US4071675A
Expired / Lapsed
US
⏱️ 0.0 years remaining
Emulsion polymerization of vinyl chloride using mixed emulsifier system in a single step in the absence of seed formation
Assignee: Stauffer Chemical Co
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Filing: 1977-03-03
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Granted: 1978-01-31
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Expires: 1997-03-03
Abstract
Abstract A one-step process for the emulsion polymerization of vinyl chloride using a water-soluble initiator and an aqueous emulsifier system of (1) a C12-C18 straight chain alkyl or alkenyl phosphate surfactant and (2) a C12-C20 straight chain alkyl or alkenyl alcohol and/or a straight chain saturated hydrocarbon having a carbon content of greater than 18 is disclosed. One suitable example of a straight chain phosphate surfactant is sodium lauryl phosphate. Suitable alcohols include stearyl alcohol, cetyl alcohol and eicosanol. A suitable hydrocarbon is eicosane. The resulting homo- and copolymer latices can be used in plastisols and organosols.
Inventors
- 👤 Arthur J. Yu
- 👤 Donald F. Anderson
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-31 11:41
CPC Classifications
C; C08; C08F; C08F14/00; C08F14/02; C08F14/04; C08F14/06; Y; Y10; Y10S; Y10S526/00; Y10S526/909
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 10
Claim 1
Independent Claim
151 words
In an emulsion polymerization procedure for forming vinyl chloride polymers by heating a monomer charge containing at least 50%, by weight, vinyl chloride in the presence of a water soluble initiator and an emulsifier, wherein the improvement comprises using as an emulsifier an effective amount to maintain a stable emulsion of a mixture of: (1) at least one C 12 -C 18 straight chain phosphate surfactant of the formula ##STR2## wherein R is a straight chain alkyl or alkenyl group containing from about 12 to about 18 carbon atoms inclusive, M is an ammonium or alkali metal ion and x is 1 and/or 2 and (2) at least one C 12 -C 20 straight chain alkyl or alkenyl alcohol or saturated hydrocarbon having a chain of greater than 18 carbon atoms to effect information of the polymers in a single step in the absence of the initial introduction of seed particles.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
151 words
In an emulsion polymerization procedure for forming vinyl chloride polymers by heating a monomer charge containing at least 50%, by weight, vinyl chloride in the presence of a water soluble initiator and an emulsifier, wherein the improvement comprises using as an emulsifier an effective amount to maintain a stable emulsion of a mixture of: (1) at least one C 12 -C 18 straight chain phosphate surfactant of the formula ##STR2## wherein R is a straight chain alkyl or alkenyl group containing from about 12 to about 18 carbon atoms inclusive, M is an ammonium or alkali metal ion and x is 1 and/or 2 and (2) at least one C 12 -C 20 straight chain alkyl or alkenyl alcohol or saturated hydrocarbon having a chain of greater than 18 carbon atoms to effect information of the polymers in a single step in the absence of the initial introduction of seed particles.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
15 words
A process as claimed in claim 1 wherein the phosphate surfactant is sodium lauryl phosphate.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
16 words
A process as claimed in claim 1 wherein the straight chain alkyl alcohol is stearyl alcohol.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
32 words
A process as claimed in claim 1 wherein the amount of the emulsifier mixture which is present from about 0.7% to about 3%, by weight, based on the amount of polymerizable monomers.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
25 words
A process as claimed in claim 1 wherein the weight ratio of surfactant to alcohol in the mixture ranges from about 1:1 to about 1:4.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
20 words
A process as claimed in claim 1 wherein the surfactant is sodium lauryl phosphate and the alcohol is stearyl alcohol.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
28 words
A process as claimed in claim 6 wherein the combined amount of surfactant and alcohol ranges from about 0.8% to about 2.0% by weight of the polymerizable monomers.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
22 words
A process as claimed in claim 6 wherein the weight ratio of surfactant to alcohol ranges from about 0.8:1 to about 1:4.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
24 words
A process as claimed in claim 1 wherein the phosphate surfactant and alcohol or hydrocarbon are prehomogenized prior to use in the polymerization procedure.
References Cited (Backward Citations)
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USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1981-01-30 | 1981-08-01 | 1982-01-31 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1985-01-30 | 1985-08-01 | 1986-01-31 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1989-01-30 | 1989-08-01 | 1990-01-31 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |