US4122450A
Expired / Lapsed
US
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Infinite ratio clutter detecting system
Assignee: Raytheon Co
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Filing: 1975-06-16
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Granted: 1978-10-24
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Expires: 1995-06-16
Abstract
Abstract An automatic clutter detecting and mapping system in which the area being mapped is broken up into clutter mapping quantum areas with corresponding storage cells including reject codes for automatically rejecting clutter returns which may occur in intermittent or fading clutter occurring a small percentage of the time for example. For each clutter mapping cell a clutter count and a reject code are stored in a main memory and in a first mode which is searching for clutter the clutter count is incremented by eight in response to an input targert but is not decremented in the absence of a received target from that clutter mapping area. In any clutter mapping cell when the clutter count reaches a threshold within a selected number of scan periods, the reject code is set to the amplitude corresponding to the maximum amplitude target report received in that cell and provided by a temporary memory. At this time, the clutter count is set to the midrange of its threshold value and the operation goes into a second mode which is searching for changes in the amplitude of the clutter. In the second mode of operation the counter bits for each mapping cell are incremented and decremented by selected values as a function of the target amplitude, with the reject code being set to a new target amplitude value of the report when a threshold is reached and the counter is again set to mid range. If the counter value reaches zero and the clutter has faded, the reject bits are set to zero and the operation is returned to the first mode.
Inventors
- 👤 Francis W. Kowalski
- 👤 Richard D. Wilmot
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-30 05:32
CPC Classifications
G; G01; G01S; G01S7/00; G01S7/02; G01S7/28; G01S7/285; G01S7/292; G01S7/2923; G01S7/2927
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 16
Claim 1
Independent Claim
152 words
A target detection system operating with a surveillance radar providing target signals, said target detection system detecting the presence of clutter in each of a plurality of quantum areas in the surveillance area comprising a main memory for storing a clutter count and a reject code for each quantum area, clutter counter means coupled to said main memory and responsive to said target signals for incrementing the clutter count for the presence of target signals from a quantum area and inhibiting any change of the clutter count in the absence of a target signal from said quantum area, said clutter counter including means for providing said reject code when the clutter count reaches a threshold, scan counting means, and reset means coupled to said scan counting means and to said clutter counter means for resetting said clutter count if said count does not reach the threshold in a selected number of scans.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
152 words
A target detection system operating with a surveillance radar providing target signals, said target detection system detecting the presence of clutter in each of a plurality of quantum areas in the surveillance area comprising a main memory for storing a clutter count and a reject code for each quantum area, clutter counter means coupled to said main memory and responsive to said target signals for incrementing the clutter count for the presence of target signals from a quantum area and inhibiting any change of the clutter count in the absence of a target signal from said quantum area, said clutter counter including means for providing said reject code when the clutter count reaches a threshold, scan counting means, and reset means coupled to said scan counting means and to said clutter counter means for resetting said clutter count if said count does not reach the threshold in a selected number of scans.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
47 words
The combination of claim 1 further including a control gate coupled to said memory and to said radar for passing said target signals for each quantum area in the absence of a reject code and for rejecting said target signal in the presence of a reject code.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
74 words
The combination of claim 2 further including a temporary memory and target write control means coupled to said radar and to said temporary memory for writing the maximum target amplitude in said temporary memory for each quantum area, said means for providing said reject code being coupled to said target write control means for storing the maximum target amplitude in said main memory as the reject code in response to said clutter counter means.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
35 words
The combination of claim 3 in which said reset means includes means to reset said clutter count to a predetermined portion of the threshold count when a reject code is written into the main memory.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
78 words
The combination of claim 4 in which said clutter counter means includes means responsive for each quantum area to said reject code stored in said main memory to increment said clutter counter by a selected value in response to a target signal and to decrement said clutter count a selected value in the absence of a target signal and to change said reject code to a value indicating the absence of clutter when said target count reaches zero.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
43 words
The combination of claim 5 in which said clutter counter means includes means to write a new maximum target amplitude as the reject code amplitude in said main memory when said clutter count reaches said threshold during the presence of a reject code.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
233 words
A video mapping system for operation with a surveillance radar system adapted to cover a surveillance area including a plurality of quantum areas of equiangular radial segments being divided radially into an equal number of quantum sections representative of equal increments of range, said radar system developing quantized video target signals, comprising a main memory for storing a clutter count and a reject code for each quantum area, a temporary memory for storing a maximum target amplitude for a selected number of quantum areas, target control means coupled to said temporary memory for storing the maximum target amplitude therein for any quantum area, target counter means coupled to said main memory and to said radar system for incrementing the target count in response to each of said target signals and rewriting the previous target count in the absence of a target signal, said target counter means providing a target threshold signal when the target count is equal to a selected threshold, reject code control means coupled to said main memory, to said target control means and to said target counter means for writing the maximum target amplitude into said main memory as the reject code in response to said target threshold signal, and control means coupled to said main memory and to said radar system for inhibiting the passing of target signals in the presence of the reject code for each quantum area.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
233 words
A video mapping system for operation with a surveillance radar system adapted to cover a surveillance area including a plurality of quantum areas of equiangular radial segments being divided radially into an equal number of quantum sections representative of equal increments of range, said radar system developing quantized video target signals, comprising a main memory for storing a clutter count and a reject code for each quantum area, a temporary memory for storing a maximum target amplitude for a selected number of quantum areas, target control means coupled to said temporary memory for storing the maximum target amplitude therein for any quantum area, target counter means coupled to said main memory and to said radar system for incrementing the target count in response to each of said target signals and rewriting the previous target count in the absence of a target signal, said target counter means providing a target threshold signal when the target count is equal to a selected threshold, reject code control means coupled to said main memory, to said target control means and to said target counter means for writing the maximum target amplitude into said main memory as the reject code in response to said target threshold signal, and control means coupled to said main memory and to said radar system for inhibiting the passing of target signals in the presence of the reject code for each quantum area.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
39 words
The combination of claim 7 in which said target counter means includes means to set the target count to a selected proportion of the threshold for any quantum area when a reject code is written into the main memory.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
66 words
The combination of claim 8 further including a scan counter coupled to said radar system and a means in said target counter means for responding to each quantum area in the presence of a reject code in said main memory to increment the target count a selected amount and decrement said target count a selected amount in the respective presence and absence of a target signal.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
50 words
The combination of claim 9 including means in said reject code control means to write a new target amplitude in said main memory as said reject code, when the target count is greater than said threshold and when a reject code has been previously determined for the corresponding quantum area.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
27 words
The combination of claim 10 in which said reject code control means includes means to reset said reject code to zero when the target count reaches zero.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
185 words
A video mapping system for an energy receiving system in which an area being interrogated is divided into quantum areas comprising: memory means for storing a clutter count and a reject code for each quantum area, count forming means coupled to said memory means and to said energy receiving system for storing a clutter count for each quantum area, incrementing the stored count in response to a clutter signal and rewriting the stored count in the absence of a clutter signal, reject code control means coupled to said memory means and to said count forming means for writing a reject code in said memory means when said clutter count reaches a selected threshold, means in said count forming means to both increment and decrement the clutter count in response to the respective presence or absence of a clutter signal from a quantum area having a stored reject code, and means in said reject code control means to set the reject code to zero when the clutter count reaches zero for any quantum area having a reject code greater than zero stored in said memory means.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
185 words
A video mapping system for an energy receiving system in which an area being interrogated is divided into quantum areas comprising: memory means for storing a clutter count and a reject code for each quantum area, count forming means coupled to said memory means and to said energy receiving system for storing a clutter count for each quantum area, incrementing the stored count in response to a clutter signal and rewriting the stored count in the absence of a clutter signal, reject code control means coupled to said memory means and to said count forming means for writing a reject code in said memory means when said clutter count reaches a selected threshold, means in said count forming means to both increment and decrement the clutter count in response to the respective presence or absence of a clutter signal from a quantum area having a stored reject code, and means in said reject code control means to set the reject code to zero when the clutter count reaches zero for any quantum area having a reject code greater than zero stored in said memory means.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
29 words
The combination of claim 12 in which said memory means includes temporary memory means to determine said clutter signals as the maximum amplitude clutter signal for each quantum area.
References Cited (Backward Citations)
USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1981-10-23 | 1982-04-24 | 1982-10-24 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1985-10-23 | 1986-04-24 | 1986-10-24 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1989-10-23 | 1990-04-24 | 1990-10-24 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |