US4099339A
Expired / Lapsed
US
⏱️ 0.0 years remaining
Model for atomic forms
Assignee: Individual
•
Filing: 1977-03-02
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Granted: 1978-07-11
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Expires: 1997-03-02
Abstract
Abstract The present invention relates to a model for atomic forms which includes pairs of ring magnets for representing pairs of electrons in an atom or molecule.
Inventors
- 👤 Kenneth Snelson
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-11-08 21:33
CPC Classifications
G; G09; G09B; G09B23/00; G09B23/26
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 9
Claim 1
Independent Claim
129 words
A model for atomic comprising: (a) a plurality of pairs of ring magnets, each of the ring magnets defining an axis perpendicular to the plane of the ring and passing through its center and having a magnetic field approximately axially symmetric about said axis, each pair of magnets having a first ring magnet and a second ring magnet for representing a pair of electrons, the second ring magnet of each pair being detachably magnetically supportable by the first ring magnet with the axes of said first and second ring magnets in substantial coaxial alignment; and (b) means for supporting the first ring magnets at predetermined positions and orientations with their axes passing through a spherical volume having a diameter substantially smaller than the diameters of the first ring magnets.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
129 words
A model for atomic comprising: (a) a plurality of pairs of ring magnets, each of the ring magnets defining an axis perpendicular to the plane of the ring and passing through its center and having a magnetic field approximately axially symmetric about said axis, each pair of magnets having a first ring magnet and a second ring magnet for representing a pair of electrons, the second ring magnet of each pair being detachably magnetically supportable by the first ring magnet with the axes of said first and second ring magnets in substantial coaxial alignment; and (b) means for supporting the first ring magnets at predetermined positions and orientations with their axes passing through a spherical volume having a diameter substantially smaller than the diameters of the first ring magnets.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
22 words
The model for atomic forms according to claim 1 in which the axes of the first ring magnets intersect at a point.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
89 words
The model for atomic forms according to claim 1 in which the inside diameter of the second ring magnet in each pair exceeds the outside diameter of the first ring magnet by an amount less than the thickness of either ring magnet, the second ring magnet of each pair being detachably magnetically supportable by the first ring magnet of the pair with the second ring magnet positioned radially outwardly of the first ring magnet and with the axes of said first and second ring magnets in substantial coaxial alignment.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
64 words
The model for atomic forms according to claim 1 in which the diameter of the second ring magnet of a first pair substantially equals the diameter of the first ring magnet of the first pair, said second magnet being detachably magnetically supportable by the first ring magnet in face-to-face contact with the axes of said first and second ring magnets in substantial coaxial alignment.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
58 words
The model for atomic forms according to claim 1 in which the means for supporting the first ring magnets includes a surface-support sphere for representing an energy level, the first ring magnets being secured to the radially-outward surface of the surface-support sphere with the axes of the first ring magnets passing through the center of the surface-support sphere.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
41 words
The model for atomic forms according to claim 1 in which the surface-support sphere is a hollow spherical shell made of a transparent material, the first ring magnets being secured to the outward surface of the surface-support sphere by an adhesive.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
41 words
The model for atomic forms according to claim 5 in which the surface-support sphere is a hollow spherical shell made of a ferromagnetic material, the first ring magnets being detachably magnetically secured to the radially outward surface of the surface-support sphere.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
117 words
The model for atomic forms according to claim 1 in which the means for supporting the first ring magnets includes: (b.1) a plurality of ring-support disks, each disk being positioned concentric of a first ring magnet, the ring magnet being attached to the ring-support disk around the perimeter of the disk; (b.2) a central-support sphere for representing an atomic nucleus, the diameter of the central-support sphere being substantially smaller than the diameter of the first ring magnets; and (b.3) a plurality of support rods, each support rod being connected between the central-support sphere and the center of a ring-support disk and extending along the axis of the first ring magnet to which the ring-support disk is attached.
References Cited (Backward Citations)
USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1981-07-10 | 1982-01-09 | 1982-07-11 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1985-07-10 | 1986-01-09 | 1986-07-11 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1989-07-10 | 1990-01-09 | 1990-07-11 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |