US4086175A
Expired / Lapsed
US
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Activated bleaching process and compositions therefor
Assignee: Shell USA Inc
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Filing: 1976-11-22
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Granted: 1978-04-25
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Expires: 1996-11-22
Abstract
Abstract A process for the activation of peroxide-based bleaches comprises conjointly incorporating into an aqueous medium a peroxide-based bleach, sufficient buffering agent to maintain the aqueous medium under alkaline conditions, cyanamide or a metal cyanamide as a peroxide activator, and magnesium, which acts in conjunction with cyanamide or metal cyanamide to further activate the peroxide-based bleach. Stable concentrated liquid or solid peroxide-based bleach compositions containing cyanamide or a metal cyanamide activator and a magnesium compound are also disclosed.
Inventors
- 👤 Louis N. Kravetz
- 👤 Hans E. Kubitschek
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-27 10:06
CPC Classifications
C; C11; C11D; C11D3/00; C11D3/39; C11D3/3902; C11D3/3905; C11D3/3907; C11D3/3917; C11D3/3922; D; D06; D06L; D06L4/00; D06L4/10; D06L4/12
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 34
Claim 1
Independent Claim
54 words
A process for activating a peroxide-based bleach which comprises conjointly incorporating into an aqueous medium effective amounts of (a) a peroxide-based bleach, (b) a peroxide-activating amount of cyanamide or a Group IA or Group IIA metal cyanamide, (c) a magnesium compound and (d) a buffering agent to maintain the aqueous medium under alkaline conditions.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
54 words
A process for activating a peroxide-based bleach which comprises conjointly incorporating into an aqueous medium effective amounts of (a) a peroxide-based bleach, (b) a peroxide-activating amount of cyanamide or a Group IA or Group IIA metal cyanamide, (c) a magnesium compound and (d) a buffering agent to maintain the aqueous medium under alkaline conditions.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
17 words
The process of claim 1 wherein the peroxide-based bleach is hydrogen peroxide, sodium perborate or sodium percarbonate.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
15 words
The process of claim 2 wherein the magnesium compound is a magnesium salt or oxide.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
20 words
The process of claim 3 wherein the peroxide activator is cyanamide or a Group IA or Group IIA metal cyanamide.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
24 words
The process of claim 4 wherein the peroxide-based bleach, metal cyanamide activator or the magnesium salt or oxide also serves as the buffering agent.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
20 words
The process of claim 3 wherein an alkali metal phosphate, carbonate or silicate is additionally incorporated into the aqueous medium.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
28 words
The process of claim 3 wherein the amount of buffering agent is sufficient to maintain the pH of the aqueous medium within the range of 8.5 to 11.5.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
19 words
The process of claim 3 wherein the temperature of the aqueous bleaching medium is from 60° to 160° F.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
22 words
The process of claim 7 wherein the magnesium compound is magnesium hydroxide, magnesium sulfate, magnesium chloride, magnesium nitrate or dimagnesium ethylenediamine tetraacetate.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
19 words
The process of claim 9 wherein the peroxide activator is cyanamide, calcium cyanamide, disodium cyanamide or sodium acid cyanamide.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
12 words
The process of claim 9 wherein the peroxide-based bleach is sodium perborate.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
62 words
A stable concentrated bleaching composition consisting essentially of (a) from 1 to 35% by weight, calculated as hydrogen peroxide, of the total composition of a peroxide-based bleach, (b) a peroxide-activating amount of cyanamide or Group IA or Group IIA metal cyanamide and (c) a magnesium compound, the molar ratio of the magnesium compound to the peroxide-based bleach being from 1:60 to 25:1.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
62 words
A stable concentrated bleaching composition consisting essentially of (a) from 1 to 35% by weight, calculated as hydrogen peroxide, of the total composition of a peroxide-based bleach, (b) a peroxide-activating amount of cyanamide or Group IA or Group IIA metal cyanamide and (c) a magnesium compound, the molar ratio of the magnesium compound to the peroxide-based bleach being from 1:60 to 25:1.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
33 words
The composition of claim 12 wherein the peroxide-based bleach is an aqueous solution of hydrogen peroxide and the peroxide activator is cyanamide, said aqueous solution being buffered to pH of 2 to 5.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
18 words
The composition of claim 13 wherein the molar ratio of cyanamide to hydrogen peroxide is 1:20 to 20:1.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
30 words
The composition of claim 12 wherein the peroxide-based bleach is sodium perborate or sodium percarbonate, and the peroxide activator is cyanamide or a Group IA or Group IIA metal cyanamide.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
15 words
The composition of claim 15 wherein the magnesium compound is a magnesium salt or oxide.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
22 words
The composition of claim 16 wherein the molar ratio of peroxide activator to sodium perborate or sodium percarbonate is 1:20 to 20:1.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
18 words
The composition of claim 17 wherein the peroxide activator is calcium cyanamide, sodium acid cyanamide or disodium cyanamide.
Claim 21
Dependent Claim
14 words
The composition of claim 18 additionally containing an alkali metal phosphate, carbonate or silicate.
Claim 22
Dependent Claim
20 words
The composition of claim 18 wherein the magnesium compound is magnesium sulfate, magnesium chloride, magnesium nitrate or dimagnesium ethylenediamine tetraacetate.
Claim 23
Dependent Claim
16 words
The composition of claim 20 additionally containing sodium tripolyphosphate, trisodium phosphate, sodium carbonate or sodium silicate.
Claim 24
Dependent Claim
15 words
The composition of claim 21 wherein the peroxide-based bleach or the peroxide activator is encapsulated.
Claim 25
Dependent Claim
73 words
A bleaching/washing composition consisting essentially of an aqueous medium containing (a) from 2 to about 600 millimoles/liter of a peroxide-based bleach, (b) a peroxide-activating amount of cyanamide or Group IA or Group IIA metal cyanamide, (c) a magnesium compound (d) an alkaline buffering agent to maintain the aqueous medium under alkaline conditions and (e) a bleachable substance, the molar ratio of the magnesium compound to the peroxide-based bleach being from 1:60 to 25:1.
Claim 26
Dependent Claim
73 words
A bleaching/washing composition consisting essentially of an aqueous medium containing (a) from 2 to about 600 millimoles/liter of a peroxide-based bleach, (b) a peroxide-activating amount of cyanamide or Group IA or Group IIA metal cyanamide, (c) a magnesium compound (d) an alkaline buffering agent to maintain the aqueous medium under alkaline conditions and (e) a bleachable substance, the molar ratio of the magnesium compound to the peroxide-based bleach being from 1:60 to 25:1.
Claim 27
Dependent Claim
15 words
The composition of claim 23 wherein the magnesium compound is a magnesium salt or oxide.
Claim 28
Dependent Claim
29 words
The composition of claim 24 wherein the concentration of peroxide-based bleach in the aqueous medium is from 2 to about 12 millimoles/liter, and the bleachable substance is a fabric.
Claim 29
Dependent Claim
20 words
The composition of claim 25 wherein the aqueous medium additionally contains sodium tripolyphosphate, trisodium phosphate, sodium carbonate or sodium silicate.
Claim 30
Dependent Claim
22 words
The composition of claim 25 wherein the concentration of magnesium in the aqueous medium is from about 0.1 to about 6 millimoles/liter.
Claim 31
Dependent Claim
78 words
In a process for manufacturing a built laundry detergent composition containing a synthetic detergent and an alkaline detergent builder, the improvement which comprises incorporating into said detergent composition (a) from 0.1 to 2% by weight, calculated as hydrogen peroxide, of a peroxide-based bleach, (b) a peroxide-activating amount of cyanamide or Group I or Group IIA metal cyanamide and (c) a magnesium compound, the molar ratio of the magnesium compound to the peroxide-based bleach being from 1:60 to 25:1.
Claim 32
Dependent Claim
78 words
In a process for manufacturing a built laundry detergent composition containing a synthetic detergent and an alkaline detergent builder, the improvement which comprises incorporating into said detergent composition (a) from 0.1 to 2% by weight, calculated as hydrogen peroxide, of a peroxide-based bleach, (b) a peroxide-activating amount of cyanamide or Group I or Group IIA metal cyanamide and (c) a magnesium compound, the molar ratio of the magnesium compound to the peroxide-based bleach being from 1:60 to 25:1.
Claim 33
Dependent Claim
74 words
A built laundry detergent composition consisting essentially of (a) a major amount of a synthetic detergent and an alkaline detergent builder, (b) a minor amount from 0.1 to 2% by weight, calculated as hydrogen peroxide, of a peroxide-based bleach, (c) a peroxide-activating amount of cyanamide or Group IA or Group IIA metal cyanamide and (d) a magnesium compound, the molar ratio of the magnesium compound to the peroxide-based bleach being from 1:60 to 25:1.
Claim 34
Dependent Claim
74 words
A built laundry detergent composition consisting essentially of (a) a major amount of a synthetic detergent and an alkaline detergent builder, (b) a minor amount from 0.1 to 2% by weight, calculated as hydrogen peroxide, of a peroxide-based bleach, (c) a peroxide-activating amount of cyanamide or Group IA or Group IIA metal cyanamide and (d) a magnesium compound, the molar ratio of the magnesium compound to the peroxide-based bleach being from 1:60 to 25:1.
References Cited (Backward Citations)
US3494786A
Cited
US3756774A
Cited
USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1981-04-24 | 1981-10-24 | 1982-04-25 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1985-04-24 | 1985-10-24 | 1986-04-25 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1989-04-24 | 1989-10-24 | 1990-04-25 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |