US4076920A
Expired / Lapsed
US
⏱️ 0.0 years remaining
Process for producing homo- or copolymerization of vinyl or vinylidene halides having reduced polymer build-up in the reactor
Assignee: Geon Co
•
Filing: 1977-04-29
•
Granted: 1978-02-28
•
Expires: 1997-04-29
Abstract
Abstract There is disclosed a process for preparing vinyl dispersion resins by conducting the polymerization reaction of the vinyl monomer or monomers in an aqueous alkaline medium, using an oil-soluble polymerization initiator, at temperatures preferably below about 48° C., in the presence of an emulsifier system comprising the ammonium salt of a high fatty acid containing from 8 to 20 carbon atoms and at least one long chain alcohol containing from 14 to 24 carbon atoms, wherein the ratio of alcohol to emulsifier is equal to or greater than 1.0 and wherein the reaction ingredients are thoroughly mixed, and preferably homogenized, prior to polymerization. The process produces paste resins having improved heat stability and flow properties and capable of producing films having high clarity and improved water resistance. More importantly, polymer build-up in the reactor is substantially reduced and multiple polymerizations can be run in the reactor without opening the same.
Inventors
- 👤 Bela Kalman Mikofalvy
- 👤 Thomas Joseph Doyle
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-29 00:30
CPC Classifications
C; C08; C08F; C08F2/00; C08F2/12; C08F2/16
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 15
Claim 1
Independent Claim
210 words
A process for producing polymers of vinyl and vinylidene halides and copolymers thereof with each other or either with one or more vinylidene monomers having at least one terminal CH 2 ═C< grouping comprising forming a monomer premix containing the monomer or monomers to be polymerized, the aqueous reaction medium, from about 0.01% to about 0.5% by weight of a free radical yielding catalyst based on the weight of 100 parts of monomer or monomers being polymerized, said catalyst being free of alkali metals, an ammonium salt of a saturated fatty acid containing from 8 to 20 carbon atoms, and at least one long straight chain saturated alcohol containing from 14 to 24 carbon atoms, and wherein the ratio of alcohol to fatty acid is greater than 1.0, homogenizing said premix at a temperature below the reactivity of the catalyst or catalysts employed, passing said homogenized premix to a reaction zone, emulsion polymerizing said homogenized premix in said zone at a temperature in the range of about 30° C. to about 70° C., maintaining the pH in the reaction zone in the range of 7.0 to about 12.0 until the reaction is complete, and thereafter recovering the polymer or copolymer, whereby polymer build-up in said reaction zone is substantially reduced.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
210 words
A process for producing polymers of vinyl and vinylidene halides and copolymers thereof with each other or either with one or more vinylidene monomers having at least one terminal CH 2 ═C< grouping comprising forming a monomer premix containing the monomer or monomers to be polymerized, the aqueous reaction medium, from about 0.01% to about 0.5% by weight of a free radical yielding catalyst based on the weight of 100 parts of monomer or monomers being polymerized, said catalyst being free of alkali metals, an ammonium salt of a saturated fatty acid containing from 8 to 20 carbon atoms, and at least one long straight chain saturated alcohol containing from 14 to 24 carbon atoms, and wherein the ratio of alcohol to fatty acid is greater than 1.0, homogenizing said premix at a temperature below the reactivity of the catalyst or catalysts employed, passing said homogenized premix to a reaction zone, emulsion polymerizing said homogenized premix in said zone at a temperature in the range of about 30° C. to about 70° C., maintaining the pH in the reaction zone in the range of 7.0 to about 12.0 until the reaction is complete, and thereafter recovering the polymer or copolymer, whereby polymer build-up in said reaction zone is substantially reduced.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
14 words
A process as defined in claim 1 wherein the ammonium salt is ammonium laurate.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
16 words
A process as defined in claim 1 wherein the monomer in the premix is vinyl chloride.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
37 words
A process as defined in claim 1 wherein the ammonium salt is formed in situ in the monomer premix by adding to the premix the fatty acid and an excess over the equimolar amount of ammonium hydroxide.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
14 words
A process as defined in claim 4 wherein the fatty acid is lauric acid.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
13 words
A process as defined in claim 1 wherein the catalyst is tert-butyl peroxypivalate.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
19 words
A process as defined in claim 1 wherein the long chain saturated alcohol is one containing 16 carbon atoms.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
14 words
A process as defined in claim 1 wherein the ammonium salt is ammonium stearate.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
13 words
A process as defined in claim 1 wherein the catalyst is lauroyl peroxide.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
16 words
A process as defined in claim 5 wherein the monomer in the premix is vinyl chloride.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
13 words
A process as defined in claim 10 wherein the catalyst is tert-butyl peroxypivalate.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
24 words
A process as defined in claim 11 wherein the pH in the reaction zone is in the range of about 8.0 to about 10.5.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
17 words
A process as defined in claim 12 wherein the temperature in the homogenizing step is 25° C.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
17 words
A process as defined in claim 13 wherein the temperature in the reaction zone is 45° C.
References Cited (Backward Citations)
USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1981-02-27 | 1981-08-29 | 1982-02-28 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1985-02-27 | 1985-08-29 | 1986-02-28 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1989-02-27 | 1989-08-29 | 1990-02-28 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |