce x-radiation and a coating distinct from said region for enhancing the thermal emittance of said body, said coating comprising: the product resulting from heating at a pressure of 10 -5 Torr or lower and at a temperature in the range of 1650° C. to 1900° C. a mixture comprising about 2.5% up to about 20% by weight of TiO 2 , at least one oxide, totalling in the range of 70% to 93.5% by weight, selected from a first group consisting of ZrO 2 , HfO, MgO, CeO 2 , La 2 O 3 and SrO, and at least one oxide for stabilizing the oxide selected from first group and being selected from a second group consisting of CaO and Y 2 O 3 , the amount of oxide from said second group making up the difference between 100 weight percent and the sum of the percentages of TiO 2 and the oxide or oxides from said first group.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
43 words
The anode as in claim 1 wherein the oxide selected from said first group is in the range of 75% to 93.5% by weight and the selection from said second group is substantially CaO in the amount of 4% to 5% by weight.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
49 words
The anode as in claim 1 wherein the total amount of oxide selected from said first group is in the range of 70% to 92.5% by weight and the selection from said second group is substantially Y 2 O 3 in the amount of 5% to 10% by weight.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
126 words
An x-ray tube anode comprised of a body having a surface region for being impinged by electrons to produce x-radiation and a coating distinct from said region for enhancing the thermal emittance of said body, said coating comprising: the product resulting from heating at a pressure of 10 -5 Torr or lower and at a temperature in the range of 1650° C. to 1900° C. a mixture comprising no less than 2.5% up to 20% by weight of TiO 2 , at least one oxide in the total amount of 75% to 93.5% by weight selected from the group consisting of ZrO 2 , HfO, MgO, CeO 2 , La 2 O 2 and SrO, and CaO in the amount of 4% to 5% by weight.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
126 words
An x-ray tube anode comprised of a body having a surface region for being impinged by electrons to produce x-radiation and a coating distinct from said region for enhancing the thermal emittance of said body, said coating comprising: the product resulting from heating at a pressure of 10 -5 Torr or lower and at a temperature in the range of 1650° C. to 1900° C. a mixture comprising no less than 2.5% up to 20% by weight of TiO 2 , at least one oxide in the total amount of 75% to 93.5% by weight selected from the group consisting of ZrO 2 , HfO, MgO, CeO 2 , La 2 O 2 and SrO, and CaO in the amount of 4% to 5% by weight.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
129 words
An x-ray tube anode comprised of a body having a surface region for being impinged by electrons to produce x-radiation and a coating distinct from said region for enhancing the thermal emittance of said body, said coating comprising: the product resulting from heating at a pressure of 10 -5 Torr or lower and at a temperature in the range of 1650° C. to 1900° C. a mixture comprising no less than 2.5% up to 20% by weight of TiO 2 , at least one oxide in the total amount of 70% to 92.5% by weight selected from the group consisting of ZrO 2 , HfO, MgO, CeO 2 , La 2 O 3 and SrO, and Y 2 O 3 in the amount of 5% to 10% by weight.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
129 words
An x-ray tube anode comprised of a body having a surface region for being impinged by electrons to produce x-radiation and a coating distinct from said region for enhancing the thermal emittance of said body, said coating comprising: the product resulting from heating at a pressure of 10 -5 Torr or lower and at a temperature in the range of 1650° C. to 1900° C. a mixture comprising no less than 2.5% up to 20% by weight of TiO 2 , at least one oxide in the total amount of 70% to 92.5% by weight selected from the group consisting of ZrO 2 , HfO, MgO, CeO 2 , La 2 O 3 and SrO, and Y 2 O 3 in the amount of 5% to 10% by weight.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
107 words
An x-ray tube anode comprised of a body having a surface region for being impinged by electrons to produce x-radiation and a surface layer distinct from said region for enhancing thermal emittance of said body, said layer comprising: the product resulting from heating at a pressure of 10 -5 Torr or lower and at a temperature in the range of 1650° C. to 1900° C., a mixture comprised of 2.5% up to 20% by weight of TiO 2 , 5% to 10% by weight of Y 2 O 3 and the remainder of at least one oxide selected from the group consisting of ZrO 2 and HfO.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
107 words
An x-ray tube anode comprised of a body having a surface region for being impinged by electrons to produce x-radiation and a surface layer distinct from said region for enhancing thermal emittance of said body, said layer comprising: the product resulting from heating at a pressure of 10 -5 Torr or lower and at a temperature in the range of 1650° C. to 1900° C., a mixture comprised of 2.5% up to 20% by weight of TiO 2 , 5% to 10% by weight of Y 2 O 3 and the remainder of at least one oxide selected from the group consisting of ZrO 2 and HfO.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
67 words
A coating for enhancing thermal emittance of an article, said coating comprising: the substantially black, textured and unfused product which is bonded to said article and results from spraying onto said article with a plasma gun a mixture comprised of about 2.5% by weight up to 20% by weight of TiO 2 , 4% to 5% by weight of CaO and the remainder of ZrO 2 .
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
67 words
A coating for enhancing thermal emittance of an article, said coating comprising: the substantially black, textured and unfused product which is bonded to said article and results from spraying onto said article with a plasma gun a mixture comprised of about 2.5% by weight up to 20% by weight of TiO 2 , 4% to 5% by weight of CaO and the remainder of ZrO 2 .
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
70 words
A coating for enhancing thermal emittance of an article, said coating comprising: the substantially black, textured and unfused product which is bonded to said article and results from spraying onto said article with a plasma gun a mixture comprised of about 2.5% by weight up to 20% by weight of TiO 2 , 5% to 10% by weight of Y 2 O 3 and the remainder of ZrO 2 .
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
70 words
A coating for enhancing thermal emittance of an article, said coating comprising: the substantially black, textured and unfused product which is bonded to said article and results from spraying onto said article with a plasma gun a mixture comprised of about 2.5% by weight up to 20% by weight of TiO 2 , 5% to 10% by weight of Y 2 O 3 and the remainder of ZrO 2 .
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
94 words
An x-ray tube anode comprised of a body having a surface region for being impinged by electrons to produce x-radiation and a surface layer distinct from said region for enhancing the thermal emittance of said body, said layer comprising: the product resulting from heating at a pressure of 10 -5 Torr or lower and at a temperature in the range of 1650° C. to 1900° C. a mixture comprised of about 2.5% up to 20% by weight of TiO 2 4% to 5% by weight of CaO and the remainder of ZrO 2 .
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
94 words
An x-ray tube anode comprised of a body having a surface region for being impinged by electrons to produce x-radiation and a surface layer distinct from said region for enhancing the thermal emittance of said body, said layer comprising: the product resulting from heating at a pressure of 10 -5 Torr or lower and at a temperature in the range of 1650° C. to 1900° C. a mixture comprised of about 2.5% up to 20% by weight of TiO 2 4% to 5% by weight of CaO and the remainder of ZrO 2 .
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
46 words
An anode as in claim 9 wherein the amount of ZrO 2 is 75% to 93.5% by weight and the amount of TiO 2 is adjusted proportionally to the amount of ZrO 2 so that the CaO is maintained at said 4% to 5% by weight.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
29 words
An anode as in claim 9 wherein said mixture is comprised, in terms of weight percentages, of about 76% ZrO 2 , 4% CaO and 20% TiO 2 .
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
29 words
An anode as in claim 9 wherein said mixture is comprised, in terms of weight percentages, of about 80.75% ZrO 2 , 4.25% CaO and 15% TiO 2 .
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
29 words
An anode as in claim 9 wherein said mixture is comprised, in terms of weight percentages, of about 85.5% ZrO 2 , 4.5% CaO and 10% TiO 2 .
Claim 21
Dependent Claim
29 words
An anode as in claim 9 wherein said mixture is comprised, in terms of weight percentages, of about 87.88% ZrO 2 , 4.62% CaO and 7.5% TiO 2 .
Claim 22
Dependent Claim
140 words
An anode for an x-ray tube having a high thermal emittance coating on selected portions thereof, said coating comprising: the product resulting from depositing on said anode a mixture of fine particles, said mixture comprising 2.5% up to about 20% by weight of TiO 2 , 70% to 93.5% by weight of ZrO 2 and the balance being a stabilizer for ZrO 2 having the property of substantially preventing the monoclinic phase of ZrO 2 from forming when said coating is heated to a predetermined temperature at which said monoclinic phase would otherwise form, and heating said anode to above said predetermined temperature and to a temperature of at least 1650° C. and no higher than 1900° C. at a pressure of 10 -5 Torr or lower to cause said particles to fuse into a non-particulate smooth substantially black coating.
Claim 23
Dependent Claim
140 words
An anode for an x-ray tube having a high thermal emittance coating on selected portions thereof, said coating comprising: the product resulting from depositing on said anode a mixture of fine particles, said mixture comprising 2.5% up to about 20% by weight of TiO 2 , 70% to 93.5% by weight of ZrO 2 and the balance being a stabilizer for ZrO 2 having the property of substantially preventing the monoclinic phase of ZrO 2 from forming when said coating is heated to a predetermined temperature at which said monoclinic phase would otherwise form, and heating said anode to above said predetermined temperature and to a temperature of at least 1650° C. and no higher than 1900° C. at a pressure of 10 -5 Torr or lower to cause said particles to fuse into a non-particulate smooth substantially black coating.
Claim 24
Dependent Claim
36 words
The anode as in claim 15 wherein said stabilizer is CaO present in the amount of 4% to 5% by weight and said ZrO 2 is present in the amount of 75% to 93.5% by weight.
Claim 25
Dependent Claim
39 words
The anode as in claim 15 wherein said stabilizer is Y 2 O 3 present in the amount of 5% to 10% by weight and said ZrO 2 is present in the amount of 70% to 92.5% by weight.
Claim 26
Independent Claim
106 words
A method of producing a high thermal emittance coating on an anode for an X-ray tube, said method including the steps of: depositing on selected surface regions of said anode a mixture of fine particles of ZrO 2 in the amount of 75% to 93.5% by weight, TiO 2 in the amount of 2.5% up to 20% by weight, and CaO in the amount of 4% to 5% by weight, and heating said anode at a pressure of 10 -5 Torr or lower and at a sufficiently high temperature and for sufficient time to cause said particles to fuse into a non-particulate smooth substantially black coating.
Claim 27
Independent Claim
106 words
A method of producing a high thermal emittance coating on an anode for an X-ray tube, said method including the steps of: depositing on selected surface regions of said anode a mixture of fine particles of ZrO 2 in the amount of 75% to 93.5% by weight, TiO 2 in the amount of 2.5% up to 20% by weight, and CaO in the amount of 4% to 5% by weight, and heating said anode at a pressure of 10 -5 Torr or lower and at a sufficiently high temperature and for sufficient time to cause said particles to fuse into a non-particulate smooth substantially black coating.
Claim 28
Dependent Claim
20 words
The method as in claim 18 wherein said temperature is at least 1650° C. and no higher than 1900° C.
Claim 29
Dependent Claim
20 words
The method as in claim 18 wherein said time is at least sufficient for said anode to reach 1650° C.
Claim 30
Independent Claim
106 words
A method of producing a high thermal emittance coating on an X-ray tube anode, said method including the steps of: depositing on selected surface regions of said anode a mixture of fine particles of ZrO 2 in the amount of 70% to 9.25% by weight, TiO 2 in the amount of 2.5% up to 20% by weight, and Y 2 O 3 in the amount of 5% to 10% by weight, and heating said anode at a pressure of 10 -5 Torr or lower and at sufficiently high temperature and for sufficient time to cause said particles to fuse into a non-particulate smooth substantially black coating.
Claim 31
Independent Claim
106 words
A method of producing a high thermal emittance coating on an X-ray tube anode, said method including the steps of: depositing on selected surface regions of said anode a mixture of fine particles of ZrO 2 in the amount of 70% to 9.25% by weight, TiO 2 in the amount of 2.5% up to 20% by weight, and Y 2 O 3 in the amount of 5% to 10% by weight, and heating said anode at a pressure of 10 -5 Torr or lower and at sufficiently high temperature and for sufficient time to cause said particles to fuse into a non-particulate smooth substantially black coating.
Claim 32
Dependent Claim
20 words
The method as in claim 21 wherein said temperature is at least 1650° C. and no higher than 1900° C.
Claim 33
Dependent Claim
20 words
The method as in claim 21 wherein said time is at least sufficient for said anode to reach 1650° C.
Claim 34
Independent Claim
170 words
A method of producing a high thermal emittance coating on an x-ray tube anode, said method including the steps of: depositing on selected surface regions of said anode a mixture of fine particles of ZrO 2 in the amount of 70% to 93.5% by weight, TiO 2 in the amount of 2.5% up to 20% by weight, and a stabilizer selected from the groups consisting of Y 2 O 3 and CaO having the property of substantially preventing the monoclinic phase of ZrO 2 from forming when said ZrO 2 is at a predetermined high temperature said stabilizer being present in the amount of 4% to 10% by weight with variations in the amount of stabilizer being compensated solely by adjusting the amount of ZrO 2 , and heating said anode at a pressure of 10 -5 Torr or lower to a temperature of at least 1650° C. and no higher than 1900° C. for sufficient time to cause said particles to fuse into a non-particulate smooth substantially black coating.
Claim 35
Independent Claim
170 words
A method of producing a high thermal emittance coating on an x-ray tube anode, said method including the steps of: depositing on selected surface regions of said anode a mixture of fine particles of ZrO 2 in the amount of 70% to 93.5% by weight, TiO 2 in the amount of 2.5% up to 20% by weight, and a stabilizer selected from the groups consisting of Y 2 O 3 and CaO having the property of substantially preventing the monoclinic phase of ZrO 2 from forming when said ZrO 2 is at a predetermined high temperature said stabilizer being present in the amount of 4% to 10% by weight with variations in the amount of stabilizer being compensated solely by adjusting the amount of ZrO 2 , and heating said anode at a pressure of 10 -5 Torr or lower to a temperature of at least 1650° C. and no higher than 1900° C. for sufficient time to cause said particles to fuse into a non-particulate smooth substantially black coating.
Claim 36
Dependent Claim
36 words
The method as in claim 24 wherein said stabilizer is CaO present in the amount of 4% to 5% by weight and said ZrO 2 is present in the amount of 75% to 93.5% by weight.
Claim 37
Dependent Claim
39 words
The method as in claim 25 wherein said stabilizer is Y 2 O 3 present in the amount of 5% to 10% by weight and said ZrO 2 is present in the amount of 70% to 92.5% by weight.
Claim 38
Dependent Claim
36 words
The method as in claim 24 wherein said temperature to which said anode is heated is at least 1650° C. when CaO is used and at least 1700° C. when Y 2 O 3 is used.
Claim 39
Dependent Claim
39 words
The method as in claim 24 wherein said time is at least sufficient for said anode to reach a temperature of 1650° C. when CaO is used and to reach 1700° C. when Y 2 O 3 is used.
References Cited (Backward Citations)
USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1982-01-01 | 1982-07-03 | 1983-01-02 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1986-01-01 | 1986-07-03 | 1987-01-02 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1990-01-01 | 1990-07-03 | 1991-01-02 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |