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US4094685A Expired / Lapsed US ⏱️ 0.0 years remaining

Expandable polymeric coating compositions

Assignee: Polymerics Inc
•
Filing: 1976-07-23
•
Granted: 1978-06-13
•
Expires: 1996-07-23
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Abstract

Abstract An expandable chemical coating compounded by an admixture of a paint, ink or dye with a polymeric composition embodying an encapsulation of a volatile, gas-producing substance which is heat-expandable in a thin polymeric film, said capsules being dispersed in a polymeric composition such that upon application of heat, the encapsulated volatile substance vaporizes to expand and fracture said capsule, thereby trapping the evolving gas in a polymeric medium so that the medium coating is expanded to produce a three-dimensional effect.

Inventors

  • 👤 David Lester
  • 👤 Robert R. Alexander

Bibliographic Details

Application Number —
Jurisdiction US
Data Source google_patents
Last Synchronized 2026-10-30 18:26
CPC Classifications
C; C09; C09D; C09D11/00; C09D11/02; C09D11/03; C09D5/00; C09D5/06; D; D06; D06M; D06M23/00; D06M23/12

Claims Analysis

Total Claims: 27
Claim 1
Independent Claim 166 words
An expandable polymeric coating composition for admixture with paints, dyes and inks to form an expandable chemical coating upon the application of heat comprising: a first forming binder polymer latex normally in the form of a polymeric dispersion in water to serve as a binder for said composition; a dispersing agent to serve as a dispersant for expandable volatile substances encapsulated in a monomeric film forming polymer; a plurality of spheres each of which encapsulates at least one expandable volatile substance in a monomeric film forming polymer dispersed within said first film forming binder polymer latex; a defoaming agent to prevent excessive foaming when heat is applied to said spheres; a bridge solvent to provide compatability with the substance into which said polymeric compositions will be mixed and to provide a wetting of said spheres to provide a homogeneous mixture; a thickener to increase the viscosity of the composition to the desired level, to give stability to mixtures and to give suspending action to said spheres.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim 166 words
An expandable polymeric coating composition for admixture with paints, dyes and inks to form an expandable chemical coating upon the application of heat comprising: a first forming binder polymer latex normally in the form of a polymeric dispersion in water to serve as a binder for said composition; a dispersing agent to serve as a dispersant for expandable volatile substances encapsulated in a monomeric film forming polymer; a plurality of spheres each of which encapsulates at least one expandable volatile substance in a monomeric film forming polymer dispersed within said first film forming binder polymer latex; a defoaming agent to prevent excessive foaming when heat is applied to said spheres; a bridge solvent to provide compatability with the substance into which said polymeric compositions will be mixed and to provide a wetting of said spheres to provide a homogeneous mixture; a thickener to increase the viscosity of the composition to the desired level, to give stability to mixtures and to give suspending action to said spheres.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim 142 words
The expandable polymeric coating composition of claim 1 wherein said film forming binder polymer latex is selected from the following: ______________________________________ polyethylene polypropylene polyethylene vinyl acetate natural rubber 1,4 polyisoprene polyacrylonitrile polyvinyl fluoride polyvinylidene chloride polyvinylidene fluoride polymonochloride fluoroethylene polytetrafluoroethylene polychloroprene acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene terpolymer polyvinyl butyral polystyrene polyvinyl acetate polyvinyl alcohol poly-a-methyl styrene butadiene-styrene copolymer polymethacrylate polymethyl-a-cyanoacrylate ethyl vinyl ether and maleic anhydride polymethyl-vinylether copolymer of styrene and ethyl acrylate copolymers of styrene and polyvinylidene chloride vinylidene chloride copolymers of butylacrylate copolymers of 2-ethyl hexyla- and vinylacetate crylate acrylonitrile copolymer of methyl methacrylate and ethylacrylate copolymers methylmethacry- terpolymers of acrylinitrile late & acrylonitrile butylacrylate vinylacetate terpolymers of acryloni- 2-ethylhexylacrylate triles vinylacetate terpolymers of butylacrylate acrylonitriles ethylacrylate copolymers of vinylidene acrylonitrile chloride copolymers of vinylidene copolymers of vinylidene chloride chloride & acrylonitrile & ethyl acrylate polyurethane epoxies polycarbonates polyesters polyamides urea formaldehyde phenol-formaldehyde ______________________________________
Claim 4
Dependent Claim 30 words
The expandable polymeric coating composition of claim 1 wherein the dispersant is selected from the following group: benzyl-phenyldimethyl ammonium salts, nephlanic acid salts, alkylacryl-sulfonates, sulfamated oils, hydroxylakysulfamide, and hydroxyalkyl phosphates.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim 24 words
The expandable polymeric coating composition of claim 1 wherein said encapsulated substances comprise one or more substances from the following group: benzene sulfohydrazide isobutane.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim 50 words
The expandable polymeric coating composition of of claim 1 further including a plasticizer in the form of a ter-polymer latex wherein said terpolymer latex comprises: an emulsion polymerization of the following monomers 30 parts 2-ethyl hexyl acrylate, 30 parts butyl acrylate, and 40 parts of ethyl acrylate, at 50% solids.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim 62 words
The expandable polymeric coating composition of claim 1 wherein said spheres are formed by reaction from 100 parts of demineralized water, 15 parts of colloidal silica, 15 parts of benzene sulfohydrazide, 2.8 parts of hydroxy ethyl phosphate, 100 parts of vinylidene chloride, 15 parts of acrylonitrile, 5 parts of methacrylic acid, 5 parts of ethyl acrylate, and 0.4 parts of benzoyl peroxide.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim 74 words
The expandable polymeric coating composition of claim 1 wherein said spheres are made by "seed" emulsion polymerization by reacting 100 parts of dimineralized water, 14 parts of colloidal silica, 8 parts of benzene sulfohydrazide, 8 parts of Isobutane, 1.5 parts hydroxyl ethyl phosphate, 2.5 parts of nonionic surfactant, 100 parts of vinylidene chloride, 15 parts of acrylonitrile, 5 parts of methacrylic acid, 2 parts of ethyl acrylate, and 0.4 parts of benzoyl peroxide catalyst.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim 70 words
The expandable polymeric coating composition of claim 1 in which said spheres are made by "seed" emulsion polymerization by reacting 100 parts of dimeralized water, 12 parts of colloidal silica, 12 parts of benzene sulfo hydrazide 4 parts of isobutane, 1.75 parts of hydroxy eithyl phosphate, 2.3 parts of n-octyl phenol ethylene oxide condensate, 80 parts of vinylidene chloride, 15 parts of butyl acrylate, 0.4 parts of benzoyl peroxide catalyst.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim 43 words
The expandable polymeric composition of claim 5 for admixture with paints wherein said composition includes in parts by weight: ______________________________________ spheres 17.0 water 41.73 hydroxy ethyl cellulose thickener 0.2 hydroxy ethyl phosphate 0.17 butylene glycol 8.7 terpolymer latex 9.2 acrylic latex 23.0 ______________________________________
Claim 11
Dependent Claim 40 words
The expandable polymeric coating composition of claim 9 wherein said acrylic latex is made by reacting by means of emulsion polymerization the following monomers, 95 parts ethyl acrylate, 2 parts n-methanol acryl amide, 1.0 part acrylic acid, 2 parts acrylonitrile.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim 36 words
The expandable polymeric coating composition of claim 6 wherein said composition comprises in parts by weight: ______________________________________ spheres 17.0 water 44.88 hydroxy ethyl cellulose thickener 0.17 butylene glycol 8.7 terpolymer latex 9.2 acrylic latex 23.0 ______________________________________
Claim 13
Dependent Claim 24 words
The expandable polymeric coating composition of claim 9 further admixed with one to two parts paint and heated for 180 seconds at 225° F.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim 30 words
The expandable polymeric coating composition of claim 12 further admixed with a quantity of paint and said coating expanded by a suitable heat source for 180 seconds at 225° F.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim 42 words
The expandable polymeric coating composition of claim 1 comprising in parts by weights: ______________________________________ spheres 22.0 water 46.0 hydroxy ethyl cellulose 0.15 acrylic thickener 2.0 precipitated calcium caronate 12 terpolymer latex 9 phosphate ester 4.0 ammonium stearate 2.0 acrylic latex 40.0 ______________________________________
Claim 16
Dependent Claim 51 words
The expandable polymeric coating composition of claim 5 comprising in parts by weight: ______________________________________ water 48.42 hydroxy ethyl phosphate 0.2 nonionic surfactant 0.4 bentonite clay 12.0 aluminum silicate 12.0 propylene glycol 2.4 glycol stearate 1.3 terpolymer latex 9.0 spheres 27.0 acrylic latex 40.0 acrylic thickener 2.0 hydroxy ethyl cellulose 0.12 ______________________________________
Claim 17
Dependent Claim 21 words
The expandable polymeric coating composition of claim 15 further including said coating exposed to heat for 300 seconds at 240° F.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim 47 words
The expandable polymeric coating composition of claim 1 further comprising in parts by weight: ______________________________________ water 70.0 hydroxy ethyl phosphate 3.0 kaolin caly 30.0 precipatated calcium carbonate 30.0 glycol stearate 3.0 butylene glycol 9.0 terpolymer latex 11.0 spheres 23.0 styrenebutadiene latex 43.0 hydroxy ethyl cellulose 0.2 ______________________________________
Claim 19
Dependent Claim 19 words
The expandable polymeric coating composition of claim 17 further including said coating heated for 300 seconds at 250° F.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim 42 words
The expandable polymeric coating composition of claim 8 comprising in parts by weight: ______________________________________ water 56.2 hydroxy ethyl phosphate 3.0 kaolin clay 20.0 attapulgus clay 20.0 butylene glycol 3.0 terpolymer latex 9.0 spheres 23.0 acrylic latex 40.0 hydroxy ethyl cellulose 0.2 ______________________________________
Claim 21
Dependent Claim 41 words
The expandable polymeric coating composition of claim 19 further including one coat of said composition of 14 mil thickness heated for 300 seconds at 200° F and a second coat of 14 mil thickness heated for 300 seconds at 280° F.
Claim 22
Dependent Claim 46 words
The expandable polymeric coating composition of claim 5 for use as a coating for textile goods comprising in parts by weight; ______________________________________ phosphate ester 130 di octyl phthalate 25 poly oil plasticizer 25 polyvinyl chloride latex 50 kaolin clay 15 spheres 15 mineral oil 5 ______________________________________
Claim 23
Dependent Claim 29 words
The expandable polymeric coating composition of claim 21 further including a coating of 3 to 14 mils in thickness exposed to a temperature of 300° F for 300 seconds.
Claim 24
Dependent Claim 62 words
The expandable polymeric coating composition of claim 8 for use as an arts and crafts paint comprising in parts by weight: ______________________________________ water 36.8 hydroxy ethyl phosphate 3.0 attapulgus clay 10.0 butylene glycol 2.5 glycol stearate 1.0 terpolymer latex 4.5 spheres 18.0 acrylic latex 40.0 defoamer fatty acid 0.4 pigment color 4.0 propylene glycol 1.0 hexanol 2.0 hydroxy ethyl cellulose 0.4 ______________________________________
Claim 25
Dependent Claim 23 words
The expandable polymeric coating composition of claim 23 further including coating a substance and heating said coating for 180 seconds at 240° F.
Claim 26
Dependent Claim 45 words
The expandable polymeric coating composition of claim 8 for use as a texture paint comprising in parts by weight: ______________________________________ water 57.22 hydroxy ethyl phosphate 3.0 butylene glycol 9.0 wood flour 14.0 terpolymer latex 9.0 spheres 23.0 acrylic latex 40.0 hydroxy ethyl cellulose 0.22 ______________________________________
Claim 27
Dependent Claim 21 words
The expandable polymeric coating composition of claim 25 further including a coating exposed to heat of 240° F for 180 seconds.

References Cited (Backward Citations)

US3004938A Cited
US3615972A Cited
US4016110A Cited
US3920589A Cited
US4006273A Cited

USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows

Annuity Stage Window Opens Payment Deadline Surcharge Period Until Estimated Fee Status
3.5 Years (Year 4) 1981-06-12 1981-12-12 1982-06-13 $2000.00 Window Closed / Lapsed
7.5 Years (Year 8) 1985-06-12 1985-12-12 1986-06-13 $3760.00 Window Closed / Lapsed
11.5 Years (Year 12) 1989-06-12 1989-12-12 1990-06-13 $7700.00 Window Closed / Lapsed

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