US4101703A
Expired / Lapsed
US
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Coated cemented carbide elements
Assignee: Schwarzkopf Technologies Corp
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Filing: 1975-04-25
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Granted: 1978-07-18
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Expires: 1995-04-25
Abstract
Abstract Cemented carbide elements with working faces bearing a thin multilayer or stratified coating of nonuniform composition of wear-resistant materials exhibit superior wear-resistance for improved performance and service life under severe service conditions as in the case of inserts for cutting tools and wire drawing dies. In one embodiment, an initial carbon-rich layer of titanium carbide or carbonitride coating material in direct contact with a cemented carbide part or insert underlies a middle or intermediate stratified transition zone made up of a series of parallel layers or strata of coating material wherein the content of carbon and nitrogen is not constant but varies with the stratum or location by depth in that zone with the material gradually changing to titanium compounds that are progressively lower in combined carbon content and richer in nitrogen than in the initial layer until the composition of the outermost stratum of the transition zone approximates that of the overlying surface layer of high nitrogen content (e.g., titanium nitride). The coating is formed by a gas deposition method wherein changes in the concentration of gaseous carbon and nitrogen compounds are used to control the formation of the various layers of different composition in the layered coating.
Inventors
- 👤 Wilfried Schintlmeister
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-24 11:02
CPC Classifications
C; C23; C23C; C23C16/00; C23C16/22; C23C16/30; C23C16/36; C23C16/34; Y; Y10; Y10T; Y10T428/00; Y10T428/12; Y10T428/12014; Y10T428/12028; Y10T428/12049; Y10T428/12056; Y10T428/31504; Y10T428/31536; Y10T428/31678
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 27
Claim 1
Independent Claim
117 words
An article of manufacture comprising a hard metal or sintered carbide substrate and an adherent wear-resistant multilayer coating, the composition of said coating varying through its depth or thickness, wherein the substrate has carbon disposed in a region adjacent the surface thereof, said region being formed by carburizing said substrate to increase its carbon content, the coating layer adjacent the carburized surface comprises titanium carbide formed by reacting the carburized surface with a gaseous mixture comprising titanium halide, a hydrocarbon gas and hydrogen, and the coating layer overlying the titanium carbide layer comprises titanium nitride formed by reacting the surface of the titanium carbide layer with a gaseous mixture comprising a nitrogen compound, titanium halide and hydrogen.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
117 words
An article of manufacture comprising a hard metal or sintered carbide substrate and an adherent wear-resistant multilayer coating, the composition of said coating varying through its depth or thickness, wherein the substrate has carbon disposed in a region adjacent the surface thereof, said region being formed by carburizing said substrate to increase its carbon content, the coating layer adjacent the carburized surface comprises titanium carbide formed by reacting the carburized surface with a gaseous mixture comprising titanium halide, a hydrocarbon gas and hydrogen, and the coating layer overlying the titanium carbide layer comprises titanium nitride formed by reacting the surface of the titanium carbide layer with a gaseous mixture comprising a nitrogen compound, titanium halide and hydrogen.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
17 words
An article of manufacture as in claim 1 wherein the substrate is comprised of a cemented carbide.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
49 words
An article of manufacture comprising: (a) a hard metal or sintered carbide substrate; and (b) a composite coating on at least one surface of said substrate, said composite coating including a layer of titanium carbide and a layer of titanium nitride overlying and adjacent said layer of titanium carbide.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
49 words
An article of manufacture comprising: (a) a hard metal or sintered carbide substrate; and (b) a composite coating on at least one surface of said substrate, said composite coating including a layer of titanium carbide and a layer of titanium nitride overlying and adjacent said layer of titanium carbide.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
34 words
The article of manufacture defined in claim 3 wherein said layer of titanium carbide is about 0.2 to 20 microns thick and said layer of titanium nitride is about 0.3 to 30 microns thick.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
15 words
An article of manufacture as in claim 3 wherein the substrate is a cemented carbide.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
37 words
In a tool having a wear surface comprised of a hard metal or a sintered carbide, a coating of titanium carbide covering said wear surface and a coating of titanium nitride covering said coating of titanium carbide.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
37 words
In a tool having a wear surface comprised of a hard metal or a sintered carbide, a coating of titanium carbide covering said wear surface and a coating of titanium nitride covering said coating of titanium carbide.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
16 words
A tool as in claim 6 wherein the wear surface is comprised of a cemented carbide.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
93 words
A wear part of a tool having a portion which in use is exposed to wear through contact with an extraneous force, said wear part comprising: (a) a cemented carbide substrate; (b) a layer of a metal carbide overlying the cemented carbide; and (c) a layer of a metal nitride overlying the metal carbide, the metal of the metal carbide being selected from among chromium, molybdenum, tungsten, titanium, zirconium, hafnium, vanadium, niobium, and tantalum, and the metal of the metal nitride being selected from among chromium, titanium, zirconium, hafnium, vanadium, niodium and tantalum.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
93 words
A wear part of a tool having a portion which in use is exposed to wear through contact with an extraneous force, said wear part comprising: (a) a cemented carbide substrate; (b) a layer of a metal carbide overlying the cemented carbide; and (c) a layer of a metal nitride overlying the metal carbide, the metal of the metal carbide being selected from among chromium, molybdenum, tungsten, titanium, zirconium, hafnium, vanadium, niobium, and tantalum, and the metal of the metal nitride being selected from among chromium, titanium, zirconium, hafnium, vanadium, niodium and tantalum.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
62 words
A wear part of a tool as in claim 8 wherein the cemented carbide is selected from the group consisting of (i) cemented tungsten carbide compositions containing about 5 to 30% of a binder metal of the iron group, or (ii) cemented carbides containing from about 60 to 90% of titanium carbide, with the balance comprising nickel or a nickel-molybdenum alloy binder.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
27 words
A wear part of a tool as in claim 9 wherein the metal in the metal nitride and the metal in the metal carbide are each titanium.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
34 words
A wear part of a tool as in claim 10 wherein the thicknesses of the individual titanium carbide and titanium nitride layers are from 0.2 to 20 microns and 0.3 to 30 microns respectively.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
17 words
A wear part as in claim 11 in the form of an insert for a cutting tool.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
16 words
A wear part as in claim 11 in the form of an insert for a die.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
32 words
A wear part of a tool as in claim 9 wherein the metal in the metal nitride and the metal in the metal carbide are each at least 50% by weight titanium.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
57 words
An article of manufacture comprising: (a) a hard metal or sintered carbide substrate; and (b) a composite coating on at least one surface of said substrate, said composite coating including a layer of titanium carbide, a transition layer containing titanium carbonitrides overlying said layer of titanium carbide and a layer of titanium nitride overlying said transition layer.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
57 words
An article of manufacture comprising: (a) a hard metal or sintered carbide substrate; and (b) a composite coating on at least one surface of said substrate, said composite coating including a layer of titanium carbide, a transition layer containing titanium carbonitrides overlying said layer of titanium carbide and a layer of titanium nitride overlying said transition layer.
Claim 21
Dependent Claim
47 words
In a tool having a wear surface comprised of a hard metal or a sintered carbide, a coating of titanium carbide covering said wear surface, a transition layer containing titanium carbonitrides covering said coating of titanium carbide, and a coating of titanium nitride covering said transition layer.
Claim 22
Dependent Claim
47 words
In a tool having a wear surface comprised of a hard metal or a sintered carbide, a coating of titanium carbide covering said wear surface, a transition layer containing titanium carbonitrides covering said coating of titanium carbide, and a coating of titanium nitride covering said transition layer.
Claim 23
Dependent Claim
124 words
A wear part of a tool having a portion which in use is exposed to wear through contact with an extraneous force, said wear part comprising: (a) a cemented carbide substrate; (b) a layer of a metal carbide overlying the cemented carbide; (c) a layer of a metal carbonitride overlying the metal carbide; and (d) a layer of a metal nitride overlying the metal carbonitride, the metal of the metal carbide being selected from among chromium, molybdenum, tungsten, titanium, zirconium, hafnium, vanadium, niobium and tantalum, the metal of the metal carbonitride being selected from among chromium, molybdenum, tungsten, titanium, zirconium, hafnium, vanadium, niobium and tantalum, and the metal of the metal nitride being selected from among chromium, titanium, zirconium, hafnium, vanadium, niobium and tantalum.
Claim 24
Dependent Claim
124 words
A wear part of a tool having a portion which in use is exposed to wear through contact with an extraneous force, said wear part comprising: (a) a cemented carbide substrate; (b) a layer of a metal carbide overlying the cemented carbide; (c) a layer of a metal carbonitride overlying the metal carbide; and (d) a layer of a metal nitride overlying the metal carbonitride, the metal of the metal carbide being selected from among chromium, molybdenum, tungsten, titanium, zirconium, hafnium, vanadium, niobium and tantalum, the metal of the metal carbonitride being selected from among chromium, molybdenum, tungsten, titanium, zirconium, hafnium, vanadium, niobium and tantalum, and the metal of the metal nitride being selected from among chromium, titanium, zirconium, hafnium, vanadium, niobium and tantalum.
Claim 25
Dependent Claim
85 words
A wear part of a tool as in claim 17 wherein the cemented carbide is selected from the group consisting of (i) cemented tungsten carbide compositions containing about 5 to 30% of a binder metal of the iron group, or (ii) cemented carbides containing from about 60 to 90% of titanium carbide, with the balance comprising nickel or a nickel-molybdenum alloy binder, and the metal in the metal carbide, the metal in the metal carbonitride, and the metal in the metal nitride are each titanium.
Claim 26
Dependent Claim
156 words
A wear part of a tool having a portion which in use is exposed to wear through contact with an extraneous force, said wear part comprising: (a) a cemented carbide substrate wherein the cemented carbide is selected from the group consisting of (i) cemented tungsten carbide compositions containing about 5 to 30% of a binder metal of the iron group, or (ii) cemented carbides containing from about 60 to 90% of titanium carbide, with the balance comprising nickel or a nickel-molybdenum alloy binder; (b) a layer of titanium carbide having a thickness of from 0.2 to 20 microns overlaying the cemented carbide; (c) an intermediate layer containing titanium, carbon and nitrogen overlaying the titanium carbide; and (d) a layer of titanium nitride having a thickness of from 0.3 to 30 microns overlaying the intermediate layer, the intermediate layer being carbon-rich, nitrogen-poor immediately adjacent the titanium carbide layer, and carbon-poor, nitrogen-rich immediately adjacent the titanium nitride layer.
Claim 27
Dependent Claim
156 words
A wear part of a tool having a portion which in use is exposed to wear through contact with an extraneous force, said wear part comprising: (a) a cemented carbide substrate wherein the cemented carbide is selected from the group consisting of (i) cemented tungsten carbide compositions containing about 5 to 30% of a binder metal of the iron group, or (ii) cemented carbides containing from about 60 to 90% of titanium carbide, with the balance comprising nickel or a nickel-molybdenum alloy binder; (b) a layer of titanium carbide having a thickness of from 0.2 to 20 microns overlaying the cemented carbide; (c) an intermediate layer containing titanium, carbon and nitrogen overlaying the titanium carbide; and (d) a layer of titanium nitride having a thickness of from 0.3 to 30 microns overlaying the intermediate layer, the intermediate layer being carbon-rich, nitrogen-poor immediately adjacent the titanium carbide layer, and carbon-poor, nitrogen-rich immediately adjacent the titanium nitride layer.
References Cited (Backward Citations)
USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1981-07-17 | 1982-01-16 | 1982-07-18 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1985-07-17 | 1986-01-16 | 1986-07-18 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1989-07-17 | 1990-01-16 | 1990-07-18 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |