Process and plant for the fritting of ceramic products

Claim 2

A process for fritting ceramic products, comprising preheating the products to be fritted at a given temperature, then exposing the preheated products directly to a hyperfrequential electro-magnetic field to raise the temperature of the products high enough to cause fritting of the products, and protecting the products during said fritting against losses by radiation and against thermal shocks, the maximum temperature of the protective means being less than the fritting temperature.

Claim 3

A plant for fritting ceramic products, comprising a preheating furnace heated by electrical resistance, a conveyor for carrying said products through the furnace, a waveguide downstream from the furnace, conveying means for receiving the preheated articles from the furnace conveyor and carrying them through said waveguide, said conveying means including fritting bearers for the products traveling through the waveguide, and means for subjecting said products in the waveguide to microwave heating to raise them to fritting temperature, the waveguide except for openings allowing passage of said products being closed at each end by a plate of electrically conductive material in electrical contact with the walls of the waveguide, whereby a system of stationary waves may be established within the waveguide to promote a suitable resonance mode for the treatment of the products to be fritted, the waveguide being provided with a slot extending along its length and extended into said end plates by radial slots communicating with said end plate openings, and including connectors for the lateral infeed of microwave energy at the waveguide inlet and for the escape of residual microwave energy at the waveguide outlet.

Claim 4

A plant for fritting ceramic products, comprising a preheating furnace heated by electrical resistance, a conveyor for carrying said products through the furnace, a waveguide downstream from the furnace, conveying means for receiving the preheated articles from the furnace conveyor and carrying them through said waveguide, said conveying means including fritting bearers for the products traveling through the waveguide, and means for subjecting said products in the waveguide to microwave heating to raise them to fritting temperature, the waveguide except for openings allowing passage of said products being closed at each end by a plate of electrically conductive material in electrical contact with the walls of the waveguide, whereby a system of stationary waves may be established within the waveguide to promote a suitable resonance mode for the treatment of the products to be fritted, the waveguide being provided with a slot extending along its length and extended into said end plates by radial slots communicating with said end plate openings, and including connectors for the lateral infeed of microwave energy at the waveguide inlet and for the escape of residual microwave energy at the waveguide outlet.

Claim 5

A plant for fritting ceramic products, comprising a preheating furnace heated by electrical resistance, a conveyor for carrying said products through the furnace, a waveguide downstream from the furnace, conveying means for receiving the preheated articles from the furnace conveyor and carrying them through said waveguide, a station at the inlet of the waveguide where said preheated products are provided with protectors, said conveying means including fritting bearers for the products and protectors traveling through the waveguide, means for subjecting said products in the waveguide to microwave heating to raise them to fritting temperature, a station at the outlet of the waveguide where said protectors are removed from the fritted products and returned to said fritting bearers, and a controlled temperature enclosure, said conveying means including an endless conveyor chain supporting said fritting bearers for carrying the protectors through said waveguide and then through said enclosure after they leave said last-mentioned station.

Claim 6

A plant for fritting ceramic products, comprising a preheating furnace heated by electrical resistance, a conveyor for carrying said products through the furnace, a waveguide downstream from the furnace, conveying means for receiving the preheated articles from the furnace conveyor and carrying them through said waveguide, a station at the inlet of the waveguide where said preheated products are provided with protectors, said conveying means including fritting bearers for the products and protectors traveling through the waveguide, means for subjecting said products in the waveguide to microwave heating to raise them to fritting temperature, a station at the outlet of the waveguide where said protectors are removed from the fritted products and returned to said fritting bearers, and a controlled temperature enclosure, said conveying means including an endless conveyor chain supporting said fritting bearers for carrying the protectors through said waveguide and then through said enclosure after they leave said last-mentioned station.