US4126437A
Expired / Lapsed
US
⏱️ 0.0 years remaining
Magnetic glass carrier materials
Assignee: Xerox Corp
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Filing: 1976-12-02
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Granted: 1978-11-21
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Expires: 1996-12-02
Abstract
Abstract Electrostatographic carrier materials having low bulk densities and high magnetic permeabilities are obtained by providing an alumino-boro-silicate glass particle containing from between about 10 to about 15 molar percent Fe 2 O 3 in which superparamagnetic ferrite crystallites having an average particle size of up to about 500A have been precipitated by heat treatment. The magnetic behavior of the glass carrier particles which is dependent on the number present and size of the ferrite crystallites can be closely controlled by heat treatment at temperatures in the range of between about 600° C and 800° C. When mixed with toner particles, these magnetic glass carrier materials experience significantly reduced toner impaction levels.
Inventors
- 👤 Michael P. O'Horo
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-11-05 18:12
CPC Classifications
C; C03; C03C; C03C12/00; C03C10/00; C03C10/0081; G; G03; G03G; G03G9/00; G03G9/08; G03G9/10; G03G9/103; G03G9/107; G03G9/1075; G03G9/108; H; H01; H01F; H01F1/00; H01F1/01; H01F1/03; H01F1/12; H01F1/34; H01F1/36; H01F1/37; Y; Y10; Y10S; Y10S428/00; Y10S428/90; Y10T; Y10T428/00; Y10T428/29; Y10T428/2982
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 8
Claim 1
Independent Claim
171 words
A process for preparing low density, magnetic, composite electrostatographic carrier particles comprising forming a mixture containing about 34 moles of SiO 2 , about 25 moles of B 2 O 3 , about 21 moles of CaO, about 8 moles of Al 2 O 3 , and about 12 moles of Fe 2 O 3 , melting said mixture by heating to a temperature of up to about 1350° C., quenching the melted mixture, grinding the quenched mixture to a particle size of between about 100 mesh and about 200 mesh, and heating the ground mixture at a temperature in the range of between about 600° C. and about 800° C. for up to about 24 hours to form aluminoboro-silicate glass particles containing a precipitated phase of Fe 3 O 4 superparamagnetic ferrite crystallites having an average particle size of up to about 500 A whereby said carrier particles have a resistivity on the order of about 10 6 to about 10 12 ohm/cm. and display a lack of hysteresis behavior.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
171 words
A process for preparing low density, magnetic, composite electrostatographic carrier particles comprising forming a mixture containing about 34 moles of SiO 2 , about 25 moles of B 2 O 3 , about 21 moles of CaO, about 8 moles of Al 2 O 3 , and about 12 moles of Fe 2 O 3 , melting said mixture by heating to a temperature of up to about 1350° C., quenching the melted mixture, grinding the quenched mixture to a particle size of between about 100 mesh and about 200 mesh, and heating the ground mixture at a temperature in the range of between about 600° C. and about 800° C. for up to about 24 hours to form aluminoboro-silicate glass particles containing a precipitated phase of Fe 3 O 4 superparamagnetic ferrite crystallites having an average particle size of up to about 500 A whereby said carrier particles have a resistivity on the order of about 10 6 to about 10 12 ohm/cm. and display a lack of hysteresis behavior.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
33 words
A process for preparing low density, magnetic, composite electrostatographic carrier particles in accordance with claim 1 wherein said carrier particles have a conductivity of greater than about 10 -10 ohm-cm at 25° C.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
35 words
A process for preparing low density, magnetic, composite electrostatographic carrier particles in accordance with claim 1 wherein said carrier particles have an average particle size of from between about 10 microns and about 850 microns.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
35 words
A process for preparing low density, magnetic, composite electrostatographic carrier particles in accordance with claim 1 wherein said carrier particles have an average bulk density of between about 2.5 and about 2.8 grams/cm 3 .
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
53 words
A process for preparing low density, magnetic, composite electrostatographic carrier particles in accordance with claim 1 wherein said ferrite crystallites are precipitates by heat treatment at a temperature of about 600° C. for up to about 24 hours followed by heat treatment at a temperature of about 700° C. for about 1 hour.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
28 words
A process for preparing low density, magnetic, composite electrostatographic carrier particles in accordance with claim 5 wherein said carrier particles exhibit saturation magnetization of about 16 electromagnetic units/gram.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
30 words
A process for preparing low density, magnetic, composite electrostatographic carrier particles in accordance with claim 5 wherein said carrier particles have an initial magnetic susceptibility of about 6×10 -2 emu/gm-oersted.
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USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1981-11-20 | 1982-05-22 | 1982-11-21 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1985-11-20 | 1986-05-22 | 1986-11-21 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1989-11-20 | 1990-05-22 | 1990-11-21 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |