US4089755A
Expired / Lapsed
US
⏱️ 0.0 years remaining
Acid bright zinc plating
Assignee: MacDermid Inc
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Filing: 1977-07-11
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Granted: 1978-05-16
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Expires: 1997-07-11
Abstract
Abstract Acid electroplating baths for bright zinc plating containing a zinc salt, ammonium chloride and bath additives which include a carrier component comprising an alkyl substituted ammonium propoxylate salt, preferably a trialkylammonium propoxylate salt, and a lower molecular weight alkyl substituted naphthalene sulfonic acid, or bath soluble salt thereof, in combination with other brighteners and grain refiners for providing bright, ductile, fine grained, adherent deposits over a broad current density range.
Inventors
- 👤 Carl P. Steinecker
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-31 23:06
CPC Classifications
C; C25; C25D; C25D3/00; C25D3/02; C25D3/22
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 15
Claim 1
Independent Claim
192 words
An aqueous bath for producing a bright zinc electroplated deposit having a pH of from 4.0 to 6.5 and including from 20 to 100 grams per liter of zinc salt; from 100 to 200 grams per liter of ammonium chloride; from about 0.5 to about 20 grams per liter of a primary additive component, from about 0.05 to about 5.0 grams per liter of a brightening agent, and from about 0.5 to about 20 grams per liter of an auxiliary additive component, said primary additive component comprising a mixture of a cationic quaternary ammonium surfactant of the formula ##STR6## wherein R, R 1 and R 3 are lower alkyl radicals, R 2 is a polyoxypropylene radical and A is selected from the group consisting of halogen, sulfate and sulfamate, said ammonium surfactant having a molecular weight of from 500 to 3000 together with a lower alkyl substituted naphthalene sulfonic acid or water soluble salt thereof wherein the alkyl groups contain from 1 to 4 carbon atoms, the amount of cationic quaternary ammonium surfactant to alkylated naphthalene sulfonic acid or water soluble salt thereof ranging from about 10:1 to 1:10 parts by weight.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
192 words
An aqueous bath for producing a bright zinc electroplated deposit having a pH of from 4.0 to 6.5 and including from 20 to 100 grams per liter of zinc salt; from 100 to 200 grams per liter of ammonium chloride; from about 0.5 to about 20 grams per liter of a primary additive component, from about 0.05 to about 5.0 grams per liter of a brightening agent, and from about 0.5 to about 20 grams per liter of an auxiliary additive component, said primary additive component comprising a mixture of a cationic quaternary ammonium surfactant of the formula ##STR6## wherein R, R 1 and R 3 are lower alkyl radicals, R 2 is a polyoxypropylene radical and A is selected from the group consisting of halogen, sulfate and sulfamate, said ammonium surfactant having a molecular weight of from 500 to 3000 together with a lower alkyl substituted naphthalene sulfonic acid or water soluble salt thereof wherein the alkyl groups contain from 1 to 4 carbon atoms, the amount of cationic quaternary ammonium surfactant to alkylated naphthalene sulfonic acid or water soluble salt thereof ranging from about 10:1 to 1:10 parts by weight.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
37 words
The aqueous bath of claim 1 wherein R is methyl, R 1 and R 3 are each ethyl, R 2 is a polyoxypropylene radical and A is selected from the group consisting of halogen, sulfate and sulfamate.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
32 words
The aqueous bath of claim 1 wherein said alkylated naphthalene sulfonic acids and water soluble salts thereof are mono and dialkyl substituted and said alkyl groups contain 1 or 2 carbon atoms.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
23 words
The aqueous bath of claim 1 wherein said alkylated naphthalene sulfonate is selected from the group alkali metal mono and dimethyl naphthalene sulfonate.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
16 words
The aqueous bath of claim 4 wherein said alkylated naphthalene sulfonate is sodium methyl naphthalene sulfonate.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
16 words
The aqueous bath of claim 4 wherein said alkylated naphthalene sulfonate is sodium dimethyl naphthalene sulfonate.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
31 words
The aqueous bath of claim 1 wherein the amount of cationic quaternary ammonium surfactant to alkylated naphthalene sulfonic acid or water soluble salt is about 1 to 1 parts by weight.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
26 words
The aqueous bath of claim 1 wherein said primary additive component is present in an amount of from about 2 to about 10 grams per liter.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
54 words
The aqueous bath of claim 1 wherein said cationic quaternary surfactant is present in said bath in an amount of from about 0.5 to about 10 grams per liter and said alkylated naphthalene sulfonic acid or water soluble salt thereof is present in an amount of from 0.5 to about 10 grams per liter.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
45 words
The bath of claim 1 wherein said brightening agent is selected from the group consisting of aryl ketones, aryl aldehydes, tetrahydro- and ring halogenated aryl ketones and aldehydes, heterocyclic aldehydes and ketones, carbocyclic aldehydes and ketones, and aliphatic aldehydes having four to seven carbon atoms.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
27 words
The bath of claim 1 wherein said brightening agent is selected from the group ortho-chlorobenzaldehyde, parachlorobenzaldehyde, benzylidene acetone, coumarin, thiophene aldehyde, cinnamic aldehyde, glutaraldehyde, beta-ionone, and 1,2,3,6-tetrahydrobenzaldehyde.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
31 words
The bath of claim 1 wherein said auxiliary additive component is selected from the group ethyl hexyl sulfate, ethoxylated alkyl sulfates, the sulfobetaine surfactants and aromatic acid salts and homologs thereof.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
47 words
The bath of claim 1 wherein said auxiliary additive component is selected from the group consisting of sodium benzoate, potassium benzoate, sodium 2-methylbenzoate, sodium 2-methoxybenzoate, sodium 4-chlorobenzoate, sodium 4-methoxybenzoate, sodium 4-ethoxybenzoate, sodium 4-butoxybenzoate, sodium 2,4-diethylbenzoate, sodium 4-hexylbenzoate, sodium 2-allylbenzoate, sodium 3pent-4-enylbenzoate, 3-hydroxy-2-naphthoic acid, and pyridine carboxylic acid.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
25 words
A method of forming bright zinc electrodeposits which comprises making a workpiece having a metallic surface the cathode in the aqueous bath of claim 1.
References Cited (Backward Citations)
USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1981-05-15 | 1981-11-14 | 1982-05-16 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1985-05-15 | 1985-11-14 | 1986-05-16 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1989-05-15 | 1989-11-14 | 1990-05-16 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |