Process for removing unfilterable solids from an oil

Claim 2

A process for separating unfilterable, particulate solids from an oil, comprising: (1) agglomerating said solids by admixing said oil with an agglomerating agent wherein the resulting mixtue contains for each volume of said oil an amount of said agent in the range of from about 0.05 to 3 volumes, said agent comprising a mixture of acetone and 2-butanone and containing, for each 100 volumes of acetone plus 2-butanone, at least 2 volumes of acetone and at least 2 volumes of 2-butanone, said admixing being at a temperature in the range of from about 20° to 160° C and at a pressure at least sufficient to maintain said agent in the resulting liquid-solid mixture; (2) forming a solids-reduced oil containing said agent by separating said agglomerated solid from said resulting mixture; (3) separating said agent from said solids-reduced oil by vaporizing said agent; and (4) using as at least a portion of said agent in step (1) at least a portion of said separated agent.

Claim 3

A process as in claim 1 wherein said oil is selected from the group consisting of shale oils, coal liquefaction oils, tar sand oils, refinery decant oils, distillation bottoms fractions of said oils, and mixtures thereof.

Claim 4

A process as claim 1 wherein said oil has an initial boiling point above about 93° C at 1 atmosphere pressure.

Claim 5

A process as in claim 1 wherein said oil has an initial boiling point above about 100° C at 1 atmosphere pressure, a total solids content below about 50 weight percent and an unfilterable-solids content of at least about 0.01 weight percent.

Claim 6

A process as in claim 1 wherein said separating is carried out by gravitationally induced settling by holding said resulting liquid-solid mixture in a settling zone for a period in the range of from about 0.5 to 120 minutes.

Claim 7

A process as in claim 1 wherein said separating is carried out using a combination of separating means under conventional oil-solid separating conditions.

Claim 8

A process as in claim 1 wherein (1) said amount of agent per volume of said oil is in the range of from about 0.5 to 1 volume; (2) said mixture of acetone plus 2-butanone contains at least 45 volumes of acetone and at least 10 volumes of 2-butanone; and (3) said oil has an unfilterable-solids content in the range of from about 1 to 20 weight percent.

Claim 9

A process for separating unfilterable solids from a hydrogenated coal extract oil containing about 11 weight percent of said solids and having an initial boiling point of about 105° C, comprising: (1) agglomerating said solids by admixing about equal volumes of said oil and of an agglomerating agent containing acetone and 2-butanone in a volumetric ratio of about 75 to 25, respectively, said admixing being at a temperature in the range of from about 95° to 105° C and atmosphere pressure; (2) holding the solids-liquid mixture resulting from step (1) in a settling zone for a residence time of about 1 hour, thereby producing a clarified and essentially solids-free upper portion of said mixture and a settled solids-containing lower portion of said mixture; (3) withdrawing said upper portion from said zone and separating said portion into an overhead fraction comprising acetone and 2-butanone and a bottoms fraction comprising solids-reduced oil by stripping said upper portion in a solvent stripper; (4) withdrawing said lower portion from said settling zone and removing residual oil therefrom by washing said withdrawn portion with an additional amount of said agglomerating agent, thereby producing a washed solids fraction free of oil and a wash liquid fraction containing a minor amount of oil; and (5) passing said wash liquid fraction to said solvent stripper.

Claim 10

A process for separating unfilterable solids from a hydrogenated coal extract oil containing about 11 weight percent of said solids and having an initial boiling point of about 105° C, comprising: (1) agglomerating said solids by admixing about equal volumes of said oil and of an agglomerating agent containing acetone and 2-butanone in a volumetric ratio of about 75 to 25, respectively, said admixing being at a temperature in the range of from about 95° to 105° C and atmosphere pressure; (2) holding the solids-liquid mixture resulting from step (1) in a settling zone for a residence time of about 1 hour, thereby producing a clarified and essentially solids-free upper portion of said mixture and a settled solids-containing lower portion of said mixture; (3) withdrawing said upper portion from said zone and separating said portion into an overhead fraction comprising acetone and 2-butanone and a bottoms fraction comprising solids-reduced oil by stripping said upper portion in a solvent stripper; (4) withdrawing said lower portion from said settling zone and removing residual oil therefrom by washing said withdrawn portion with an additional amount of said agglomerating agent, thereby producing a washed solids fraction free of oil and a wash liquid fraction containing a minor amount of oil; and (5) passing said wash liquid fraction to said solvent stripper.