US4073967A
Expired / Lapsed
US
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Method for rendering substrates resistant to abrasion
Assignee: 3M Co
•
Filing: 1976-10-04
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Granted: 1978-02-14
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Expires: 1996-10-04
Abstract
Abstract A method for rendering a surface of a substrate resistant to abrasion comprising applying to the substrate and then curing a composition comprising: (1) a reactive silane and (2) a metal ester. Certain compositions can be cured by means of heat, ultraviolet light, or electron beam irradiation. Cured coatings are also corrosion and solvent resistant.
Inventors
- 👤 Timothy C. Sandvig
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-27 13:38
CPC Classifications
C; C09; C09D; C09D185/00; C09D4/00; Y; Y10; Y10T; Y10T428/00; Y10T428/31504; Y10T428/31507; Y10T428/3154; Y10T428/31544; Y10T428/31551; Y10T428/31609; Y10T428/31612; Y10T428/31652; Y10T428/31663; Y10T428/31855; Y10T428/31935
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 50
Claim 1
Independent Claim
204 words
A method for rendering a surface of a substrate resistant to abrasion comprising the steps of: a. applying to said substrate, wherein said substrate is selected from metals and organic polymeric materials, a surface-coating of a composition comprising i. a reactive silane of the formula R n 1 --Si--R.sub. wherein R 1 is selected from the group consisting of CH 2 ═CH--, an alkyl group of from 2 to 10 carbon atoms containing an epoxy group, an alkyl ether epoxide group containing up to 10 carbon atoms, and ##STR3## wherein R 3 is an alkylene group having from 1 to 8 carbon atoms, and R 4 is hydrogen or an alkyl radical having from 1 to 8 carbon atoms; R 2 is an alkoxy or acetoxy group; n is a positive integer of 1 to 3; and (ii) a metal ester of the formula M--OR) x , wherein M is selected from the group consisting of titanium, aluminum, and zirconium; R is an alkyl radical having from 1 to 8 carbon atoms, and x is equal to the number of valence bonds of M; and b. curing said composition so as to form an insoluble abrasion-resistant coating which is firmly bonded to the substrate.
Claim 2
Independent Claim
204 words
A method for rendering a surface of a substrate resistant to abrasion comprising the steps of: a. applying to said substrate, wherein said substrate is selected from metals and organic polymeric materials, a surface-coating of a composition comprising i. a reactive silane of the formula R n 1 --Si--R.sub. wherein R 1 is selected from the group consisting of CH 2 ═CH--, an alkyl group of from 2 to 10 carbon atoms containing an epoxy group, an alkyl ether epoxide group containing up to 10 carbon atoms, and ##STR3## wherein R 3 is an alkylene group having from 1 to 8 carbon atoms, and R 4 is hydrogen or an alkyl radical having from 1 to 8 carbon atoms; R 2 is an alkoxy or acetoxy group; n is a positive integer of 1 to 3; and (ii) a metal ester of the formula M--OR) x , wherein M is selected from the group consisting of titanium, aluminum, and zirconium; R is an alkyl radical having from 1 to 8 carbon atoms, and x is equal to the number of valence bonds of M; and b. curing said composition so as to form an insoluble abrasion-resistant coating which is firmly bonded to the substrate.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
13 words
A method in accordance with claim 1, wherein said reactive silane comprises ##STR4##
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
34 words
A method in accordance with claim 2, wherein said metal ester comprises Ti--OR) 4 , wherein the mole ratio of said metal ester to said reactive silane is from about 1:0.5 to about 1:7.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
17 words
A method in accordance with claim 3, wherein said composition is cured by exposure to ultraviolet light.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
28 words
A method in accordance with claim 3, wherein said composition is cured by exposure to a temperature and for a time sufficient to form an insoluble abrasion-resistant coating.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
35 words
A method in accordance with claim 3, wherein said composition is partially cured by exposure to ultraviolet light, followed by exposure to a temperature and for a time sufficient to form an insoluble abrasion-resistant coating.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
28 words
A method in accordance with claim 1, wherein said metal ester is selected from the group consisting of tetraisopropyl titanate, tetrabutyl titanate, tetra 2-ethylhexyl titanate, and tetraethyl titanate.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
14 words
A method in accordance with claim 7, wherein said metal ester comprises tetraisopropyl titanate.
Claim 10
Independent Claim
35 words
A method in accordance with claim wherein wherein said metal ester is Al(OR) 3 and werein the mole ratio of said metal ester to said silane is in the range of about 1:1 to 1:5.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
28 words
A method in accordance with claim 9, wherein said composition is cured by exposure to a temperature and for a time sufficient to form an insoluble abrasion-resistant coating.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
23 words
A method in accordance with claim 9, wherein said metal ester is selected from the group consisting of aluminum isopropoxide and aluminum n-butoxide.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
20 words
A method in accordance with claim 9, wherein said mole ratio is in the range of about 1:2 to 1:5.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
14 words
A method in accordance with claim 11, wherein said metal ester comprises aluminum isopropoxide.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
28 words
A method in accordance with claim 2, wherein said metal ester comprises Zr(OR) 4 and wherein the mole ratio of said metal ester to said silane is 1:4.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
14 words
A method in accordance with claim 14, wherein said metal ester comprises tetraisopropyl zirconate.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
28 words
A method in accordance with claim 14, wherein said composition is cured by exposure to a temperature and for a time sufficient to form an insoluble abrasion-resistant coating.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
15 words
A method in accordance with claim 1, wherein said silane is of the formula ##STR5##
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
33 words
A method in accordance with claim 17, wherein said metal esters are selected from the group consisting of tetraisopropyl titanate, tetrabutyl titanate, tetra2-ethylhexyl titanate, tetraethyl titanate, aluminum isopropoxide, aluminum n-butoxide, and tetraisopropyl zirconate.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
15 words
A method in accordance with claim 17, wherein said silane is of the formula ##STR6##
Claim 21
Dependent Claim
33 words
A method in accordance with claim 19, wherein said metal ester is Ti(OR) 4 and wherein the mole ratio of metal ester to silane is in the range of about 1:3 to 1:15.
Claim 22
Dependent Claim
27 words
A method in accordance with claim 20, wherein said composition is cured by exposure to ultraviolet light for a time sufficient to form an insoluble abrasion-resistant coating.
Claim 23
Dependent Claim
28 words
A method in accordance with claim 20, wherein said composition is cured by exposure to a temperature and for a time sufficient to form an insoluble abrasion-resistant coating.
Claim 24
Dependent Claim
32 words
A method in accordance with claim 20, wherein said composition is cured by exposure to electron beam irradiation at an intensity and for a time sufficient to form an insoluble abrasion-resistant coating.
Claim 25
Dependent Claim
29 words
A method in accordance with claim 20 wherein said composition is partially cured by exposure to heat, followed by exposure to ultraviolet light to form an insoluble abrasion-resistant coating.
Claim 26
Dependent Claim
23 words
A method in accordance with claim 20 wherein said composition is partially cured by exposure to ultraviolet light, followed by exposure to heat.
Claim 27
Dependent Claim
24 words
A method in accordance with claim 20, wherein the mole ratio of metal ester to silane is in the range of 1:3 to 1:7.
Claim 28
Dependent Claim
14 words
A method in accordance with claim 26, wherein said metal ester is tetraisopropyl titanate.
Claim 29
Dependent Claim
33 words
A method in accordance with claim 19, wherein said metal ester is Al(OR) 3 and wherein the mole ratio of metal ester to silane is in the range of about 1:1 to 1:10.
Claim 30
Dependent Claim
29 words
A method in accordance with claim 28, wherein said composition is cured by exposure to a temperature and for a time sufficient to form an insoluble abrasion resistant coating.
Claim 31
Dependent Claim
31 words
A method in accordance with claim 28, wherein said metal ester is aluminum isopropoxide or aluminum n-butoxide, and wherein said mole ratio is in the range of about 1:2 to 1:5.
Claim 32
Dependent Claim
20 words
A method in accordance with claim 19, wherein said metal ester is tetraisopropyl zirconate and said mole ratio is 1:4.
Claim 33
Dependent Claim
29 words
A method in accordance with claim 31, wherein said composition is cured by exposure to a temperature and for a time sufficient to form an insoluble abrasion resistant coating.
Claim 34
Dependent Claim
18 words
A method in accordance with claim 1, wherein said silane is of the formula CH.sub.2 =CH--Si(R.sup.2).sub.3 ch.sub.2 ═ch--si(R.sup.2).sub.3
Claim 35
Dependent Claim
50 words
A method in accordance with claim 33, wherein said silane is selected from the group consisting of CH 2 ═CH--Si(OC 2 H 5 ) 3 and CH 2 ═CH--Si(OC 2 H 4 OCH 3 ) 3 , and wherein the mole ratio of metal ester to said silane is 1:4.
Claim 36
Dependent Claim
15 words
A method in accordance with claim 34, wherein said metal ester is Ti(OR) 4 .
Claim 37
Dependent Claim
29 words
A method in accordance with claim 35, wherein said composition is cured by exposure to a temperature and for a time sufficient to form an insoluble abrasion resistant coating.
Claim 38
Dependent Claim
17 words
A method in accordance with claim 35, wherein said composition is cured by exposure to ultraviolet light.
Claim 39
Dependent Claim
18 words
A method in accordance with claim 35, wherein said composition is cured by exposure to electron beam irradiation.
Claim 40
Dependent Claim
23 words
A method in accordance with claim 1, wherein said substrate is selected from the group consisting of polydiallylglycol carbonate, cellulosic esters, and aluminum.
Claim 41
Dependent Claim
38 words
A method in accordance with claim 1, wherein said substrate is selected from the group consisting of polycarbonate, polyphenyl ethers, polyacrylonitrilebutadiene-styrene copolymers, polyvinylchloride, polystyrene, acrylic polymers, polyester polymers, polyolefins, fluorocarbon polymers, polyimides, polyamides, polyacetals, metal, glass, and ceramics.
Claim 42
Dependent Claim
20 words
A method in accordance with claim 1, wherein said composition contains a mixture of Ti(OR) 4 and Al(OR) 3 .
Claim 43
Dependent Claim
16 words
A method in accordance with claim 1, wherein said composition contains a mixture of reactive silanes.
Claim 44
Dependent Claim
24 words
A method in accordance with claim 1, wherein the surface of said substrate is mechanically roughened prior to the application thereto of said composition.
Claim 45
Dependent Claim
16 words
A method in accordance with claim 1, wherein the surface of said substrate is chemically etched.
Claim 46
Dependent Claim
27 words
A method in accordance with claim 1, wherein the surface of said substrate is coated with a priming agent prior to the application thereto of said composition.
Claim 47
Dependent Claim
13 words
A method in accordance with claim 1, wherein said composition contains an accelerator.
Claim 48
Dependent Claim
16 words
A method in accordance with claim 1, wherein the surface of said substrate is mechanically roughened.
Claim 49
Independent Claim
195 words
A method for rendering a surface of a substrate resistant to abrasion comprising the steps of: a. applying to said substrate a composition consisting of: i. a reactive silane of the formula R n 1 -- nSi--R 4-n 2 , wherein R 1 is selected from the group consisting of CH 2 ═CH--, an alkyl group of from 2 to 10 carbon atoms containing an epoxy group, an alkyl ether epoxide group containing up to 10 carbon atoms, and ##STR7## wherein R 3 is an alkylene group having from 1 to 8 carbon atoms, and R 4 is hydrogen or an alkyl radical having from 1 to 8 carbon atoms; R 2 is an alkoxy or acetoxy group; n is a positive integer of 1 to 3; and (ii) a metal ester of the formula M--OR) x , wherein M is selected from the group consisting of titanium, aluminum, and zirconium; R is an alkyl radical having from 1 to 8 carbon atoms, and x is equal to the number of valence bonds of M; and b. curing said composition so as to form an insoluble abrasion-resistant coating which is firmly bonded to the substrate.
Claim 50
Independent Claim
195 words
A method for rendering a surface of a substrate resistant to abrasion comprising the steps of: a. applying to said substrate a composition consisting of: i. a reactive silane of the formula R n 1 -- nSi--R 4-n 2 , wherein R 1 is selected from the group consisting of CH 2 ═CH--, an alkyl group of from 2 to 10 carbon atoms containing an epoxy group, an alkyl ether epoxide group containing up to 10 carbon atoms, and ##STR7## wherein R 3 is an alkylene group having from 1 to 8 carbon atoms, and R 4 is hydrogen or an alkyl radical having from 1 to 8 carbon atoms; R 2 is an alkoxy or acetoxy group; n is a positive integer of 1 to 3; and (ii) a metal ester of the formula M--OR) x , wherein M is selected from the group consisting of titanium, aluminum, and zirconium; R is an alkyl radical having from 1 to 8 carbon atoms, and x is equal to the number of valence bonds of M; and b. curing said composition so as to form an insoluble abrasion-resistant coating which is firmly bonded to the substrate.
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USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1981-02-13 | 1981-08-15 | 1982-02-14 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1985-02-13 | 1985-08-15 | 1986-02-14 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1989-02-13 | 1989-08-15 | 1990-02-14 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |