US4115444A
Expired / Lapsed
US
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Process for preparing carboxylic acid anhydrides
Assignee: Halcon Research and Development Corp
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Filing: 1976-02-05
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Granted: 1978-09-19
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Expires: 1996-02-05
Abstract
Abstract A carboxylic acid anhydride such as acetic anhydride, is prepared from a carboxylate ester or a hydrocarbyl ether in carbonylation processes comprising the use of a halide, carbon monoxide and a Group VIII noble metal in the presence of promoters comprising at least one metal of Groups IVB, VB, and VIB or a non-noble metal of Group VIII, or their compounds and an organo-nitrogen compound or an organo-phosphorus compound wherein the nitrogen and phosphorus are trivalent.
Inventors
- 👤 Nabil Rizkalla
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-31 22:00
CPC Classifications
C; C07; C07C; C07C53/00; C07C53/12; B; B01; B01J; B01J31/00; B01J31/16; B01J31/18; B01J31/1805; B01J31/181; B01J31/24; B01J31/2404; C07C51/00; C07C51/54; C07C51/56; B01J2531/00; B01J2531/60; B01J2531/62; B01J2531/80; B01J2531/82; B01J2531/822; B01J2531/824; B01J2531/827; B01J2531/84; B01J2531/842; B01J2531/845; B01J2531/847
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 29
Claim 1
Independent Claim
103 words
In a process for the preparation of an anhydride of a monocarboxylic acid by reacting carbon monoxide, a halide which is an iodide or bromide and a compound selected from the group consisting of a carboxylate ester and a hydrocarbyl ether, under substantially anhydrous conditions in the presence of a Group VIII noble metal catalyst the improvement which comprises carrying out the reaction in the presence of a multiple promoter comprising (1) at least one metal of Group VIB or a non-noble metal of Group VIII and (2) an organo-nitrogen compound or an organo-phosphorus compound wherein the nitrogen and the phosphorus are trivalent.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
103 words
In a process for the preparation of an anhydride of a monocarboxylic acid by reacting carbon monoxide, a halide which is an iodide or bromide and a compound selected from the group consisting of a carboxylate ester and a hydrocarbyl ether, under substantially anhydrous conditions in the presence of a Group VIII noble metal catalyst the improvement which comprises carrying out the reaction in the presence of a multiple promoter comprising (1) at least one metal of Group VIB or a non-noble metal of Group VIII and (2) an organo-nitrogen compound or an organo-phosphorus compound wherein the nitrogen and the phosphorus are trivalent.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
15 words
A process as defined in claim 1, wherein the Group VIII noble metal is rhodium.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
15 words
A process as defined in claim 1, wherein the Group VIII noble metal is iridium.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
14 words
A process as defined in claim 1, wherein the halide is a hydrocarbyl halide.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
28 words
A process as defined in claim 1, wherein the metal component of the multiple promoter is a metal of Group VIB or a non-noble metal of Group VIII.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
27 words
A process as defined in claim 1, wherein the metal component of the multiple promoter is selected from the group consisting of chromium, iron, cobalt and nickel.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
17 words
A process as defined in claim 1, wherein the metal component of the multiple promoter is chromium.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
48 words
A process as defined in claim 1, wherein the organo-nitrogen compound component of the multiple promoter is selected from the group consisting of an amine, an imidazole, an imide, a nitrile, an amide and an oxime and the organo-phosphorus compound component of the multiple promoter is a phosphine.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
105 words
In a process for the preparation of a lower alkanoic anhydride by reacting carbon monoxide, a halide which is an iodide or a bromide, and a compound selected from the group consisting of a lower alkyl lower alkanoate and a lower alkyl ether, under substantially anhydrous conditions in the presence of a Group VIII noble metal catalyst, the improvement which comprises carrying out the reaction in the presence of a multiple promoter comprising (1) at least one metal of Group VIB or a non-noble metal of Group VIII and (2) an organo-nitrogen compound or an organo-phosphorus compound wherein the nitrogen and the phosphorus are trivalent.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
105 words
In a process for the preparation of a lower alkanoic anhydride by reacting carbon monoxide, a halide which is an iodide or a bromide, and a compound selected from the group consisting of a lower alkyl lower alkanoate and a lower alkyl ether, under substantially anhydrous conditions in the presence of a Group VIII noble metal catalyst, the improvement which comprises carrying out the reaction in the presence of a multiple promoter comprising (1) at least one metal of Group VIB or a non-noble metal of Group VIII and (2) an organo-nitrogen compound or an organo-phosphorus compound wherein the nitrogen and the phosphorus are trivalent.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
15 words
A process as defined in claim 9, wherein the Group VIII noble metal is rhodium.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
15 words
A process as defined in claim 9, wherein the Group VIII noble metal is palladium.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
14 words
A process as defined in claim 9, wherein the halide is a hydrocarbyl halide.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
28 words
A process as defined in claim 9, wherein the metal component of the multiple promoter is a metal of Group VIB or a non-noble metal of Group VIII.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
27 words
A process as defined in claim 9, wherein the metal component of the multiple promoter is selected from the group consisting of chromium, iron, cobalt and nickel.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
17 words
A process as defined in claim 9, wherein the metal component of the multiple promoter is chromium.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
48 words
A process as defined in claim 9, wherein the organo-nitrogen compound component of the multiple promoter is selected from the group consisting of an amine, an imidazole, an imide, a nitrile, an amide and an oxime and the organo-phosphorus compound component of the multiple promoter is a phosphine.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
97 words
In a process for the preparation of acetic anhydride by reacting carbon monoxide, a halide which is an iodide or a bromide and a compound slected from the group consisting of methyl acetate and dimethyl ether, under substantially anhydrous conditions in the presence of a Group VIII noble metal, the improvement which comprises carrying out the reaction in the presence of a multiple promoter comprising (1) at least one metal of Group VIB or a non-noble metal of Group VIII and (2) an organo-nitrogen compound or an organo-phosphorus compound wherein the nitrogen and the phosphorus are trivalent.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
97 words
In a process for the preparation of acetic anhydride by reacting carbon monoxide, a halide which is an iodide or a bromide and a compound slected from the group consisting of methyl acetate and dimethyl ether, under substantially anhydrous conditions in the presence of a Group VIII noble metal, the improvement which comprises carrying out the reaction in the presence of a multiple promoter comprising (1) at least one metal of Group VIB or a non-noble metal of Group VIII and (2) an organo-nitrogen compound or an organo-phosphorus compound wherein the nitrogen and the phosphorus are trivalent.
Claim 21
Dependent Claim
15 words
A process as defined in claim 17, wherein the Group VIII noble metal is rhodium.
Claim 22
Dependent Claim
15 words
A process as defined in claim 17, wherein the Group VIII noble metal is iridium.
Claim 23
Dependent Claim
14 words
A process as defined in claim 17, wherein the halide is a hydrocarbyl halide.
Claim 24
Dependent Claim
27 words
A process as defined in claim 17, wherein the metal component of the multiple promoter is a metal Group VIB or a non-noble metal of Group VIII.
Claim 25
Dependent Claim
27 words
A process as defined in claim 17, wherein the metal component of the multiple promoter is selected from the group consisting of chromium, iron, cobalt and nickel.
Claim 26
Dependent Claim
17 words
A process as defined in claim 17, wherein the metal component of the multiple promoter is chromium.
Claim 27
Dependent Claim
48 words
A process as defined in claim 17, wherein the organo-nitrogen compound component of the multiple promoter is selected from the group consisting of an amine, an imidazole, an imide, a nitrile, an amide and an oxime and the organo-phosphorus compound component of the multiple promoter is a phosphine.
Claim 28
Dependent Claim
15 words
A process as defined in claim 17, wherein the Group VIII noble metal is palladium.
Claim 29
Dependent Claim
15 words
A process as defined in claim 1, wherein the Group VIII noble metal is palladium.
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USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1981-09-18 | 1982-03-20 | 1982-09-19 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1985-09-18 | 1986-03-20 | 1986-09-19 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1989-09-18 | 1990-03-20 | 1990-09-19 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |