US4073743A
Expired / Lapsed
US
⏱️ 0.0 years remaining
Process for preparing an emulsion
Assignee: Merck and Co Inc
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Filing: 1976-08-13
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Granted: 1978-02-14
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Expires: 1996-08-13
Abstract
Abstract A process for preparing a highly stable water-in-oil type emulsion consisting of (a) a disperse aqueous phase; (b) a continuous oil phase containing isomannide monooleate emulsifier and a non-hydrated physiologically acceptable fatty acid metal salt. A particular use of the invention is the preparation of an emulsion adjuvant vaccine, wherein the vaccine is incorporated in the aqueous phase. The emulsion is prepared by mixing the aqueous and oil phases at a relatively low agitator speed, optionally cooling, increasing the speed of agitation to form an emulsion and optionally homogenizing the emulsion.
Inventors
- 👤 Michael Midler, Jr.
- 👤 Edward Paul
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-27 18:26
CPC Classifications
A; A61; A61K; A61K9/00; A61K9/0012; A61K9/0019; A61K39/00; A61K39/39; A61K47/00; A61K47/06; A61K47/08; A61K47/12; A61K47/26; A61K9/10; A61K9/107; B; B01; B01F; B01F23/00; B01F23/40; B01F23/41; B01F23/4105; C; C09; C09K; C09K23/00; C09K23/017; C09K23/018; A61K2039/555; A61K2039/55511; A61K2039/55566; B01F2215/00; B01F2215/04; B01F2215/0409; B01F2215/0413; B01F2215/0436; B01F2215/0481; B01F35/00; B01F35/20
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 13
Claim 1
Independent Claim
115 words
The method of preparing a water-in-oil emulsion, wherein the oil phase contains isomannide monooleate and a non-hydrated physiologically acceptable fatty acid metal salt, which comprises: mixing the aqueous and oil phases at about 9° to about 35° C. at a relatively low agitator speed such that the value of the term N 3 D 5 /V remains below about 80 × 10 9 wherein N = rpm, D = agitator diameter (inches), V = emulsion volume (liters); and increasing the agitator speed such that the value of the term N 3 D 5 /V wherein N, D, and V are as defined above, is above about 140 × 10 9 to form a stable emulsion.
Claim 2
Independent Claim
115 words
The method of preparing a water-in-oil emulsion, wherein the oil phase contains isomannide monooleate and a non-hydrated physiologically acceptable fatty acid metal salt, which comprises: mixing the aqueous and oil phases at about 9° to about 35° C. at a relatively low agitator speed such that the value of the term N 3 D 5 /V remains below about 80 × 10 9 wherein N = rpm, D = agitator diameter (inches), V = emulsion volume (liters); and increasing the agitator speed such that the value of the term N 3 D 5 /V wherein N, D, and V are as defined above, is above about 140 × 10 9 to form a stable emulsion.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
33 words
The method of claim 1 additionally including the step of cooling the aqueous and oil phases that have been mixed at relatively low agitator speed to from about 9° to about 12° C.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
14 words
The method of claim 1 additionally including the step of homogenizing the stable emulsion.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
18 words
The method of claim 1 wherein the mixing takes place at from about 9° to about 25° C.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
18 words
The method of claim 2 wherein the mixing takes place at from about 15° to about 17° C.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
14 words
The method of claim 2 additionally including the step of homogenizing the stable emulsion.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
16 words
The method of claim 2 wherein the cooling is to about 10° to about 11° C.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
15 words
The method of claim 3 wherein the homogenizing is carried out in a colloid mill.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
45 words
The method of claim 8 wherein the homogenizing is carried out in a colloid mill having about 7 to about 17 mil rotor/stator gap width, operating at about 1500 to about 1800 rpm at the rate of about 3.0 to about 4.5 liters/minute flow rate.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
16 words
The method of claim 1 wherein the water-in-oil emulsion is a vehicle for an immunological substance.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
25 words
The method of claim 1 wherein an antigen is incorporated in the aqueous phase prior to the addition of the aqueous phase to the oil.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
11 words
The method of claim 11 wherein the antigen is influenza vaccine.
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USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1981-02-13 | 1981-08-15 | 1982-02-14 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1985-02-13 | 1985-08-15 | 1986-02-14 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1989-02-13 | 1989-08-15 | 1990-02-14 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |