US4086177A
Expired / Lapsed
US
⏱️ 0.0 years remaining
Activated bleaching process and compositions therefor
Assignee: Shell USA Inc
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Filing: 1976-02-09
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Granted: 1978-04-25
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Expires: 1996-02-09
Abstract
Abstract A process for the activation of peroxide-based bleaches comprises conjointly incorporating into an aqueous medium a peroxide-based bleach, sufficient buffering agent to maintain the aqueous medium under alkaline conditions and certain metal cyanamides (e.g., calcium cyanamide, disodium cyanamide and sodium acid cyanamide), which have been found to be highly effective peroxide activators when employed under alkaline conditions. Stable concentrated liquid and solid metal cyanamide-activated bleaching compositions are also disclosed.
Inventors
- 👤 Hans E. Kubitschek
- 👤 Louis Kravetz
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-11-04 08:54
CPC Classifications
C; C11; C11D; C11D3/00; C11D3/39; C11D3/3902; C11D3/3905; C11D3/3907; C11D3/3917; C11D3/3922; D; D06; D06L; D06L4/00; D06L4/10; D06L4/12
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 30
Claim 1
Independent Claim
47 words
A process for activating a peroxide-based bleach which comprises conjointly incorporating into an aqueous medium effective amounts of (a) a peroxide-based bleach, (b) a peroxide-activating amount of a Group IA or IIA metal cyanamide and (c) a buffering agent to maintain the aqueous medium under alkaline conditions.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
47 words
A process for activating a peroxide-based bleach which comprises conjointly incorporating into an aqueous medium effective amounts of (a) a peroxide-based bleach, (b) a peroxide-activating amount of a Group IA or IIA metal cyanamide and (c) a buffering agent to maintain the aqueous medium under alkaline conditions.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
19 words
The process of claim 1 wherein the temperature of the aqueous medium is from 60° to about 160° F.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
28 words
The process of claim 1 wherein the amount of buffering agent is sufficient to maintain the pH of the aqueous medium within the range 7.5 to about 13.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
15 words
The process of claim 1 wherein the peroxide-based bleach is sodium perborate or sodium percarbonate.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
19 words
The process of claim 4 wherein the peroxide-based bleach or metal cyanamide activator also serves as the buffering agent.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
19 words
The process of claim 5 wherein the metal cyanamide activator is calcium cyanamide, disodium cyanamide or sodium acid cyanamide.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
22 words
The process of claim 6 wherein the peroxide-based bleach is sodium perborate monohydrate and the metal cyanamide activator is sodium acid cyanamide.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
30 words
The process of claim 7 wherein the amount of buffering agent is sufficient to maintain the pH of the aqueous medium within the range of about 8.0 to about 11.5.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
27 words
A stable concentrated bleaching composition consisting essentially of a peroxide-based bleach and a peroxide-activating amount of a Group IA or IIA metal cyanamide as an activator therefore.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
27 words
A stable concentrated bleaching composition consisting essentially of a peroxide-based bleach and a peroxide-activating amount of a Group IA or IIA metal cyanamide as an activator therefore.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
33 words
The bleaching composition of claim 9 wherein the amount of peroxide-based bleach in the bleaching composition is from about 1 to about 35% by weight, calculated as hydrogen peroxide, of the total composition.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
20 words
The bleaching composition of claim 10 wherein the molar ratio of metal cyanamide to peroxide-based bleach is 1:20 to 20:1.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
20 words
The bleaching composition of claim 11 wherein the metal cyanamide activator is calcium cyanamide, disodium cyanamide or sodium acid cyanamide.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
19 words
The bleaching composition of claim 12 wherein the molar ratio of activator to peroxide-based bleach is 1:1 to 1:10.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
13 words
The bleaching composition of claim 11 wherein the peroxide-based bleach is sodium percarbonate.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
13 words
The bleaching composition of claim 11 wherein the peroxide-based bleach is sodium percarbonate.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
15 words
The bleaching composition of claim 15 wherein the metal cyanamide activator is sodium acid cyanamide.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
14 words
The bleaching composition of claim 16 wherein the sodium perborate is sodium perborate monohydrate.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
11 words
The bleaching composition of claim 15 which additionally contains a detergent.
Claim 21
Dependent Claim
16 words
The bleaching composition of claim 18 wherein the peroxide-based bleach or metal cyanamide activator is encapsulated.
Claim 22
Dependent Claim
59 words
A bleaching/washing composition consisting essentially of an aqueous medium containing from about 2 to about 600 millimoles/liter of a peroxide-based bleach, calculated as hydrogen peroxide, a peroxide-activating amount of a Group IA or IIA metal cyanamide, a buffering agent to maintain the pH of the aqueous medium within the range of 7.5 to about 13 and a bleachable substance.
Claim 23
Dependent Claim
59 words
A bleaching/washing composition consisting essentially of an aqueous medium containing from about 2 to about 600 millimoles/liter of a peroxide-based bleach, calculated as hydrogen peroxide, a peroxide-activating amount of a Group IA or IIA metal cyanamide, a buffering agent to maintain the pH of the aqueous medium within the range of 7.5 to about 13 and a bleachable substance.
Claim 24
Dependent Claim
9 words
The composition of claim 20 additionally containing a detergent.
Claim 25
Dependent Claim
45 words
The composition of claim 21 wherein the aqueous medium contains from about 2 to about 12 millimoles/liter of peroxide-based bleach, calculated as hydrogen peroxide and sufficient buffering agent to maintain the pH of the aqueous medium within the range of about 8.0 to about 11.5.
Claim 26
Dependent Claim
12 words
The composition of claim 22 wherein the bleachable substance is a fabric.
Claim 27
Dependent Claim
54 words
In a process for manufacturing a built laundry detergent composition comprising a synthetic detergent and an alkaline detergent builder, the improvement which comprises incorporating into said detergent composition from 0.1 to 2% by weight, calculated as hydrogen peroxide, of a peroxide-based bleach and a peroxide-activating amount of a Group IA or IIA metal cyanamide.
Claim 28
Dependent Claim
54 words
In a process for manufacturing a built laundry detergent composition comprising a synthetic detergent and an alkaline detergent builder, the improvement which comprises incorporating into said detergent composition from 0.1 to 2% by weight, calculated as hydrogen peroxide, of a peroxide-based bleach and a peroxide-activating amount of a Group IA or IIA metal cyanamide.
Claim 29
Dependent Claim
52 words
A laundry detergent composition consisting essentially of (1) a major amount of a synthetic detergent and an alkaline detergent builder, (2) a minor amount, from 0.1 to 2% by weight, calculated as hydrogen peroxide, of a peroxide-based bleach and (3) a peroxide activating amount of a Group IA or IIA metal cyanamide.
Claim 30
Dependent Claim
52 words
A laundry detergent composition consisting essentially of (1) a major amount of a synthetic detergent and an alkaline detergent builder, (2) a minor amount, from 0.1 to 2% by weight, calculated as hydrogen peroxide, of a peroxide-based bleach and (3) a peroxide activating amount of a Group IA or IIA metal cyanamide.
References Cited (Backward Citations)
US3378444A
Cited
USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1981-04-24 | 1981-10-24 | 1982-04-25 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1985-04-24 | 1985-10-24 | 1986-04-25 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1989-04-24 | 1989-10-24 | 1990-04-25 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |