US4093581A
Expired / Lapsed
US
⏱️ 0.0 years remaining
Emulsion polymerization of vinyl chloride using prehomogenized mixed emulsifier system
Assignee: Stauffer Chemical Co
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Filing: 1976-11-11
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Granted: 1978-06-06
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Expires: 1996-11-11
Abstract
Abstract A one-step process for the emulsion polymerization of vinyl chloride using a water-soluble initiator and a prehomogenized aqueous emulsifier system of (1) a C12-C18 straight chain alkyl or alkenyl surfactant and (2) a C16-C20 straight chain alkyl or alkenyl alcohol and/or a straight chain saturated hydrocarbon having a carbon content of greater than 18 is disclosed. Suitable examples of straight chain surfactants include sodium lauryl sulfate and sodium oleate. Suitable alcohols include stearyl alcohol, cetyl alcohol and eicosanol. A suitable hydrocarbon is eicosane. The resulting homo- and copolymer latices have excellent mechanical stabilities, particle sizes generally larger than obtainable using only the mixed surfactant system without prehomogenization of the emulsifier system and good thermal stability.
Inventors
- 👤 Donald F. Anderson
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-11-05 14:22
CPC Classifications
C; C08; C08F; C08F14/00; C08F14/02; C08F14/04; C08F14/06
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 9
Claim 1
Independent Claim
147 words
In an emulsion polymerization procedure for forming vinyl chloride homopolymers or copolymers by heating a monomer charge containing vinyl chloride in the presence of a water soluble initiator and an emulsifier to form a latex containing particles of said polymers, the improvement which comprises using as an emulsifier, a prehomogenized mixture of: (1) at least one C 12 -C 18 straight chain alkyl or alkenyl surfactant of the formula ROSO 3 A or RC(O)OA, where R is a C 12 -C 18 straight alkyl or alkenyl group and A is an alkali metal cation, alkaline earth metal cation or alkanol amine of up to 6 carbon atoms and (2) at least one C 16 -C 20 straight chain alkyl or alkenyl alcohol or saturated hydrocarbon having a chain of greater than 18 carbon atoms to effect formation of the polymers in said latex in a single step.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
147 words
In an emulsion polymerization procedure for forming vinyl chloride homopolymers or copolymers by heating a monomer charge containing vinyl chloride in the presence of a water soluble initiator and an emulsifier to form a latex containing particles of said polymers, the improvement which comprises using as an emulsifier, a prehomogenized mixture of: (1) at least one C 12 -C 18 straight chain alkyl or alkenyl surfactant of the formula ROSO 3 A or RC(O)OA, where R is a C 12 -C 18 straight alkyl or alkenyl group and A is an alkali metal cation, alkaline earth metal cation or alkanol amine of up to 6 carbon atoms and (2) at least one C 16 -C 20 straight chain alkyl or alkenyl alcohol or saturated hydrocarbon having a chain of greater than 18 carbon atoms to effect formation of the polymers in said latex in a single step.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
21 words
A process as claimed in claim 1 wherein the C 12 -C 18 straight chain alkyl surfactant is sodium lauryl sulfate.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
20 words
A process as claimed in claim 1 wherein the C 16 -C 20 straight chain alkyl alcohol is stearyl alcohol.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
33 words
A process as claimed in claim 1 wherein the amount of the emulsifier mixture which is present is from about 1.7% to about 3%, by weight, based on the amount of polymerizable monomers.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
25 words
A process as claimed in claim 1 wherein the weight ratio of surfactant to alcohol in the mixture ranges from about 1:1 to about 1:4.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
20 words
A process as claimed in claim 1 wherein the surfactant is sodium lauryl sulfate and the alcohol is stearyl alcohol.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
28 words
A process as claimed in claim 6 wherein the combined amount of surfactant and alcohol ranges from about 0.8% to about 2.0% by weight of the polymerizable monomers.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
22 words
A process as claimed in claim 6 wherein the weight ratio of surfactant to alcohol ranges from about 1:2 to about 1:3.
References Cited (Backward Citations)
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USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1981-06-05 | 1981-12-05 | 1982-06-06 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1985-06-05 | 1985-12-05 | 1986-06-06 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1989-06-05 | 1989-12-05 | 1990-06-06 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |