US4059552A
Expired / Lapsed
US
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Cross-linked water-swellable polymer particles
Assignee: Dow Chemical Co
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Filing: 1975-10-23
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Granted: 1977-11-22
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Expires: 1995-10-23
Abstract
Abstract Cross-linked water-swellable polymers are described, having a particle size of less than 4 microns. They are used as thickening agents for aqueous dispersions or solutions, particularly useful where high shear conditions are encountered in the application.
Inventors
- 👤 Maurice L. Zweigle
- 👤 Jack C. Lamphere
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-24 01:28
CPC Classifications
C; C08; C08J; C08J3/00; C08J3/12; C08F; C08F2/00; C08F2/32; C09; C09D; C09D7/00; C09D7/40; C09D7/43; C08J2300/00; C08J2300/14; C08L; C08L33/00; C08L33/04; C08L33/06; C08L33/062; C08L33/24; C08L33/26; Y; Y10; Y10S; Y10S507/00; Y10S507/902; Y10S507/935; Y10S524/00; Y10S524/915; Y10S524/916
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 18
Claim 1
Independent Claim
141 words
A method for thickening an aqueous medium to obtain a composition having the properties of a viscous short solution and being resistant to viscosity degradation under conditions of high shear which comprises the step of thoroughly dispersing in said medium from about 0.1 to about 2 percent by weight of microbeads of a water-insoluble, water-swellable polymer of a water-soluble vinyl monomer or mixture of water-soluble vinyl monomers, cross-linked with a difunctional cross-linking agent copolymerizable with said monomer or monomers, said microbeads having diameters of from about 0.2 to about 4 microns and having a gel capacity of at least about 10 grams per gram in aqueous 0.27 molar sodium chloride solution, said cross-linking agent being present in an amount from about 50 to 1000 parts by weight of cross-linking agent per million parts of vinyl monomer or monomers in the polymer.
Claim 2
Independent Claim
141 words
A method for thickening an aqueous medium to obtain a composition having the properties of a viscous short solution and being resistant to viscosity degradation under conditions of high shear which comprises the step of thoroughly dispersing in said medium from about 0.1 to about 2 percent by weight of microbeads of a water-insoluble, water-swellable polymer of a water-soluble vinyl monomer or mixture of water-soluble vinyl monomers, cross-linked with a difunctional cross-linking agent copolymerizable with said monomer or monomers, said microbeads having diameters of from about 0.2 to about 4 microns and having a gel capacity of at least about 10 grams per gram in aqueous 0.27 molar sodium chloride solution, said cross-linking agent being present in an amount from about 50 to 1000 parts by weight of cross-linking agent per million parts of vinyl monomer or monomers in the polymer.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
34 words
A method according to claim 1 wherein the polymer is cross-linked with from about 100 to 400 parts by weight of cross-linking agent per million parts of vinyl monomer or monomers in the polymer.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
12 words
A method according to claim 2 wherein the vinyl monomer is acrylamide.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
21 words
A method according to claim 2 wherein the polymer is a copolymer of acrylamide and acrylic acid with the cross-linking agent.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
21 words
A method according to claim 2 wherein the polymer is a copolymer of acrylamide and sodium acrylate with the cross-linking agent.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
59 words
The method of claim 1 wherein the cross-linking agent is divinylbenzenesulfonate, ethyleneglycol diacrylate, ethylene glycol dimethacrylate, propylene glycol diacrylate, allyl acrylae, diallyl ethylene glycol ether, divinyl ether, dially ether, divinyl ether of ethylene glycol, divinyl ether of diethylene glycol, divinyl ether of triethylene glycol, N,N'-methylene-bis-acrylamide, N,N'-methylene-bis-methacrylamide and other lower alkylidene-bis-acrylamides wherein the alkylidene group has up to 4 carbons.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
32 words
The method of claim 1 wherein the vinyl monomer is proponderantly acrylamide and the cross-linking agent is N,N'-methylene-bis-acrylamide, N,N'-methylene-bis-methacrylamide and other lower alkylidene-bis-acrylamides wherein the alkylidene group has up to 4 carbons.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
110 words
A viscous, short aqueous composition comprising an aqueous medium having dispersed therein from about 0.1 to about 2 percent by weight of microbeads of a water-insoluble, water-swellable polymer of a water-soluble vinyl monomer or mixture of water-soluble vinyl monomers, cross-linked with a difunctional cross-linking agent copolymerizable with said monomer or monomers, said microbeads having diameters of from about 0.2 to about 4 microns and having a gel capacity of at least about 10 grams per gram in aqueous 0.27 molar sodium chloride solution, said polymer being cross-linked with from about 50 to 1000 parts by weight of cross-linking agent per million parts of vinyl monomer or monomers in the polymer.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
110 words
A viscous, short aqueous composition comprising an aqueous medium having dispersed therein from about 0.1 to about 2 percent by weight of microbeads of a water-insoluble, water-swellable polymer of a water-soluble vinyl monomer or mixture of water-soluble vinyl monomers, cross-linked with a difunctional cross-linking agent copolymerizable with said monomer or monomers, said microbeads having diameters of from about 0.2 to about 4 microns and having a gel capacity of at least about 10 grams per gram in aqueous 0.27 molar sodium chloride solution, said polymer being cross-linked with from about 50 to 1000 parts by weight of cross-linking agent per million parts of vinyl monomer or monomers in the polymer.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
34 words
A composition according to claim 8 wherein the polymer is cross-linked with from about 100 to 400 parts by weight of cross-linking agent per million parts of vinyl monomer or monomers in the polymer.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
14 words
A composition according to claim 9 wherein the vinyl monomer consists preponderantly of acrylamide.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
21 words
A composition according to claim 10 wherein the polymer is a copolymer of acrylamide and acrylic acid with the cross-linking agent.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
21 words
A composition according to claim 9 wherein the polymer is a copolymer of acrylamide and sodium acrylate with the cross-linking agent.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
61 words
The composition according to claim 8 wherein the cross-linking agent is divinylbenzenesulfonate, ethylene glycol diacrylate, ethylene glycol dimethacrylate, propylene glycol diacrylate, allyl acrylate, diallyl ethylene glycol ether, divinyl ether, diallyl ether, divinyl ether of ethylene glycol, divinyl ether of diethylene glycol, divinyl ether of triethylene glycol, N,N'-methylene-bis-acrylamide, N,N'-methylene-bis-methacrylamide and other lower alkylidene-bis-acrylamide wherein the alkylidene group has up to 4 carbons.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
33 words
The composition of claim 8 wherein the the vinyl monomer is proponderantly acrylamide and the cross-linking agent is N,N'-methylene-bis-acrylamide, N,N'-methylene-bis-methacrylamide and other lower alkylidene-bis-acrylamides wherein the alkylidene group has up to 4 carbons.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
107 words
An aqueous composition comprising an aqueous medium having dispersed therein microbeads of a water-insoluble water-swellable polymer of a water-soluble vinyl monomer or mixture of water-soluble vinyl monomers, cross-linked with from about 50 to 1000 parts by weight of a difunctional cross-linking agent per million parts of vinyl monomer or monomers in the polymer, said agent being copolymerizable with said monomer or monomers, said microbeads having a gel capacity at least 10 grams per gram in aqueous 0.27 molar sodium chloride solution diameters from about 0.2 to about 4 microns and being present in an amount sufficient to thicken the aqueous medium to a viscous, short aqueous composition.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
107 words
An aqueous composition comprising an aqueous medium having dispersed therein microbeads of a water-insoluble water-swellable polymer of a water-soluble vinyl monomer or mixture of water-soluble vinyl monomers, cross-linked with from about 50 to 1000 parts by weight of a difunctional cross-linking agent per million parts of vinyl monomer or monomers in the polymer, said agent being copolymerizable with said monomer or monomers, said microbeads having a gel capacity at least 10 grams per gram in aqueous 0.27 molar sodium chloride solution diameters from about 0.2 to about 4 microns and being present in an amount sufficient to thicken the aqueous medium to a viscous, short aqueous composition.
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USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1980-11-21 | 1981-05-23 | 1981-11-22 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1984-11-21 | 1985-05-23 | 1985-11-22 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1988-11-21 | 1989-05-23 | 1989-11-22 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |