Process of forming a polymeric emulsion which comprises copolymerizing in aqueous dispersion an ethylenically-unsaturated monomer containing quaternary nitrogen

Claim 1

The process of forming a self-stabilized surfactant-free polymeic emulsion of a water-insensitive polymer which comprises copolymerizing in aqueous dispersion in the absence of surfactants or dispersing agents between 99% and 95% by weight of an ethylenically-unsaturated monomer, within between 1% and 5% of a monomer selected from the class represented by the formula ##STR7## wherein V is an acrylic ester or acrylamido group represented by the formulas CH 2 =CR 4 --COO-- and CH 2 =CR 4 --CONH-- , where R 4 is H or CH 3 ; A is an alkylene or substituted alkylene group selected from the class consisting of -- CH 2 . CH 2 -- , -- CH 2 . CH 2 .CH 2 -- , --CH 2 . CHOH.CH 2 -- , and --CH 2 . CH(CH 3 )-- groups; and wherein the quaternary nitrogen group -- N R 1 R 2 R 3 is selected from the class consisting of: a. aliphatic tertiary amines wherein R 1 is an alkyl group of from 1 to 7 carbon atoms; R 2 is an alkyl group of from 1 to 7 carbon atoms or a benzyl group; R 3 is selected from the class consisting of saturated aliphatic hydrocarbon groups of from 7 to 28 carbon atoms and benzyl groups substituted with a saturated aliphatic hydrocarbon group of from 7 to 28 carbon atoms; b. groups in which N, R 1 , and R 2 together from a heterocyclic tertiary amine of the general formula: ##STR8## and R 3 is a saturated aliphatic hydrocarbon group of from 7 to 28 carbon atoms, and where X - is selected from the class consisting of F - , CI - , Br - , I - , CH 3 SO 4 - , C 2 H 5 SO 4 - , and ##STR9##