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US4093540A
Expired / Lapsed
US
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Purification process
Assignee: Lever Brothers Co
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Filing: 1976-11-12
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Granted: 1978-06-06
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Expires: 1996-11-12
Abstract
Abstract Glyceride oil compositions are refined by contacting them in solution in an organic solvent under pressure with a semi-permeable membrane to separate constituents of different molecular weights into retentate and permeate fractions. The composition before said separation or at least one of said fractions after said separation is contacted in solution in a non-polar solvent, with a metal oxide or metalloid oxide adsorbent in a column. Optionally the oil can be subjected to a bleaching and/or a deodorizing treatment. This process allows glyceride oil compositions to be refined by purely physical means, avoiding contact of the composition with chemicals, which may harm the quality of the composition.
Inventors
- 👤 Achintya Kumar Sen Gupta
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-11-01 12:44
CPC Classifications
A; A23; A23J; A23J7/00; C; C11; C11B; C11B3/00; C11B3/001
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 48
Claim 1
Independent Claim
119 words
A process for refining crude glyceride oil comprising the steps of: (a) separating different molecular weight constituants of said crude oil into retentate and permeate fractions by ultrafiltering, under pressure, through a semipermeable membrane, a solution containing said crude oil in an organic solvent in which phospholipid micelles are formed; and (b) passing, in solution in a non-polar solvent, the constituants contained in said permeate fraction through an adsorbant, wherein said adsorbant is a metal oxide or metalloid oxide adsorbant with an average pore size of 30 to 2,000 A and is selected from the group consisting of silicas, aluminas and mixtures thereof and further wherein said permeate fraction solution contains 5 to 90 percent by weight of oil.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
119 words
A process for refining crude glyceride oil comprising the steps of: (a) separating different molecular weight constituants of said crude oil into retentate and permeate fractions by ultrafiltering, under pressure, through a semipermeable membrane, a solution containing said crude oil in an organic solvent in which phospholipid micelles are formed; and (b) passing, in solution in a non-polar solvent, the constituants contained in said permeate fraction through an adsorbant, wherein said adsorbant is a metal oxide or metalloid oxide adsorbant with an average pore size of 30 to 2,000 A and is selected from the group consisting of silicas, aluminas and mixtures thereof and further wherein said permeate fraction solution contains 5 to 90 percent by weight of oil.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
12 words
The process according to claim 1 further comprising a bleaching treatment step.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
11 words
The process according to claim 1 further comprising a deodorizing step.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
26 words
The process according to claim 1 wherein the weight ratio of the oil contained in said permeate fraction solution to said adsorbant is 0.3:1 to 20:1.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
19 words
The process according to claim 1 wherein said crude oil solution contains 10 to 50 percent by weight oil.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
20 words
The process according to claim 1 wherein said process is carried out at a temperature of 0° to 70° C.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
23 words
The process according to claim 1 wherein said organic solvent in which phospholipid micelles are formed and said non-polar solvent are the same.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
24 words
The process according to claim 7 wherein said solvent is selected from the group consisting of inert hydrocarbons, halogenated inert hydrocarbons and mixtures thereof.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
11 words
The process according to claim 8 wherein said solvent is hexane.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
66 words
The process according to claim 1 wherein (a) the weight ratio of the oil in said permeate fraction solution to said adsorbant is 0.3:1 to 20:1; (b) said crude oil solution contains 10 to 50 percent by weight oil; (c) said process is carried out at a temperature of 0° to 70° C; and (d) said organic solvent in which phospholipid micelles are formed is hexane.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
10 words
Refined glyceride oil by the process according to claim 1.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
10 words
Refined glyceride oil by the process according to claim 10.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
106 words
A process for refining purified lecithin from crude glyceride oil comprising the steps of: (a) separating different molecular weight constituants of said crude oil into retentate and permeate fractions by ultrafiltering, under pressure, through a semipermeable membrane, a solution containing said crude oil in an organic solvent in which phospholipid micelles are formed; and (b) passing, in solution in a non-polar solvent, the constituants contained in said retentate fraction through an adsorbant, wherein said adsorbant is a metal oxide or metalloid oxide adsorbant with an average pore size of 30 to 2,000 A and is selected from the group consisting of silicas, aluminas and mixtures thereof.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
106 words
A process for refining purified lecithin from crude glyceride oil comprising the steps of: (a) separating different molecular weight constituants of said crude oil into retentate and permeate fractions by ultrafiltering, under pressure, through a semipermeable membrane, a solution containing said crude oil in an organic solvent in which phospholipid micelles are formed; and (b) passing, in solution in a non-polar solvent, the constituants contained in said retentate fraction through an adsorbant, wherein said adsorbant is a metal oxide or metalloid oxide adsorbant with an average pore size of 30 to 2,000 A and is selected from the group consisting of silicas, aluminas and mixtures thereof.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
26 words
The process according to claim 13 wherein the weight ratio of the oil contained in said permeate fraction solution to said adsorbant is 0.3:1 to 20:1.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
19 words
The process according to claim 13 wherein said crude oil solution contains 10 to 50 percent by weight oil.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
20 words
The process according to claim 13 wherein said process is carried out at a temperature of 0° to 70° C.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
23 words
The process according to claim 13 wherein said organic solvent in which phospholipid micelles are formed and said non-polar solvent are the same.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
24 words
The process according to claim 17 wherein said solvent is selected from the group consisting of inert hydrocarbons, halogenated inert hydrocarbons and mixtures thereof.
Claim 21
Dependent Claim
11 words
The process according to claim 18 wherein said solvent is hexane.
Claim 22
Dependent Claim
66 words
The process according to claim 13 wherein (a) the weight ratio of the oil in said permeate fraction solution to said adsorbant is 0.3:1 to 20:1; (b) said crude oil solution contains 10 to 50 percent by weight oil; (c) said process is carried out at a temperature of 0° to 70° C; and (c) said organic solvent in which phospholipid micelles are formed is hexane.
Claim 23
Dependent Claim
9 words
Refined lecithin by the process according to claim 13.
Claim 24
Dependent Claim
9 words
Refined lecithin by the process according to claim 20.
Claim 25
Dependent Claim
120 words
A process for refining purified glyceride oil from crude glyceride oil comprising the steps of: (a) passing said crude oil, in solution in a non-polar solvent, wherein said solution contains 5 to 90 percent by weight oil, through an adsorbant, wherein said adsorbant is a metal oxide or metalloid oxide adsorbant with an average pore size of 30 to 2,000 A and is selected from the group consisting of silicas, aluminas and mixtures thereof; (b) separating different molecular weight constituants of the eluate into retentate and permeate fractions, by ultrafiltering, under pressure, through a semipermeable membrane, a solution of said constituants in an organic solvent in which phospholipid micelles are formed; and (c) removing said solvent from said permeate fraction.
Claim 26
Dependent Claim
120 words
A process for refining purified glyceride oil from crude glyceride oil comprising the steps of: (a) passing said crude oil, in solution in a non-polar solvent, wherein said solution contains 5 to 90 percent by weight oil, through an adsorbant, wherein said adsorbant is a metal oxide or metalloid oxide adsorbant with an average pore size of 30 to 2,000 A and is selected from the group consisting of silicas, aluminas and mixtures thereof; (b) separating different molecular weight constituants of the eluate into retentate and permeate fractions, by ultrafiltering, under pressure, through a semipermeable membrane, a solution of said constituants in an organic solvent in which phospholipid micelles are formed; and (c) removing said solvent from said permeate fraction.
Claim 27
Dependent Claim
12 words
The process according to claim 23 further comprising a bleaching treatment step.
Claim 28
Dependent Claim
11 words
The process according to claim 23 further comprising a deodorizing step.
Claim 29
Dependent Claim
26 words
The process according to claim 23 wherein the weight ratio of the oil contained in said permeate fraction solution to said adsorbant is 0.3:1 to 20:1.
Claim 30
Dependent Claim
19 words
The process according to claim 23 wherein said crude oil solution contains 10 to 15 percent by weight oil.
Claim 31
Dependent Claim
20 words
The process according to claim 23 wherein said process is carried out at a temperature of 0° to 70° C.
Claim 32
Dependent Claim
23 words
The process according to claim 23 wherein said organic solvent in which phospholipid micelles are formed and said non-polar solvent are the same.
Claim 33
Dependent Claim
24 words
The process according to claim 29 wherein said solvent is selected from the group consisting of inert hydrocarbons, halogenated inert hydrocarbons and mixtures thereof.
Claim 34
Dependent Claim
11 words
The process according to claim 30 wherein said solvent is hexane.
Claim 35
Dependent Claim
66 words
The process according to claim 23 wherein (a) the weight ratio of the oil in said permeate fraction solution to said adsorbant is 0.3:1 to 20:1; (b) said crude oil solution contains 10 to 50 percent by weight oil; (c) said process is carried out at a temperature of 0° to 70° C; and (c) said organic solvent in which phospholipid micelles are formed is hexane.
Claim 36
Dependent Claim
10 words
Refined glyceride oil by the process according to claim 23.
Claim 37
Dependent Claim
10 words
Refined glyceride oil by the process according to claim 32.
Claim 38
Dependent Claim
119 words
A process for refining purified lecithin from crude glyceride oil comprising the steps of: (a) passing said crude oil, in solution in a non-polar solvent, wherein said solution contains 5 to 90 percent by weight oil, through an adsorbant, wherein said adsorbant is a metal oxide or metalloid oxide adsorbant with an average pore size of 30 to 2,000 A and is selected from the group consisting of silicas, aluminas and mixtures thereof; (b) separating different molecular weight constituants of the eluate into retentate and permeate fractions, by ultrafiltering, under pressure, through a semipermeable membrane, a solution of said constituants in an organic solvent in which phospholipid micelles are formed; and (c) removing said solvent from said permeate fraction.
Claim 39
Dependent Claim
119 words
A process for refining purified lecithin from crude glyceride oil comprising the steps of: (a) passing said crude oil, in solution in a non-polar solvent, wherein said solution contains 5 to 90 percent by weight oil, through an adsorbant, wherein said adsorbant is a metal oxide or metalloid oxide adsorbant with an average pore size of 30 to 2,000 A and is selected from the group consisting of silicas, aluminas and mixtures thereof; (b) separating different molecular weight constituants of the eluate into retentate and permeate fractions, by ultrafiltering, under pressure, through a semipermeable membrane, a solution of said constituants in an organic solvent in which phospholipid micelles are formed; and (c) removing said solvent from said permeate fraction.
Claim 40
Dependent Claim
26 words
The process according to claim 35 wherein the weight ratio of the oil contained in said permeate fraction solution to said adsorbant is 0.3:1 to 20:1.
Claim 41
Dependent Claim
19 words
The process according to claim 35 wherein said crude oil solution contains 10 to 50 percent by weight oil.
Claim 42
Dependent Claim
20 words
The process according to claim 35 wherein said process is carried out at a temperature of 0° to 70° C.
Claim 43
Dependent Claim
23 words
The process according to claim 35 wherein said organic solvent in which phospholipid micelles are formed and said non-polar solvent are the same.
Claim 44
Dependent Claim
24 words
The process according to claim 39 wherein said solvent is selected from the group consisting of inert hydrocarbons, halogenated inert hydrocarbons and mixtures thereof.
Claim 45
Dependent Claim
11 words
The process according to claim 40 wherein said solvent is hexane.
Claim 46
Dependent Claim
66 words
The process according to claim 35 wherein (a) the weight ratio of the oil in said permeate fraction solution to said adsorbant is 0.3:1 to 20:1; (b) said crude oil solution contains 10 to 50 percent by weight oil; (c) said process is carried out at a temperature of 0° to 70° C; and (c) said organic solvent in which phospholipid micelles are formed is hexane.
Claim 47
Dependent Claim
9 words
Refined lecithin by the process according to claim 35.
Claim 48
Dependent Claim
9 words
Refined lecithin by the process according to claim 42.
References Cited (Backward Citations)
USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1981-06-05 | 1981-12-05 | 1982-06-06 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1985-06-05 | 1985-12-05 | 1986-06-06 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1989-06-05 | 1989-12-05 | 1990-06-06 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |