US4081252A
Expired / Lapsed
US
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Method of improving combustion of fuels and fuel compositions
Assignee: Individual
•
Filing: 1976-06-16
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Granted: 1978-03-28
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Expires: 1996-06-16
Abstract
Abstract Disclosure is made of a method of improving the combustion of base fuels selected from ammonia, petroleum distillates, alcohols and amines. The method comprises the addition of hydrogen carriers to the base fuels, which possess an energy content and release it together with hydrogen for combustion upon ignition of the base fuel. The disclosure is also of novel fuel compositions which comprise from 0.5 to 15 percent by weight of a hydrogen carrier dissolved or suspended in the base fuel.
Inventors
- 👤 Hans Osborg
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-30 15:32
CPC Classifications
C; C10; C10L; C10L1/00; C10L1/02; C10L1/10; C10L1/12; C10L1/1208; C10L1/1266; C10L1/14; C10L1/22; C10L1/222; C10L1/2222; C10L1/2225; C10L1/226; C10L1/30; C10L1/301; C10L1/303
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 10
Claim 1
Independent Claim
132 words
A composition, which comprises; from 85 to 99.5 percent by weight of a petroleum distillate; and from 0.5 to 15 percent by weight of a hydrogen carrier, said hydrogen carrier being a compound of hydrogen and at least one element selected from the group consisting of lithium, sodium, potassium and magnesium, said compound having a molecular weight of from 8 to about 125, a heat of formation of from about 10 kcal. to about 100 kcal. per mole; provided that the compound selected is non-reactive with the petroleum distillate it is mixed in at ambient temperatures, does not lower the shelf life of the composition, does not deteriorate below the ignition temperature of said composition to release energy and at the point of ignition, releases energy and hydrogen, said composition being non-hypergolic.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
132 words
A composition, which comprises; from 85 to 99.5 percent by weight of a petroleum distillate; and from 0.5 to 15 percent by weight of a hydrogen carrier, said hydrogen carrier being a compound of hydrogen and at least one element selected from the group consisting of lithium, sodium, potassium and magnesium, said compound having a molecular weight of from 8 to about 125, a heat of formation of from about 10 kcal. to about 100 kcal. per mole; provided that the compound selected is non-reactive with the petroleum distillate it is mixed in at ambient temperatures, does not lower the shelf life of the composition, does not deteriorate below the ignition temperature of said composition to release energy and at the point of ignition, releases energy and hydrogen, said composition being non-hypergolic.
Claim 3
Independent Claim
152 words
A method of improving the combustion of alcohols having 1 to 16 carbon atoms, inclusive, and a molecular weight of from 17 to 275, which comprises; mixing in said alcohol from 0.5 to 15 percent by weight of a hydrogen carrier; and combusting the resulting mixture; said hydrogen carrier being a compound of hydrogen and at least one element selected from the group consisting of lithium, sodium, potassium, magnesium, aluminum and boron, said compound having a molecular weight of from 8 to about 125, a heat of formation of from about 10 kcal. to about 100 kcal. per mole; provided that the compound selected is non-reactive with the alcohols it is mixed in at ambient temperatures, does not lower the shelf life of the mixture, does not deteriorate below the ignition temperature of said mixture to release energy and at the point of ignition, releases energy and hydrogen, said mixture being non-hypergolic.
Claim 4
Independent Claim
152 words
A method of improving the combustion of alcohols having 1 to 16 carbon atoms, inclusive, and a molecular weight of from 17 to 275, which comprises; mixing in said alcohol from 0.5 to 15 percent by weight of a hydrogen carrier; and combusting the resulting mixture; said hydrogen carrier being a compound of hydrogen and at least one element selected from the group consisting of lithium, sodium, potassium, magnesium, aluminum and boron, said compound having a molecular weight of from 8 to about 125, a heat of formation of from about 10 kcal. to about 100 kcal. per mole; provided that the compound selected is non-reactive with the alcohols it is mixed in at ambient temperatures, does not lower the shelf life of the mixture, does not deteriorate below the ignition temperature of said mixture to release energy and at the point of ignition, releases energy and hydrogen, said mixture being non-hypergolic.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
148 words
A composition, which comprises; from 85 to 99.5 percent by weight of an alcohol having 1 to 16 carbon atoms, inclusive, and a molecular weight of from 17 to 275; and from 0.5 to 15 percent by weight of a hydrogen carrier, said hydrogen carrier being a compound of hydrogen and at least one element selected from the group consisting of lithium, sodium, aluminum, potassium, magnesium and boron, said compound having a molecular weight of from 8 to about 125, a heat of formation of from about 10 kcal. to about 100 kcal. per mole; provided that the compound selected is non-reactive with the alcohol it is mixed in at ambient temperatures, does not lower the shelf life of the composition, does not deteriorate below the ignition temperature of said composition to release energy and at the point of ignition, releases energy and hydrogen, said composition being non-hypergolic.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
148 words
A composition, which comprises; from 85 to 99.5 percent by weight of an alcohol having 1 to 16 carbon atoms, inclusive, and a molecular weight of from 17 to 275; and from 0.5 to 15 percent by weight of a hydrogen carrier, said hydrogen carrier being a compound of hydrogen and at least one element selected from the group consisting of lithium, sodium, aluminum, potassium, magnesium and boron, said compound having a molecular weight of from 8 to about 125, a heat of formation of from about 10 kcal. to about 100 kcal. per mole; provided that the compound selected is non-reactive with the alcohol it is mixed in at ambient temperatures, does not lower the shelf life of the composition, does not deteriorate below the ignition temperature of said composition to release energy and at the point of ignition, releases energy and hydrogen, said composition being non-hypergolic.
Claim 7
Independent Claim
133 words
A method of improving the combustion of alcohols having 1 to 16 carbon atoms, inclusive, and a molecular weight of from 17 to 275, which comprises; mixing in said alcohol from 0.5 to 15 percent by weight of a hydrogen carrier, and combusting the resulting mixture; said hydrogen carrier being a hydrazine compound, said compound having a molecular weight of from 8 to about 125, a heat of formation of from about 10 kcal. to about 100 kcal. per mole; provided that the compound selected is non-reactive with the alcohols it is mixed in at ambient temperatures, does not lower the shelf life of the mixture, does not deteriorate below the ignition temperature of said mixture to release energy and at the point of ignition, releases energy and hydrogen, said mixture being non-hypergolic.
Claim 8
Independent Claim
133 words
A method of improving the combustion of alcohols having 1 to 16 carbon atoms, inclusive, and a molecular weight of from 17 to 275, which comprises; mixing in said alcohol from 0.5 to 15 percent by weight of a hydrogen carrier, and combusting the resulting mixture; said hydrogen carrier being a hydrazine compound, said compound having a molecular weight of from 8 to about 125, a heat of formation of from about 10 kcal. to about 100 kcal. per mole; provided that the compound selected is non-reactive with the alcohols it is mixed in at ambient temperatures, does not lower the shelf life of the mixture, does not deteriorate below the ignition temperature of said mixture to release energy and at the point of ignition, releases energy and hydrogen, said mixture being non-hypergolic.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
129 words
A composition, which comprises; from 85 to 99.5 percent by weight of an alcohol having 1 to 16 carbon atoms, inclusive, and a molecular weight of from 17 to 275; and from 0.5 to 15 percent by weight of a hydrogen carrier, said hydrogen carrier being a hydrazine compound, said compound having a molecular weight of from 8 to about 125, a heat of formation of from about 10 kcal. to about 100 kcal. per mole; provided that the compound selected is non-reactive with the alcohol it is mixed in at ambient temperatures, does not lower the shelf life of the composition, does not deteriorate below the ignition temperature of said composition to release energy and at the point of ignition, releases energy and hydrogen, said composition being non-hypergolic.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
129 words
A composition, which comprises; from 85 to 99.5 percent by weight of an alcohol having 1 to 16 carbon atoms, inclusive, and a molecular weight of from 17 to 275; and from 0.5 to 15 percent by weight of a hydrogen carrier, said hydrogen carrier being a hydrazine compound, said compound having a molecular weight of from 8 to about 125, a heat of formation of from about 10 kcal. to about 100 kcal. per mole; provided that the compound selected is non-reactive with the alcohol it is mixed in at ambient temperatures, does not lower the shelf life of the composition, does not deteriorate below the ignition temperature of said composition to release energy and at the point of ignition, releases energy and hydrogen, said composition being non-hypergolic.
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USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1981-03-27 | 1981-09-26 | 1982-03-28 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1985-03-27 | 1985-09-26 | 1986-03-28 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1989-03-27 | 1989-09-26 | 1990-03-28 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |