US4113534A
Expired / Lapsed
US
⏱️ 0.0 years remaining
Paper pulp insulated cable and method of manufacture
Assignee: Nortel Networks Ltd
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Filing: 1976-03-31
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Granted: 1978-09-12
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Expires: 1996-03-31
Abstract
Abstract A paper pulp insulated cable of the kind having a plurality of conductors covered with paper pulp insulation. The insulated conductors are twisted into pairs, the pairs are stranded into units and the units are built up into cores, covered with, for example, a paper wrap, aluminum, steel sheath and a polyethylene jacket. The cable has a high density of conductors. Also a method of manufacturing such cables is described.
Inventors
- 👤 Thomas Charles Pound
- 👤 Eric John Gouldson
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-28 10:52
CPC Classifications
H; H01; H01B; H01B13/00; H01B13/06; H01B13/12; Y; Y10; Y10T; Y10T29/00; Y10T29/49; Y10T29/49002; Y10T29/49117; Y10T29/49194
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 33
Claim 1
Independent Claim
104 words
A method of making paper pulp insulated cable of 28 guage copper conductor comprising the steps of forming a paper pulp slurry having an average fiber length of 2.5 mm and a freeness of 480, applying the wet paper pulp from said slurry to said conductor in the amount of approximately 0.0194 grams/foot, and heating said conductor and said applied paper pulp to approximately 1500° F., 1150° F., and 650° F. for approximately 2 seconds at each temperature, twisting said insulated wire into pairs, stranding said pairs into units, and cabling said units into a core, sheathing said core with at least one layer.
Claim 2
Independent Claim
104 words
A method of making paper pulp insulated cable of 28 guage copper conductor comprising the steps of forming a paper pulp slurry having an average fiber length of 2.5 mm and a freeness of 480, applying the wet paper pulp from said slurry to said conductor in the amount of approximately 0.0194 grams/foot, and heating said conductor and said applied paper pulp to approximately 1500° F., 1150° F., and 650° F. for approximately 2 seconds at each temperature, twisting said insulated wire into pairs, stranding said pairs into units, and cabling said units into a core, sheathing said core with at least one layer.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
43 words
A method according to claim 1 further comprising the steps of adjusting the amount of paper pulp applied and the first temperature so that the thickness of said insulation is approximately 4 mil and its density is 0.42 to 0.46 grams/cm 3 .
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
22 words
A method according to claim 2 further comprising the steps of adjusting said second and third temperatures primarily to dry the insulation.
Claim 5
Independent Claim
104 words
A method of making paper pulp insulated cable of 22 guage copper conductor comprising the steps of forming a paper pulp slurry having an average fiber length of 2.5 mm and a freeness of 480, applying the wet paper pulp from said slurry to said conductor in the amount of approximately 0.0697 grams/foot, and heating said conductor and said applied paper pulp to approximately 1600° F., 1400° F., and 1100° F. for approximately 2 seconds at each temperature, twisting said insulated wire into pairs, stranding said pairs into units, and cabling said units into a core, sheathing said core with at least one layer.
Claim 6
Independent Claim
104 words
A method of making paper pulp insulated cable of 22 guage copper conductor comprising the steps of forming a paper pulp slurry having an average fiber length of 2.5 mm and a freeness of 480, applying the wet paper pulp from said slurry to said conductor in the amount of approximately 0.0697 grams/foot, and heating said conductor and said applied paper pulp to approximately 1600° F., 1400° F., and 1100° F. for approximately 2 seconds at each temperature, twisting said insulated wire into pairs, stranding said pairs into units, and cabling said units into a core, sheathing said core with at least one layer.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
43 words
A method according to claim 4 further comprising the steps of adjusting the amount of paper pulp applied and the first temperature so that the thickness of said insulation is approximately 8.6 mil and its density is 0.36 to 0.42 grams/cm 3 .
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
22 words
A method according to claim 5 further comprising the steps of adjusting said second and third temperatures primarily to dry the insulation.
Claim 9
Independent Claim
104 words
A method of making paper pulp insulated cable of 26 guage copper conductor comprising the steps of forming a paper pulp slurry having an average fiber length of 2.5 mm and a freeness of 480, applying the wet paper pulp from said slurry to said conductor in the amount of approximately 0.0286 grams/foot, and heating said conductor and said applied paper pulp to approximately 1600° F., 1150° F., and 875° F. for approximately 2 seconds at each temperature, twisting said insulated wire into pairs, stranding said pairs into units, and cabling said units into a core, sheathing said core with at least one layer.
Claim 10
Independent Claim
104 words
A method of making paper pulp insulated cable of 26 guage copper conductor comprising the steps of forming a paper pulp slurry having an average fiber length of 2.5 mm and a freeness of 480, applying the wet paper pulp from said slurry to said conductor in the amount of approximately 0.0286 grams/foot, and heating said conductor and said applied paper pulp to approximately 1600° F., 1150° F., and 875° F. for approximately 2 seconds at each temperature, twisting said insulated wire into pairs, stranding said pairs into units, and cabling said units into a core, sheathing said core with at least one layer.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
43 words
A method according to claim 7 further comprising the steps of adjusting the amount of paper pulp applied and the first temperature so that the thickness of said insulation is approximately 5 mil and its density is 0.40 to 0.44 grams/cm 3 .
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
22 words
A method according to claim 8 further comprising the steps of adjusting said second and third temperatures primarily to dry the insulation.
Claim 13
Independent Claim
104 words
A method of making paper pulp insulated cable of 24 guage copper conductor comprising the steps of forming a paper pulp slurry having an average fiber length of 2.5 mm and a freeness of 480, applying the wet paper pulp from said slurry to said conductor in the amount of approximately 0.0491 grams/foot, and heating said conductor and said applied paper pulp to approximately 1600° F., 1300° F., and 1000° F. for approximately 2 seconds at each temperature, twisting said insulated wire into pairs, stranding said pairs into units, and cabling said units into a core, sheathing said core with at least one layer.
Claim 14
Independent Claim
104 words
A method of making paper pulp insulated cable of 24 guage copper conductor comprising the steps of forming a paper pulp slurry having an average fiber length of 2.5 mm and a freeness of 480, applying the wet paper pulp from said slurry to said conductor in the amount of approximately 0.0491 grams/foot, and heating said conductor and said applied paper pulp to approximately 1600° F., 1300° F., and 1000° F. for approximately 2 seconds at each temperature, twisting said insulated wire into pairs, stranding said pairs into units, and cabling said units into a core, sheathing said core with at least one layer.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
43 words
A method according to claim 10 further comprising the steps of adjusting the amount of paper pulp applied and the first temperature so that the thickness of said insulation is approximately 7 mil and its density is 0.36 to 0.42 grams/cm 3 .
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
17 words
A method according to claim 11 further comprising the steps of a adjusting to dry the insulation.
Claim 17
Independent Claim
104 words
A method of making paper pulp insulated cable of 19 guage copper conductor comprising the steps of forming a paper pulp slurry having an average fiber length of 2.5 mm and a freeness of 480, applying the wet paper pulp from said slurry to said conductor in the amount of approximately 0.1080 grams/foot, and heating said conductor and said applied paper pulp to approximately 1600° F., 1300° F., and 900° F. for approximately 2 seconds at each temperature, twisting said insulated wire into pairs, stranding said pairs into units, and cabling said units into a core, sheathing said core with at least one layer.
Claim 18
Independent Claim
104 words
A method of making paper pulp insulated cable of 19 guage copper conductor comprising the steps of forming a paper pulp slurry having an average fiber length of 2.5 mm and a freeness of 480, applying the wet paper pulp from said slurry to said conductor in the amount of approximately 0.1080 grams/foot, and heating said conductor and said applied paper pulp to approximately 1600° F., 1300° F., and 900° F. for approximately 2 seconds at each temperature, twisting said insulated wire into pairs, stranding said pairs into units, and cabling said units into a core, sheathing said core with at least one layer.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
43 words
A method according to claim 13 further comprising the steps of adjusting the amount of paper pulp applied and the first temperature so that the thickness of said insulation is approximately 10.2 mil and its density is 0.33 to 0.41 grams/cm 3 .
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
22 words
A method according to claim 14 further comprising the steps of adjusting said second and third temperatures primarily to dry the insulation.
Claim 21
Independent Claim
99 words
A method of making cable having paper pulp insulation on the conductors comprising the steps of forming a paper pulp slurry, applying the paper pulp from the slurry to said conductors, heating said conductors and applied paper pulp to cause said paper pulp to fluff and have a dielectric constant in the range of 1.47 to 1.69, further heating to dry said insulation, twisting said insulated wire into pairs, stranding said pairs into units, and cabling said units into a core, sheathing said core with at least one layer of paper or metal and applying a waterproof outside jacket.
Claim 22
Independent Claim
99 words
A method of making cable having paper pulp insulation on the conductors comprising the steps of forming a paper pulp slurry, applying the paper pulp from the slurry to said conductors, heating said conductors and applied paper pulp to cause said paper pulp to fluff and have a dielectric constant in the range of 1.47 to 1.69, further heating to dry said insulation, twisting said insulated wire into pairs, stranding said pairs into units, and cabling said units into a core, sheathing said core with at least one layer of paper or metal and applying a waterproof outside jacket.
Claim 23
Dependent Claim
47 words
A method according to claim 16 wherein the diameter of said conductor is approximately 12.6 mil comprising the further step of adjusting said heating to fluff the diameter of said insulated conductor to 21.1 ± 0.4 mil and to give the insulation a dielectric constant of 1.65.
Claim 24
Dependent Claim
47 words
A method according to claim 16 wherein the diameter of said conductor is approximately 15.9 mil comprising the further step of adjusting said heating to fluff the diameter of said insulated conductor to 26.3 ± 0.4 mil and to give the insulation a dielectric constant of 1.62.
Claim 25
Dependent Claim
47 words
A method according to claim 16 wherein the diameter of said conductor is approximately 20.1 mil comprising the further step of adjusting said heating to fluff the diameter of said insulated conductor to 34.0 ± 0.4 mil and to give the insulation a dielectric constant of 1.56.
Claim 26
Dependent Claim
47 words
A method according to claim 16 wherein the diameter of said conductor is approximately 25.3 mil comprising the further step of adjusting said heating to fluff the diameter of said insulated conductor to 42.1 ± 0.4 mil and to give the insulation a dielectric constand of 1.56.
Claim 27
Dependent Claim
47 words
A method according to claim 16 wherein the diameter of said conductor is approximately 35.9 mil comprising the further step of adjusting said heating to fluff the diameter of said insulated conductor to 56.4 ± 0.4 mil and to give the insulation a dielectric constant of 1.53.
Claim 28
Independent Claim
93 words
A method of making cable having paper pulp insulation on the conductors comprising the steps of forming a paper pulp slurry, applying the paper pulp from the slurry to said conductors, heating said conductors and applied paper pulp to cause said paper pulp to fluff and have dielectric constant in the range of 1.47 to 1.69, further heating to dry said insulation, twisting said insulated wire into pairs, forming said pairs into a core, and sheathing said core with at least one layer of paper or metal and applying a waterproof outside jacket.
Claim 29
Independent Claim
93 words
A method of making cable having paper pulp insulation on the conductors comprising the steps of forming a paper pulp slurry, applying the paper pulp from the slurry to said conductors, heating said conductors and applied paper pulp to cause said paper pulp to fluff and have dielectric constant in the range of 1.47 to 1.69, further heating to dry said insulation, twisting said insulated wire into pairs, forming said pairs into a core, and sheathing said core with at least one layer of paper or metal and applying a waterproof outside jacket.
Claim 30
Independent Claim
131 words
A method of making cable having paper pulp insulation on the conductors comprising the steps of forming a paper pulp slurry, applying the paper pulp from the slurry to said conductors, heating said conductors and applied paper pulp to cause said paper pulp to fluff and have a dielectric constant in the range of 1.47 to 1.69, further heating to dry said insulation, twisting said insulated wire into pairs, forming said pairs into a core, sheathing said core with at least one layer of paper or metal and applying a waterproof outside jacket, and said first heating step fluffs said pulp so that the conductors of the pairs exhibit a capacitance of: ##EQU2## where C = mutual capacitance = 0.083 microfarads/mile ε ins = dielectric constant of the paper pulp insulation
Claim 31
Independent Claim
131 words
A method of making cable having paper pulp insulation on the conductors comprising the steps of forming a paper pulp slurry, applying the paper pulp from the slurry to said conductors, heating said conductors and applied paper pulp to cause said paper pulp to fluff and have a dielectric constant in the range of 1.47 to 1.69, further heating to dry said insulation, twisting said insulated wire into pairs, forming said pairs into a core, sheathing said core with at least one layer of paper or metal and applying a waterproof outside jacket, and said first heating step fluffs said pulp so that the conductors of the pairs exhibit a capacitance of: ##EQU2## where C = mutual capacitance = 0.083 microfarads/mile ε ins = dielectric constant of the paper pulp insulation
Claim 32
Dependent Claim
24 words
= 1. 47 to 1.69 s = diameter of the insulated conductor d = diameter of the conductor, and 2s/d = 3.2 to 3.4
Claim 33
Dependent Claim
24 words
= 1. 47 to 1.69 s = diameter of the insulated conductor d = diameter of the conductor, and 2s/d = 3.2 to 3.4
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USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1981-09-11 | 1982-03-13 | 1982-09-12 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1985-09-11 | 1986-03-13 | 1986-09-12 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1989-09-11 | 1990-03-13 | 1990-09-12 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |