US4070186A
Expired / Lapsed
US
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Tribo modified toner materials via silylation and electrostatographic imaging process
Assignee: Xerox Corp
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Filing: 1974-08-26
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Granted: 1978-01-24
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Expires: 1994-08-26
Abstract
Abstract Electrostatographic developer compositions for use in developing electrostatic latent images wherein the triboelectric charging potential of functional polymers employed in the toner materials are controlled through chemical alteration of active hydrogen containing materials by silylation. The controlled variation of the triboelectric behavior of functional polymers by silylation provides a means of attaining optimum triboelectric responses in development systems.
Inventors
- 👤 Harry W. Gibson
- 👤 Franklin D. Saeva
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-30 20:55
CPC Classifications
G; G03; G03G; G03G9/00; G03G9/08; G03G9/087; G03G9/08784; G03G9/08791; G03G13/00; G03G13/06; G03G13/08; G03G9/10
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 24
Claim 1
Independent Claim
143 words
An electrostatographic imaging process comprising the steps of providing an electrostatographic imaging member having a recording surface, forming an electrostatic latent image on said recording surface, and contacting said electrostatic latent image with a developer mixture comprising finely-divided toner particles electrostatically clinging to the surface of solid carrier particles, said toner particles having an average particle diameter of less than about 30 microns and comprising a colorant and a copolymer selected from the group consisting of styrene-alkylmethacrylate and styrene-alkylacrylate wherein said copolymer has been modified to contain active hydrogen containing constituents and then exposed to silylation to provide toner particles characterized as having controlled and optimum triboelectric charging properties between said toner particles and said carrier particles whereby at least a portion of said finely-divided toner particles are attracted to and deposited on said recording surface in conformance with said electrostatic latent image.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
143 words
An electrostatographic imaging process comprising the steps of providing an electrostatographic imaging member having a recording surface, forming an electrostatic latent image on said recording surface, and contacting said electrostatic latent image with a developer mixture comprising finely-divided toner particles electrostatically clinging to the surface of solid carrier particles, said toner particles having an average particle diameter of less than about 30 microns and comprising a colorant and a copolymer selected from the group consisting of styrene-alkylmethacrylate and styrene-alkylacrylate wherein said copolymer has been modified to contain active hydrogen containing constituents and then exposed to silylation to provide toner particles characterized as having controlled and optimum triboelectric charging properties between said toner particles and said carrier particles whereby at least a portion of said finely-divided toner particles are attracted to and deposited on said recording surface in conformance with said electrostatic latent image.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
26 words
An electrostatographic imaging process in accordance with claim 1 wherein said copolymer is a vinyl resin having a melting point of at least about 110° F.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
25 words
An electrostatographic imaging process in accordance with claim 2 wherein said vinyl resin has a weight average molecular weight between about 3,000 to about 500,000.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
44 words
An electrostatographic imaging process in accordance with claim 1 wherein said toner particles have a blocking temperature of at least about 110° F and a melt viscosity of less than about 2.5 × 10 -4 poise at temperature of up to about 450° F.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
40 words
An electrostatographic imaging process in accordance with claim 1 wherein said colorant is present in said toner particles in an amount of from about 1 percent to about 20 percent by weight based on the weight of said toner particles.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
22 words
An electrostatographic imaging process in accordance with claim 1 wherein said colorant is selected from the group consisting of pigments and dyes.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
32 words
An electrostatographic imaging in process in accordance with claim 1 wherein said copolymer has been exposed to controlled stoichiometric silylation so as to provide closely controlled triboelectric properties to said toner particles.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
31 words
An electrostatographic imaging process in accordance with claim 1 wherein said copolymer has been exposed to controlled kinetic silylation so as to provide closely controlled triboelectric properties to said toner particles.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
38 words
An electrostatographic imaging process in accordance with claim 1 wherein said copolymer has been exposed to silylation with at least one silylating agent selected from the group consisting of dimethylaminotrimethylsilane, dimethylchlorosilane, trimethylchlorosilane, and polysiloxanes with reactive terminal moieties.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
21 words
An electrostatographic imaging process in accordance with claim 9 wherein said silylating agent is difunctional and said copolymer is thereby crosslinked.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
18 words
An electrostatographic imaging process in accordance with claim 1 wherein said active hydrogen constituents are aliphatic hydroxyl groups.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
86 words
An electrostatographic developer composition comprising finely-divided toner particles electrostatically clinging to the surface of solid carrier particles, said toner particles having an average particle diameter of less than about 30 microns, said toner particles comprising a colorant and a copolymer selected from the group consisting of styrenealkylmethacrylate and styrene-alkylacrylate wherein said copolymer has been modified to contain active hydrogen constituents and then exposed to silylation to provide toner particles characterized as having controlled and optimum triboelectric charging properties between said toner particles and said carrier particles.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
86 words
An electrostatographic developer composition comprising finely-divided toner particles electrostatically clinging to the surface of solid carrier particles, said toner particles having an average particle diameter of less than about 30 microns, said toner particles comprising a colorant and a copolymer selected from the group consisting of styrenealkylmethacrylate and styrene-alkylacrylate wherein said copolymer has been modified to contain active hydrogen constituents and then exposed to silylation to provide toner particles characterized as having controlled and optimum triboelectric charging properties between said toner particles and said carrier particles.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
26 words
An electrostatographic developer composition in accordance with claim 12 wherein said copolymer is a vinyl resin having a melting point of at least about 110° F.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
25 words
An electrostatographic developer composition in accordance with claim 13 wherein said vinyl resin has a weight average molecular weight between about 3,000 to about 500,000.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
44 words
An electrostatographic developer composition in accordance with claim 12 wherein said toner particles have a blocking temperature of at least about 110° F and a melt viscosity of less than about 2.5 × 10 -4 poise at temperatures of up to about 450° F.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
40 words
An electrostatographic developer composition in accordance with claim 12 wherein said colorant is present in said toner particles in an amount of from about 1 percent to about 20 percent by weight based on the weight of said toner particles.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
22 words
An electrostatographic developer composition in accordance with claim 12 wherein said colorant is selected from the group consisting of pigments and dyes.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
31 words
An electrostatographic developer composition in accordance with claim 12 wherein said copolymer has been exposed to controlled stoichiometric silylation so as to provide closely controlled triboelectric properties to said toner particles.
Claim 21
Dependent Claim
31 words
An electrostatographic developer composition in accordance with claim 12 wherein said copolymer has been exposed to controlled kinetic silylation so as to provide closely controlled triboelectric properties to said toner particles.
Claim 22
Dependent Claim
38 words
An electrostatographic developer composition in accordance with claim 12 wherein said copolymer has been exposed to silylation with at least one silylating agent selected from the group consisting of dimethylaminotrimethylsilane, dimethylchlorisilane, trimethylchlorosilane, an polysiloxanes with reactive terminal moieties.
Claim 23
Dependent Claim
21 words
An electrostatographic developer composition in accordance with claim 20 wherein said silylating agent is difunctional and said copolymer is thereby crosslinked.
Claim 24
Dependent Claim
18 words
An electrostatographic developer composition in accordance with claim 12 wherein said active hydrogen constituents are aliphatic hydroxyl groups.
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USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1981-01-23 | 1981-07-25 | 1982-01-24 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1985-01-23 | 1985-07-25 | 1986-01-24 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1989-01-23 | 1989-07-25 | 1990-01-24 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |