US4088603A
Expired / Lapsed
US
⏱️ 0.0 years remaining
Catalyst activation process
Assignee: ExxonMobil Technology and Engineering Co
•
Filing: 1977-06-07
•
Granted: 1978-05-09
•
Expires: 1997-06-07
Abstract
Abstract The instant invention pertains to a process for activating a reducing catalyst comprising the steps: (a) reducing said catalyst by heating the catalyst in the presence of hydrogen at a temperature sufficient to partially active catalyst; (b) contacting said partially active catalyst in the presence of hydrogen with a reactant feed which undergoes an exothermic reaction in the presence of said partially activated catalyst at conditions whereby said reaction occurs, said conditions including a temperature at least greater than the temperature at which the catalyst is partially activated; and (c) continuing said contacting for a time sufficient to convert said partially activated catalyst to a high activity catalyst. The catalyst is preferably a massive nickel catalyst comprised of nickel and silica, and more preferably comprised of nickel, copper and silica, and capable of having a reduced nickel surface area ranging from 55 to 100 m2/g and a B.E.T. total surface area ranging from 150 to 300 m2/g.
Inventors
- 👤 James L. Carter
- 👤 John H. Sinfelt
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-11-06 17:32
CPC Classifications
B; B01; B01J; B01J35/00; B01J35/60; B01J23/00; B01J23/90; B01J23/94; B01J37/00; B01J37/16; B01J21/00; B01J21/06; B01J21/08; B01J23/70; B01J23/74; B01J23/755; B01J35/61; B01J35/615
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 27
Claim 1
Independent Claim
104 words
A process for activating a reducing catalyst comprising the sequential steps: (a) reducing said catalyst by heating the catalyst in the presence of hydrogen at a temperature sufficient to partially activate the catalyst; (b) contacting said partially active catalyst in the presence of hydrogen with a reactant feed which undergoes an exothermic reaction in the presence of said partially activated catalyst at conditions whereby said reaction occurs, said conditions including temperatures at least greater than the temperatures at which the catalyst is partially activated; and (c) continuing said contacting for a time sufficient to convert said partially activated catalyst to a high activity catalyst.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
104 words
A process for activating a reducing catalyst comprising the sequential steps: (a) reducing said catalyst by heating the catalyst in the presence of hydrogen at a temperature sufficient to partially activate the catalyst; (b) contacting said partially active catalyst in the presence of hydrogen with a reactant feed which undergoes an exothermic reaction in the presence of said partially activated catalyst at conditions whereby said reaction occurs, said conditions including temperatures at least greater than the temperatures at which the catalyst is partially activated; and (c) continuing said contacting for a time sufficient to convert said partially activated catalyst to a high activity catalyst.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
24 words
The process of claim 1 wherein the heating in step (a) is in the range from about 210° to less than about 235° C.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
13 words
The process of claim 1 wherein said reducing catalyst is comprised of nickel.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
15 words
The process of claim 1 wherein said reducing catalyst is comprised of nickel and silica.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
48 words
The process of claim 1 wherein said reducing catalyst is comprised of nickel and silica and capable of having a reduced nickel surface area ranging from 55 to about 100 m 2 /g and a B.E.T. total surface area ranging from 150 to about 300 m 2 /g.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
11 words
The process of claim 5 wherein said catalyst additionally includes copper.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
17 words
The process of claim 1 wherein said reactant feed comprises an unsaturated hydrocarbon or oxygenated derivative thereof.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
18 words
The process of claim 7 wherein said unsaturated hydrocarbon is a C 6 to C 20 aromatic hydrocarbon.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
18 words
The process of claim 7 wherein said unsaturated hydrocarbon is a C 2 to C 20 olefinic hydrocarbon.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
140 words
A process for activating a reducing catalyst comprised of nickel and silica and capable of having a reduced nickel surface area ranging from about 55 to about 100 m 2 /g and a total surface area ranging from about 150 to about 300 m 2 /g, comprising the steps: (a) reducing the catalyst by heating the catalyst in increments in the presence of hydrogen at a temperature sufficient to partially activate the catalyst; (b) contacting said partially active catalyst in the presence of hydrogen with a reactant feed which undergoes an exothermic reaction in the presence of said partially activated catalyst at conditions whereby said reaction occurs, said conditions including a temperature ranging from about 235° to about 275° C.; and (c) continuing said contacting for a time sufficient to convert said partially activated catalyst to a high activity catalyst.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
140 words
A process for activating a reducing catalyst comprised of nickel and silica and capable of having a reduced nickel surface area ranging from about 55 to about 100 m 2 /g and a total surface area ranging from about 150 to about 300 m 2 /g, comprising the steps: (a) reducing the catalyst by heating the catalyst in increments in the presence of hydrogen at a temperature sufficient to partially activate the catalyst; (b) contacting said partially active catalyst in the presence of hydrogen with a reactant feed which undergoes an exothermic reaction in the presence of said partially activated catalyst at conditions whereby said reaction occurs, said conditions including a temperature ranging from about 235° to about 275° C.; and (c) continuing said contacting for a time sufficient to convert said partially activated catalyst to a high activity catalyst.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
30 words
The process of claim 10 wherein said heating in step (a) is conducted until a temperature in the range from about 210° to less than about 235° C. is attained.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
11 words
The process of claim 10 wherein said catalyst additionally includes copper.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
17 words
The process of claim 10 wherein said reactant feed comprises an unsaturated hydrocarbon or oxygenated derivative thereof.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
18 words
The process of claim 13 wherein said unsaturated hydrocarbon is a C 6 to C 20 aromatic hydrocarbon.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
17 words
The process of claim 13 wherein said unsaturated hydrocarbon is C 2 to C 20 olefinic hydrocarbon.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
182 words
A process for activating a massive nickel reducing catalyst, said catalyst comprising copper, nickel and silica, and said catalyst being characterized as capable of having a reduced nickel surface area ranging from 55 to about 100 m 2 /g and a B.E.T. total surface area ranging from 150 to about 300 m 2 /g, comprising the steps: (a) reducing said catalyst by heating the catalyst in increments in the presence of hydrogen until said catalyst attains temperatures ranging from about 210° to less than about 235° C. and maintaining said temperatures for a time sufficient to yield a partially activated catalyst; (b) contacting said partially active catalyst in the presence of hydrogen with a reactant feed which undergoes an exothermic reaction in the presence of said partially activated catalyst at conditions whereby said reaction occurs, said conditions including temperatures ranging from about 235° C. to about 275° C., whereby the temperatures at the catalyst surface exceeds the temperature of the catalyst bed; and (c) continuing said contacting for a time sufficient to convert said partially activated catalyst to a high activity catalyst.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
182 words
A process for activating a massive nickel reducing catalyst, said catalyst comprising copper, nickel and silica, and said catalyst being characterized as capable of having a reduced nickel surface area ranging from 55 to about 100 m 2 /g and a B.E.T. total surface area ranging from 150 to about 300 m 2 /g, comprising the steps: (a) reducing said catalyst by heating the catalyst in increments in the presence of hydrogen until said catalyst attains temperatures ranging from about 210° to less than about 235° C. and maintaining said temperatures for a time sufficient to yield a partially activated catalyst; (b) contacting said partially active catalyst in the presence of hydrogen with a reactant feed which undergoes an exothermic reaction in the presence of said partially activated catalyst at conditions whereby said reaction occurs, said conditions including temperatures ranging from about 235° C. to about 275° C., whereby the temperatures at the catalyst surface exceeds the temperature of the catalyst bed; and (c) continuing said contacting for a time sufficient to convert said partially activated catalyst to a high activity catalyst.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
49 words
The process of claim 16 wherein said catalyst is prepared by contacting a porous support with a solution of nickel, copper and silicate ions at conditions whereby said ions are coprecipitated onto said support to yield a composite comprising nickel, copper and silica precursors supported on said porous support.
Claim 21
Dependent Claim
13 words
The process of claim 17 wherein said porous support is a particulate support.
Claim 22
Dependent Claim
18 words
The process of claim 18 wherein said support is selected from the group consisting of silica and kieselguhr.
Claim 23
Dependent Claim
16 words
The process of claim 18 wherein said feed comprises an unsaturated hydrocarbon or oxygenated derivative thereof.
Claim 24
Dependent Claim
18 words
The process of claim 20 wherein said unsaturated hydrocarbon is a C 6 to C 20 aromatic hydrocarbon.
Claim 25
Dependent Claim
17 words
The process of claim 20 wherein said unsaturated hydrocarbon is C 2 to C 20 olefinic hydrocarbon.
Claim 26
Dependent Claim
44 words
The process of claim 18 wherein said (a) is continued at temperatures ranging from about 210° C. to less than about 235° C. for a time sufficient to yield a catalyst having an activity ranging from 10 to 75% of the fully activated catalyst.
Claim 27
Dependent Claim
30 words
The process of claim 23 wherein step (b) is carried out at conditions sufficient to yield a catalyst with an activity of greater than 75% of the fully activated catalyst.
References Cited (Backward Citations)
US2750261A
Cited
US3173881A
Cited
GB1158418A
Cited
US3696026A
Cited
US3670041A
Cited
US3868332A
Cited
USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1981-05-08 | 1981-11-07 | 1982-05-09 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1985-05-08 | 1985-11-07 | 1986-05-09 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1989-05-08 | 1989-11-07 | 1990-05-09 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |