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US4075321A
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Vaccines, the process for preparing the same and the applications thereof
Assignee: Bpifrance Financement SA
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Filing: 1976-07-12
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Granted: 1978-02-21
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Expires: 1996-07-12
Abstract
Abstract This invention relates to a process for preparing vaccines, which consists in bringing into contact a toxic product with glutaraldehyde at a concentration and for a duration just sufficient to detoxify or inactivate said toxic product, and in stopping the glutaraldehyde-antigen reaction as soon as said inactivation stage is reached by physical and/or chemical means. The thus obtained inactivate product remaining antigenic and retaining its immunizing power, is usable as a vaccine for the preventive treatment of human and animals against infections caused for example by microbial or venomous toxins.
Inventors
- 👤 Edgar Hans Relyveld
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-11-04 09:01
CPC Classifications
A; A61; A61K; A61K39/00; A61K39/12; A61K39/125; A61K39/13; A61K39/02; A61K39/05; A61K39/08; A61K39/085; A61K39/099; A61K39/38; A61K2039/51; A61K2039/52; A61K2039/521; A61K2039/525; A61K2039/5252; A61K2039/555; A61K2039/55505; A61K2039/55511; A61K2039/55566; A61K2039/70; C; C12; C12N; C12N2770/00; C12N2770/00011; C12N2770/32011; C12N2770/32111; C12N2770/32134; C12N2770/32611; C12N2770/32634; Y; Y02; Y02A; Y02A50/00; Y02A50/30
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 27
Claim 1
Independent Claim
78 words
An improvement in a process for preparing a bacterial vaccine by reacting whole bacteria with an inactivating agent and stopping the reaction as soon as said inactivation is achieved, wherein the improvement comprises the step of inactivating the whole bacteria with glutaraldehyde as the inactivating agent at a concentration ranging from about 0.00131 M to 0.0526 M, whereby an inactivated product is obtained which is usable as a bacterial vaccine while remaining antigenic and retaining its immunizing power.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
78 words
An improvement in a process for preparing a bacterial vaccine by reacting whole bacteria with an inactivating agent and stopping the reaction as soon as said inactivation is achieved, wherein the improvement comprises the step of inactivating the whole bacteria with glutaraldehyde as the inactivating agent at a concentration ranging from about 0.00131 M to 0.0526 M, whereby an inactivated product is obtained which is usable as a bacterial vaccine while remaining antigenic and retaining its immunizing power.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
18 words
A process according to claim 1, wherein said bacteria are whooping cough bacteria and inactivation is almost immediate.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
12 words
A process according to claim 1, wherein said bacteria are α-staphylococcus bacteria.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
20 words
A process according to claim 1, wherein said bacteria are staphylococcus bacteria and inactivation is complete within about 2 hours.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
27 words
A process according to claim 1, wherein the glutaraldehye and said bacteria are brought into contact at a temperature of from ambient temperature to about 40° C.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
15 words
A process according to claim 5, wherein said temperature is between 35° and 40° C.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
13 words
A process according to claim 6, wherein said temperature is about 37° C.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
55 words
A process according to claim 1, wherein the reaction between said bacteria and glutaraldehyde is stopped by the addition of an agent able to block the glutaraldehyde-antigen reaction or to react with the glutaraldehyde which is in the free state in the reaction medium and selected from the group consisting of amino-acids and inorganic salts.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
12 words
A process according to claim 8, wherein said agent is an amino-acid.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
13 words
A process according to claim 9, wherein said amino-acid is lysine or glycin.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
12 words
A process according to claim 8, wherein said agent is sodium bisulfite.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
37 words
A process according to claim 1, wherein said reaction is stopped by subjecting the detoxified product to dialysis against an aqueous solution of an inorganic salt, whereby a fluid product usable as a bacterial vaccine is obtained.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
24 words
A process according to claim 8, wherein said agent is an inorganic salt selected from the group consisting of sodium phosphate and sodium chloride.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
18 words
A process according to claim 12, wherein merthiolate is added to said aqueous solution used for said dialysis.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
26 words
A process according to claim 1, wherein said reaction is stopped by centrifuging and washing the detoxified product to remove from it the excess of glutaraldehyde.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
39 words
A process according to claim 1, wherein a sterile calcium chloride solution is added to the detoxified product obtained in fluid form by dialysis against a buffer solution, whereby an adsorbed product useful as a bacterial vaccine is obtained.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
35 words
A process according to claim 12, wherein aluminum hydroxide is added to said detoxified bacterial vaccine, obtained by dialysis against a sodium chloride solution, whereby an adsorbed product useful as a bacterial vaccine is obtained.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
35 words
A process according to claim 12, wherein aluminum phosphate is added to said detoxified bacterial vaccine, obtained by dialysis against a sodium chloride solution, whereby an adsorbed product useful as a bacterial vaccine is obtained.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
37 words
A bacterial vaccine obtained by the process according to claim 1 and containing detoxified derivatives corresponding to the toxic products of whole bacterial selected from the group consisting of whooping cough bacteria and α- and β-staphylococcus bacteria.
Claim 21
Dependent Claim
21 words
A bacterial vaccine according to claim 19, further containing an agent selected from the group consisting of amino-acids and inorganic salts.
Claim 22
Dependent Claim
13 words
A bacterial vaccine according to claim 20, wherein said agent is an amino-acid.
Claim 23
Dependent Claim
20 words
A bacterial vaccine according to claim 20, wherein said agent is selected from the group consisting of lysine and glycin.
Claim 24
Dependent Claim
11 words
A bacterial vaccine according to claim 19, in the fluid form.
Claim 25
Dependent Claim
11 words
A bacterial vaccine according to claim 19, in the adsorbed form.
Claim 26
Dependent Claim
16 words
A bacterial vaccine according to claim 21, adsorbed on calcium phosphate, aluminum hydroxide or aluminum phosphate.
Claim 27
Dependent Claim
16 words
Mixed bacterial vaccine according to claim 19 containing detoxified derivatives of at least two whole bacteria.
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USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1981-02-20 | 1981-08-22 | 1982-02-21 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1985-02-20 | 1985-08-22 | 1986-02-21 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1989-02-20 | 1989-08-22 | 1990-02-21 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |