US4113585A
Expired / Lapsed
US
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Method and apparatus for electrolysis of alkali or alkaline earth metal halide
Assignee: EIDP Inc
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Filing: 1977-09-21
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Granted: 1978-09-12
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Expires: 1997-09-21
Abstract
Abstract An ion exchange film comprises a fluorine-containing polymer with (1) ion exchange sites present in a first layer as N-monosubstituted sulfonamido groups or salt thereof formed through reaction of a primary amine and (2) ion exchange sites present in a second layer of the film other than as said N-monosubstituted group or salt thereof. The film is suitable as a separator in a cell for electrolysis of an alkali or alkaline earth metal halide particularly sodium chloride in producing hydrogen, chlorine and caustic soda. In making concentrated caustic soda, high current efficiencies have been obtained in operation of the cell.
Inventors
- 👤 Paul Raphael Resnick
- 👤 Walther Gustav Grot
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-25 12:31
CPC Classifications
C; C08; C08J; C08J5/00; C08J5/20; C08J5/22; C08J5/2287; C08J5/2293; C25; C25B; C25B1/00; C25B1/01; C25B1/34; C25B1/46; C08J2327/00; C08J2327/02; C08J2327/12; C08J2327/18
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 29
Claim 1
Independent Claim
150 words
In a process of production of halogen and metal hydroxide of an alkali, alkaline earth metal, or combinations thereof, by electrolysis of a halide of said metal employing separate anode and cathode sections in an electrolytic cell, the improvement comprising passing ions of said metal through a film comprising a fluorine-containing polymer containing pendant side chains with sulfonyl groups attached to a carbon atom having at least one fluorine atom connected thereto, at least 40% of the sulfonyl groups in a first layer of said film in a thickness of at least 200 angstroms present as ion exchange sites of a salt of said metal of N-monosubstituted sulfonamido groups formed through reaction of a primary amine and at least a majority of the sulfonyl groups in a second layer of said film present as ion exchange sites in ionic form, said first layer facing the cathode portion of the cell.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
150 words
In a process of production of halogen and metal hydroxide of an alkali, alkaline earth metal, or combinations thereof, by electrolysis of a halide of said metal employing separate anode and cathode sections in an electrolytic cell, the improvement comprising passing ions of said metal through a film comprising a fluorine-containing polymer containing pendant side chains with sulfonyl groups attached to a carbon atom having at least one fluorine atom connected thereto, at least 40% of the sulfonyl groups in a first layer of said film in a thickness of at least 200 angstroms present as ion exchange sites of a salt of said metal of N-monosubstituted sulfonamido groups formed through reaction of a primary amine and at least a majority of the sulfonyl groups in a second layer of said film present as ion exchange sites in ionic form, said first layer facing the cathode portion of the cell.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
27 words
The process of claim 1 wherein the first layer of said film is present to a depth of 0.1 to 30% of the thickness of the film.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
20 words
The process of claim 2 wherein the first layer of said film has a thickness of 0.002 to 0.02 inches.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
30 words
The process of claim 3 wherein at least 90% of the sulfonyl groups in the first layer of said film are present as the salt of the N-monosubstituted sulfonamido groups.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
30 words
The process of claim 4 wherein at least 99% of the sulfonyl groups in the first layer of said film are present as the salt of the N-monosubstituted sulfonamido groups.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
15 words
The process of claim 1 wherein the amine is a di-, tri- or polyfunctional amine.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
12 words
The process of claim 6 wherein the amine is a difunctional amine.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
30 words
The process of claim 7 wherein the amine is a diamine of the formula NH 2 (CH 2 ) n CH 2 with n an integer from 2 to 10.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
45 words
The process of claim 1 wherein said sulfonyl groups in the second layer are present as --(SO 2 NH) m Q or --(SO 3 ) n Me, Q and Me represent ions of said metal and m and n represent the valence of said metal.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
17 words
The process of claim 9 wherein said first and second layers extend from surfaces of said film.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
23 words
The process of claim 1 wherein the amine is selected from methyl amine, ethyl amine, ethylene diamine, butylamine, 2-methoxyethylamine, hexamethylene diamine or cyclohexylamine.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
11 words
The process of claim 11 wherein the amine is ethylene diamine.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
11 words
The process of claim 1 wherein said fluorine-containing polymer is perfluorinated.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
17 words
The process of claim 13 wherein said fluorine-containing polymer is a copolymer of tetrafluoroethylene and perfluoro(3,6-dioxa-4-methyl-7-octenesulfonyl fluoride).
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
17 words
The process of claim 1 wherein the thickness of the first layer is at least one micron.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
22 words
The process of claim 1 wherein sulfonyl groups in the second layer are present as --SO 3 Na or --SO 3 K.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
120 words
An electrolytic cell comprising a housing with separate anode and cathode sections, said cell separated by a film comprising a fluorine-containing polymer containing pendant side chains with sulfonyl groups attached to a carbon atom having at least one fluorine atom connected thereto, at least 40% of the sulfonyl groups in a first layer of said film in a thickness of at least 200 angstroms present as ion exchange sites of a salt of said metal of N-monosubstituted sulfonamido groups formed through reaction of a primary amine and at least a majority of the sulfonyl groups in a second layer of said film present as ion exchange sites in ionic form, said first layer facing the cathode portion of the cell.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
120 words
An electrolytic cell comprising a housing with separate anode and cathode sections, said cell separated by a film comprising a fluorine-containing polymer containing pendant side chains with sulfonyl groups attached to a carbon atom having at least one fluorine atom connected thereto, at least 40% of the sulfonyl groups in a first layer of said film in a thickness of at least 200 angstroms present as ion exchange sites of a salt of said metal of N-monosubstituted sulfonamido groups formed through reaction of a primary amine and at least a majority of the sulfonyl groups in a second layer of said film present as ion exchange sites in ionic form, said first layer facing the cathode portion of the cell.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
27 words
The cell of claim 17 wherein the first layer of said film is present to a depth of 0.1 to 30% of the thickness of the film.
Claim 21
Dependent Claim
20 words
The cell of claim 18 wherein the first layer of said film has a thickness of 0.002 to 0.02 inches.
Claim 22
Dependent Claim
30 words
The cell of claim 19 wherein at least 90% of the sulfonyl groups in the first layer of said film are present as the salt of the N-monosubstituted sulfonamido groups.
Claim 23
Dependent Claim
30 words
The cell of claim 20 wherein at least 99% of the sulfonyl groups in the first layer of said film are present as the salt of the N-monosubstituted sulfonamido groups.
Claim 24
Dependent Claim
49 words
The cell of claim 17 wherein said sulfonyl groups in the second layer are present as --(SO 2 NH) m Q or --(SO 3 ) n Me, Q and Me represent ions of an alkali or alkaline earth metal and m iand n represent the valence of said metal.
Claim 25
Dependent Claim
17 words
The cell of claim 22 wherein said first and second layers extend from surfaces of said film.
Claim 26
Dependent Claim
17 words
The cell of claim 17 wherein the thickness of the first layer is at least one micron.
Claim 27
Dependent Claim
12 words
The cell of claim 17 wherein said fluorine containing polymer is perfluorinated.
Claim 28
Dependent Claim
17 words
The cell of claim 25 wherein said fluorine-containing polymer is a copolymer of tetrafluoroethylene and perfluoro(3,6-dioxa-4-methyl-7-octenesulfonyl fluoride).
Claim 29
Dependent Claim
22 words
The cell of claim 17 wherein sulfonyl groups in the second layer are present as --SO 3 Na or --So 3 K.
References Cited (Backward Citations)
USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1981-09-11 | 1982-03-13 | 1982-09-12 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1985-09-11 | 1986-03-13 | 1986-09-12 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1989-09-11 | 1990-03-13 | 1990-09-12 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |