US4122043A
Expired / Lapsed
US
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Amidobetaine containing detergent composition non-toxic to aquatic life
Assignee: Polytrol Chemical Corp
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Filing: 1975-10-02
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Granted: 1978-10-24
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Expires: 1995-10-02
Abstract
Abstract An amphoteric surfactant system which, in use, is nontoxic to marine or aquatic life, and which contains as amphoteric surfactant at least one amido betaine of a specified class. Multipurpose detergent systems based upon such betaine and incorporating detergent builders and other adjuncts, all selected to be similarly nontoxic. Advantageously, the detergency builder is sodium hydroxide or a suitable sodium salt such as the carbonate, sesquicarbonate, tripolyphosphate, or other. Also advantageously there is incorporated a chelating agent which is advantageously a sodium salt or compound such as the sodium salt of EDTA; and other adjuncts, such as a soil-suspending agent or optical brightener, are also useful additives. A particular advantage of the composition according to this invention is that it provides washing effluents which are substantially nontoxic to marine or aquatic life, other than microorganisms. Also, there is provided a method for producing such nontoxic washing or detersive aqueous effluent or waste liquid that comprises washing a soiled material with water and a detergent composition comprising an amido betaine as described above and a detergent builder, advantageously comprising also a chelating agent and, if desired, an optical brightener or the like, and separating off the aqueous effluent.
Inventors
- 👤 Paul Kersnar
- 👤 Robert Joseph O'Connor
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-28 17:57
CPC Classifications
C; C11; C11D; C11D1/00; C11D1/88; C11D1/90; C11D3/00; C11D3/02; C11D3/04; C11D3/06; C11D3/16; C11D3/26; C11D3/33; C11D3/40; C11D3/42
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 56
Claim 1
Independent Claim
42 words
A heavy-duty detergent for cleaning fabrics while providing a wash-water effluent which is nontoxic to aquatic or marine life other than microorganisms, consisting essentially of: (a) from 10 to 25% by weight of at least one amido betaine of the formula ##STR5##
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
42 words
A heavy-duty detergent for cleaning fabrics while providing a wash-water effluent which is nontoxic to aquatic or marine life other than microorganisms, consisting essentially of: (a) from 10 to 25% by weight of at least one amido betaine of the formula ##STR5##
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
156 words
in which R 1 is an alkyl radical containing from 12 to 16 carbon atoms, R 2 is selected from the group consisting of a cycloalkyl ammonium radical and an alkyl radical containing from 2 to 4 carbon atoms, and R 3 and R 4 are each a radical selected from the group consisting of methyl, hydroxyethyl and alkali metal substituted glycidyl radicals, (b) from 20 to 60% by weight of a detergency builder selected from the group consisting of sodium hydroxide, sodium carbonate, sodium bicarbonate, sodium potassium carbonate and trisodium phosphate, (c) from 20 to 55% by weight of a chelating or sequestering agent selected from the group consisting of sodium tripolyphosphate, tetrasodium pyrophosphate, sodium salt of ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid, and the sodium salt of nitrilo-triacetic acid, and (d) from 0 to 2% of an optical brightener, the sodium to potassium ratio in said detergent being in the range of from 1:1 to 1:0.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
156 words
in which R 1 is an alkyl radical containing from 12 to 16 carbon atoms, R 2 is selected from the group consisting of a cycloalkyl ammonium radical and an alkyl radical containing from 2 to 4 carbon atoms, and R 3 and R 4 are each a radical selected from the group consisting of methyl, hydroxyethyl and alkali metal substituted glycidyl radicals, (b) from 20 to 60% by weight of a detergency builder selected from the group consisting of sodium hydroxide, sodium carbonate, sodium bicarbonate, sodium potassium carbonate and trisodium phosphate, (c) from 20 to 55% by weight of a chelating or sequestering agent selected from the group consisting of sodium tripolyphosphate, tetrasodium pyrophosphate, sodium salt of ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid, and the sodium salt of nitrilo-triacetic acid, and (d) from 0 to 2% of an optical brightener, the sodium to potassium ratio in said detergent being in the range of from 1:1 to 1:0.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
16 words
Composition as in claim 1 wherein said amido betaine is coconut oil fatty acid amido betaine.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
17 words
Composition as in claim 1 wherein said amido betaine is coconut oil fatty acid amido glycine betaine.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
42 words
A heavy-duty detergent for cleaning fabrics while providing a wash-water effluent which is nontoxic to aquatic or marine life other than microorganisms, consisting essentially of: (a) from 10 to 25% by weight of at least one amido betaine of the formula ##STR6##
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
42 words
A heavy-duty detergent for cleaning fabrics while providing a wash-water effluent which is nontoxic to aquatic or marine life other than microorganisms, consisting essentially of: (a) from 10 to 25% by weight of at least one amido betaine of the formula ##STR6##
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
140 words
in which R 1 is an alkyl radical containing from 12 to 18 carbon atoms, R 2 is selected from the group consisting of a cycloalkyl ammonium radical and an alkyl radical containing from 2 to 4 carbon atoms, and R 3 and R 4 are each a radical selected from the group consisting of methyl, hydroxyethyl and alkali metal substituted glycidyl radicals, (b) from 20 to 60% by weight of sodium hydroxide as detergency builder, (c) from 20 to 55% by weight of a chelating or sequestering agent selected from the group consisting of sodium tripolyphosphate, tetrasodium pyrophosphate, sodium salt of ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid, and the sodium salt of nitrilo-triacetic acid, and (d) from 0 to 2% of an optical brightener, the sodium to potassium ratio in said detergent being in the range of from 1:1 to 1:0.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
140 words
in which R 1 is an alkyl radical containing from 12 to 18 carbon atoms, R 2 is selected from the group consisting of a cycloalkyl ammonium radical and an alkyl radical containing from 2 to 4 carbon atoms, and R 3 and R 4 are each a radical selected from the group consisting of methyl, hydroxyethyl and alkali metal substituted glycidyl radicals, (b) from 20 to 60% by weight of sodium hydroxide as detergency builder, (c) from 20 to 55% by weight of a chelating or sequestering agent selected from the group consisting of sodium tripolyphosphate, tetrasodium pyrophosphate, sodium salt of ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid, and the sodium salt of nitrilo-triacetic acid, and (d) from 0 to 2% of an optical brightener, the sodium to potassium ratio in said detergent being in the range of from 1:1 to 1:0.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
11 words
Composition as in claim 1 wherein said builder is sodium carbonate.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
12 words
Composition as in claim 1 wherein said builder is sodium potassium carbonate.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
131 words
A heavy-duty detergent composition adapted to provide a washing effluent having a sodium to potassium molar ratio of at least 1:1, consisting essentially of from about 10 to 25% by weight of at least one amido betaine selected from the group consisting of coconut oil fatty acid amido betaine, coconut oil fatty acid amido glycine betaine, laurylamido betaine, myristylamido betaine and cocoyl amido cycloalkylammonium carboxymethyl betaine from about 20 to 60% by weight of a detergent builder selected from the group consisting of sodium hydroxide, sodium carbonate, sodium bicarbonate, sodium potassium carbonate and trisodium phosphate, and from about 20 to 55% by weight of a chelating agent selected from the group consisting of sodium tripolyphosphate, tetrasodium pyrophosphate, sodium salt of ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid, and the sodium salt of nitrilo-triacetic acid.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
131 words
A heavy-duty detergent composition adapted to provide a washing effluent having a sodium to potassium molar ratio of at least 1:1, consisting essentially of from about 10 to 25% by weight of at least one amido betaine selected from the group consisting of coconut oil fatty acid amido betaine, coconut oil fatty acid amido glycine betaine, laurylamido betaine, myristylamido betaine and cocoyl amido cycloalkylammonium carboxymethyl betaine from about 20 to 60% by weight of a detergent builder selected from the group consisting of sodium hydroxide, sodium carbonate, sodium bicarbonate, sodium potassium carbonate and trisodium phosphate, and from about 20 to 55% by weight of a chelating agent selected from the group consisting of sodium tripolyphosphate, tetrasodium pyrophosphate, sodium salt of ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid, and the sodium salt of nitrilo-triacetic acid.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
18 words
Composition as in claim 7 wherein said chelating agent is the sodium salt of ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
12 words
Composition as in claim 7 wherein said chelating agent is sodium tripolyphosphate.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
14 words
The composition of claim 7 containing also a small amount of an optical brightener.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
15 words
The composition of claim 7 containing from 0 to about 2.0% of an optical brightener.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
51 words
A heavy-duty detergent composition adapted to provide a washing effluent having a molar ratio of sodium to potassium of at least 1:1, consisting essentially of 2.88% coco fatty amido betaine, 5.0% sodium salt of ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid, 12.0% sodium hydroxide, 0.2% optical brightener and the remainder water to 100% total.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
51 words
A heavy-duty detergent composition adapted to provide a washing effluent having a molar ratio of sodium to potassium of at least 1:1, consisting essentially of 2.88% coco fatty amido betaine, 5.0% sodium salt of ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid, 12.0% sodium hydroxide, 0.2% optical brightener and the remainder water to 100% total.
Claim 21
Dependent Claim
49 words
A heavy-duty detergent composition adapted to provide a washing effluent having a sodium to potassium molar ratio of at least 1:1, consisting essentially of 8% coco fatty amido betaine, 5.0% sodium salt of ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid, 15% sodium potassium carbonate and 0.2% optical brightener, and water to 100%.
Claim 22
Dependent Claim
49 words
A heavy-duty detergent composition adapted to provide a washing effluent having a sodium to potassium molar ratio of at least 1:1, consisting essentially of 8% coco fatty amido betaine, 5.0% sodium salt of ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid, 15% sodium potassium carbonate and 0.2% optical brightener, and water to 100%.
Claim 23
Dependent Claim
61 words
A heavy-duty laundry detergent providing a wash-water effluent having a sodium-to-potassium mol ratio of at least 1:1 and which is nontoxic to aquatic or marine life, consisting essentially of 21.5% by weight of 60% active cocoamido carboxymethyl betaine, 23% by weight of tetrasodium salt of ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid, 54.6% by weight of sodium hydroxide, and 0.9% by weight optical brightener.
Claim 24
Dependent Claim
61 words
A heavy-duty laundry detergent providing a wash-water effluent having a sodium-to-potassium mol ratio of at least 1:1 and which is nontoxic to aquatic or marine life, consisting essentially of 21.5% by weight of 60% active cocoamido carboxymethyl betaine, 23% by weight of tetrasodium salt of ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid, 54.6% by weight of sodium hydroxide, and 0.9% by weight optical brightener.
Claim 25
Dependent Claim
64 words
A heavy-duty detergent especially adapted to rug washing, and providing a wash-water effluent having a sodium-to-potassium mol ratio of at least 1:1 and which is tolerated by aquatic or marine life, consisting essentially of 4.8% by weight cocoamido carboxymethyl betaine, 5.0% by weight of the sodium salt of ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid, 15.0% by weight potassium sodium carbonate, 0.2% optical brightener and 75.0% water.
Claim 26
Dependent Claim
64 words
A heavy-duty detergent especially adapted to rug washing, and providing a wash-water effluent having a sodium-to-potassium mol ratio of at least 1:1 and which is tolerated by aquatic or marine life, consisting essentially of 4.8% by weight cocoamido carboxymethyl betaine, 5.0% by weight of the sodium salt of ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid, 15.0% by weight potassium sodium carbonate, 0.2% optical brightener and 75.0% water.
Claim 27
Dependent Claim
66 words
A heavy-duty detergent adapted to rug washing, having very good cleansing power and providing a wash-water effluent having a sodium-to-potassium mol ratio of at least 1:1 and which is nontoxic to aquatic or marine life, consisting essentially of 4.8% by weight cocoamido carboxymethyl betaine, 15.0% by weight sodium carbonate, 25.0% by weight sodium tripolyphosphate, and 0.2% by weight optical brightener and 55.0% by weight sodium chloride.
Claim 28
Dependent Claim
66 words
A heavy-duty detergent adapted to rug washing, having very good cleansing power and providing a wash-water effluent having a sodium-to-potassium mol ratio of at least 1:1 and which is nontoxic to aquatic or marine life, consisting essentially of 4.8% by weight cocoamido carboxymethyl betaine, 15.0% by weight sodium carbonate, 25.0% by weight sodium tripolyphosphate, and 0.2% by weight optical brightener and 55.0% by weight sodium chloride.
Claim 29
Dependent Claim
69 words
A heavy-duty detergent which is nontoxic to aquatic or marine life and is adapted to support 100% fish survival in a standard Fish Bio-Assay Test, consisting essentially of 4.65% by weight of an amido betaine selected from the group consisting of coco fatty amido betaine and coco fatty amido glycine betaine, 3.8% by weight sodium salt of ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid, 10.0% sodium hydroxide, and balance water to 100%.
Claim 30
Dependent Claim
69 words
A heavy-duty detergent which is nontoxic to aquatic or marine life and is adapted to support 100% fish survival in a standard Fish Bio-Assay Test, consisting essentially of 4.65% by weight of an amido betaine selected from the group consisting of coco fatty amido betaine and coco fatty amido glycine betaine, 3.8% by weight sodium salt of ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid, 10.0% sodium hydroxide, and balance water to 100%.
Claim 31
Dependent Claim
233 words
Method for washing objects and providing a washing effluent which is nontoxic to aquatic or marine life, which comprises water-washing a soiled or stained material with a water solution of a heavy-duty detergent composition consisting essentially of (a) from about 10 to 25% by weight of at least one amido betaine of the formula: ##STR7## in which R 1 is an alkyl radical containing from 12 to 18 carbon atoms, R 2 is selected from the group consisting of a cycloalkyl ammonium radical and an alkyl radical containing from 2 to 4 carbon atoms, and R 3 and R 4 are each a radical selected from the group consisting of methyl, hydroxyethyl and alkali metal substituted glycidyl radicals, (b) from about 20 to 60% by weight of a detergency builder selected from the group consisting of sodium hydroxide, sodium carbonate, sodium bicarbonate, sodium potassium carbonate and trisodium phosphate, and (c) from about 20 to 55% by weight of a chelating or sequestering agent selected from the group consisting of sodium tripolyphosphate, tetrasodium pyrophosphate, sodium salt of ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid, and the sodium salt of nitrilo-triacetic acid, and (d) from 0 to 2% optical brightener, said weight percents being based on the total dry weight of said detergent composition; and separating of said washing effluent, the sodium to potassium ratio in said detergent composition being in the range of from 1:1 to 1:0.
Claim 32
Dependent Claim
233 words
Method for washing objects and providing a washing effluent which is nontoxic to aquatic or marine life, which comprises water-washing a soiled or stained material with a water solution of a heavy-duty detergent composition consisting essentially of (a) from about 10 to 25% by weight of at least one amido betaine of the formula: ##STR7## in which R 1 is an alkyl radical containing from 12 to 18 carbon atoms, R 2 is selected from the group consisting of a cycloalkyl ammonium radical and an alkyl radical containing from 2 to 4 carbon atoms, and R 3 and R 4 are each a radical selected from the group consisting of methyl, hydroxyethyl and alkali metal substituted glycidyl radicals, (b) from about 20 to 60% by weight of a detergency builder selected from the group consisting of sodium hydroxide, sodium carbonate, sodium bicarbonate, sodium potassium carbonate and trisodium phosphate, and (c) from about 20 to 55% by weight of a chelating or sequestering agent selected from the group consisting of sodium tripolyphosphate, tetrasodium pyrophosphate, sodium salt of ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid, and the sodium salt of nitrilo-triacetic acid, and (d) from 0 to 2% optical brightener, said weight percents being based on the total dry weight of said detergent composition; and separating of said washing effluent, the sodium to potassium ratio in said detergent composition being in the range of from 1:1 to 1:0.
Claim 33
Dependent Claim
15 words
Method as in claim 18 wherein said amido betaine is coconut oil fatty amido betaine.
Claim 34
Dependent Claim
216 words
Method for washing objects and providing a washing effluent which is nontoxic to aquatic or marine life, which comprises water-washing a soiled or stained material with a water solution of a heavy-duty detergent composition consisting essentially of (a) from about 10 to 25% by weight of at least one amido betaine of the formula: ##STR8## in which R 1 is an alkyl radical containing from 12 to 18 carbon atoms, R 2 is selected from the group consisting of a cycloalkyl ammonium radical and an alkyl radical containing from 2 to 4 carbon atoms, and R 3 and R 4 are each a radical selected from the group consisting of methyl, hydroxyethyl and alkali metal substituted glycidyl radicals, (b) from about 20 to 60% by weight of sodium hydroxide as detergency builder, (c) from about 20 to 55% by weight of a chelating or sequestering agent selected from the group consisting of sodium tripolyphosphate, tetrasodium pyrophosphate, sodium salt of ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid, and the sodium salt of nitrilo-triacetic acid, and (d) from 0 to 2% optical brightener, said weight percents being based on the total dry weight of said detergent composition; and separating off said washing effluent, the sodium to potassium ratio in said detergent composition being in the range of from 1:1 to 1:0.
Claim 35
Dependent Claim
216 words
Method for washing objects and providing a washing effluent which is nontoxic to aquatic or marine life, which comprises water-washing a soiled or stained material with a water solution of a heavy-duty detergent composition consisting essentially of (a) from about 10 to 25% by weight of at least one amido betaine of the formula: ##STR8## in which R 1 is an alkyl radical containing from 12 to 18 carbon atoms, R 2 is selected from the group consisting of a cycloalkyl ammonium radical and an alkyl radical containing from 2 to 4 carbon atoms, and R 3 and R 4 are each a radical selected from the group consisting of methyl, hydroxyethyl and alkali metal substituted glycidyl radicals, (b) from about 20 to 60% by weight of sodium hydroxide as detergency builder, (c) from about 20 to 55% by weight of a chelating or sequestering agent selected from the group consisting of sodium tripolyphosphate, tetrasodium pyrophosphate, sodium salt of ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid, and the sodium salt of nitrilo-triacetic acid, and (d) from 0 to 2% optical brightener, said weight percents being based on the total dry weight of said detergent composition; and separating off said washing effluent, the sodium to potassium ratio in said detergent composition being in the range of from 1:1 to 1:0.
Claim 36
Dependent Claim
11 words
Method as in claim 18 wherein said builder is sodium carbonate.
Claim 37
Dependent Claim
12 words
Method as in claim 18 wherein said builder is sodium potassium carbonate.
Claim 38
Dependent Claim
18 words
Method as in claim 18 wherein said sequestering agent is the sodium salt of ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid.
Claim 39
Dependent Claim
12 words
Method as in claim 18 wherein said sequestering agent is sodium tripolyphosphate.
Claim 40
Dependent Claim
38 words
A heavy-duty detergent composition adapted to provide a washing effluent having a molar ratio of sodium to potassium of at least 1:1, consisting essentially of an admixture of (a) at least one amido betaine of the formula ##STR9##
Claim 41
Dependent Claim
38 words
A heavy-duty detergent composition adapted to provide a washing effluent having a molar ratio of sodium to potassium of at least 1:1, consisting essentially of an admixture of (a) at least one amido betaine of the formula ##STR9##
Claim 42
Dependent Claim
191 words
in which R 1 is an alkyl radical containing from 12 to 16 carbon atoms, R 2 is selected from the group consisting of a cycloalkyl ammonium radical and an alkyl radical containing from 2 to 4 carbon atoms, and R 3 and R 4 are each a radical selected from the group consisting of methyl, hydroxyethyl and alkali metal substituted glycidyl radicals, (b) a detergency builder selected from the group consisting of sodium hydroxide, sodium carbonate, sodium bicarbonate, sodium potassium carbonate and trisodium phosphate, (c) a chelating or sequestering agent selected from the group consisting of sodium tripolyphosphate, tetrasodium pyrophosphate, sodium salt of ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid, and the sodium salt of nitrilo-triacetic acid, and (d) from 0 to 2% by weight of an optical brightener, (e) such (a), (b), and (c) components being present in amounts to provide in a washing water liquid from 2.5 to 600 mg per liter (a), from 20 to 1500 mg per liter (b), and from 3 to 625 mg per liter (c), (f) said detergent composition being incorporated in a concentration in the washing water of from 100 to 12,500 mg per liter.
Claim 43
Dependent Claim
191 words
in which R 1 is an alkyl radical containing from 12 to 16 carbon atoms, R 2 is selected from the group consisting of a cycloalkyl ammonium radical and an alkyl radical containing from 2 to 4 carbon atoms, and R 3 and R 4 are each a radical selected from the group consisting of methyl, hydroxyethyl and alkali metal substituted glycidyl radicals, (b) a detergency builder selected from the group consisting of sodium hydroxide, sodium carbonate, sodium bicarbonate, sodium potassium carbonate and trisodium phosphate, (c) a chelating or sequestering agent selected from the group consisting of sodium tripolyphosphate, tetrasodium pyrophosphate, sodium salt of ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid, and the sodium salt of nitrilo-triacetic acid, and (d) from 0 to 2% by weight of an optical brightener, (e) such (a), (b), and (c) components being present in amounts to provide in a washing water liquid from 2.5 to 600 mg per liter (a), from 20 to 1500 mg per liter (b), and from 3 to 625 mg per liter (c), (f) said detergent composition being incorporated in a concentration in the washing water of from 100 to 12,500 mg per liter.
Claim 44
Dependent Claim
11 words
Composition as in claim 25 wherein said betaine is cocofattyamido betaine.
Claim 45
Dependent Claim
12 words
Composition as in claim 25 wherein said betaine is cocoamido carboxymethyl betaine.
Claim 46
Dependent Claim
11 words
Composition as in claim 25 wherein said builder is sodium hydroxide.
Claim 47
Dependent Claim
12 words
Composition as in claim 25 wherein said builder is sodium potassium carbonate.
Claim 48
Dependent Claim
11 words
Composition as in claim 25 wherein said builder is sodium carbonate.
Claim 49
Dependent Claim
18 words
Composition as in claim 25 wherein said chelating agent is the sodium salt of ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid.
Claim 50
Dependent Claim
12 words
Composition as in claim 25 wherein said chelating agent is sodium tripolyphosphate.
Claim 51
Dependent Claim
121 words
A heavy-duty detergent composition which provides a washing effluent having a sodium-to-potassium molar ratio of at least 1:1, consisting essentially of at least one modified betaine from the group consisting of coconut oil fatty acid amido betaine, coconut oil fatty acid amido glycine betaine, laurylamido betaine, myristylamido betaine and cocoyl amido cycloalkyl-ammonium carboxymethyl betaine, a detergent builder chosen from the group consisting of sodium hydroxide, sodium carbonate, sodium bicarbonate, sodium potassium carbonate and trisodium phosphate, and a sodium compound chelating agent, said composition providing a wash effluent which is nontoxic to aquatic or marine life other than microorganisms and having heavy-duty detersive action to remove stains and soils from materials being washed when present in washing water in an effective concentration.
Claim 52
Dependent Claim
121 words
A heavy-duty detergent composition which provides a washing effluent having a sodium-to-potassium molar ratio of at least 1:1, consisting essentially of at least one modified betaine from the group consisting of coconut oil fatty acid amido betaine, coconut oil fatty acid amido glycine betaine, laurylamido betaine, myristylamido betaine and cocoyl amido cycloalkyl-ammonium carboxymethyl betaine, a detergent builder chosen from the group consisting of sodium hydroxide, sodium carbonate, sodium bicarbonate, sodium potassium carbonate and trisodium phosphate, and a sodium compound chelating agent, said composition providing a wash effluent which is nontoxic to aquatic or marine life other than microorganisms and having heavy-duty detersive action to remove stains and soils from materials being washed when present in washing water in an effective concentration.
Claim 53
Dependent Claim
27 words
A heavy-duty detergent composition as in claim 33 wherein said composition is present in the washing in a concentration of from 100 to 12,500 mg per liter.
Claim 54
Dependent Claim
25 words
A heavy-duty detergent composition as in claim 34 wherein said modified betaine is present in a concentration of from 2.5 to 600 mg per liter.
Claim 55
Dependent Claim
24 words
A heavy-duty detergent composition as in claim 34 wherein said builder is present in an amount of from 20 to 1500 mg per liter.
Claim 56
Dependent Claim
25 words
A heavy-duty detergent composition as in claim 34 wherein said chelating agent is present in an amount of from 3.0 to 625 mg per liter.
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USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1981-10-23 | 1982-04-24 | 1982-10-24 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1985-10-23 | 1986-04-24 | 1986-10-24 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1989-10-23 | 1990-04-24 | 1990-10-24 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |