US4056575A
Expired / Lapsed
US
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Chemical process making aromatic hydrocarbons over gallium catalyst
Assignee: BP PLC
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Filing: 1976-07-12
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Granted: 1977-11-01
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Expires: 1996-07-12
Abstract
Abstract This invention relates to a process for aromatizing unsaturated hydrocarbons in the presence of a supported gallium catalyst. Xylenes may be prepared from C 4 feedstock by this route.
Inventors
- 👤 Reginald Gregory
- 👤 Alexander John Kolombos
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-26 15:27
CPC Classifications
C; C07; C07C; C07C15/00; B; B01; B01J; B01J23/00; B01J23/08; C07C2/00; C07C2/02; C07C2/04; C07C2/06; C07C2/08; C07C2/10; C07C2/76; C07C5/00; C07C5/32; C07C5/373; C07C5/393; C07C5/41; C07C5/412; C07C5/415; C07C5/417; C07C2521/00; C07C2521/02; C07C2521/04; C07C2521/06; C07C2521/08; C07C2523/00; C07C2523/06; C07C2523/08; C07C2523/14; C07C2523/16; C07C2523/32; C07C2523/34; C07C2523/38; C07C2523/40; C07C2523/42; C07C2523/44; C07C2523/70; C07C2523/74; C07C2523/745; C07C2523/75; C07C2523/755; C07C2527/00; C07C2527/02; C07C2527/053; Y; Y02; Y02P; Y02P20/00; Y02P20/50; Y02P20/52
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 27
Claim 1
Independent Claim
41 words
A process for the production of aromatic hydrocarbons comprising subjecting an unsaturated hydrocarbon containing at least six carbon atoms to aromatisation in the presence of a catalyst consisting essentially of elemental gallium or a compound of gallium deposited on a support.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
41 words
A process for the production of aromatic hydrocarbons comprising subjecting an unsaturated hydrocarbon containing at least six carbon atoms to aromatisation in the presence of a catalyst consisting essentially of elemental gallium or a compound of gallium deposited on a support.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
33 words
A process for producing aromatic hydrocarbons according to claim 1 wherein the unsaturated hydrocarbon starting material is produced by dimerising a C 3 -C 8 mono-olefin in the presence of the aromatisation catalyst.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
46 words
A process for the production of aromatic hydrocarbons from an unsaturated hydrocarbon produced by the dimerisation of a mono-olefin according to claim 2 wherein the mono-olefin is produced by the dehydrogenation of a C 3 -C 8 saturated hydrocarbon in the presence of the aromatisation catalyst.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
17 words
A process according to claim 1 wherein the unsaturated hydrocarbon has between 6 and 16 carbon atoms.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
42 words
A process according to claim 1 wherein the gallium compound comprising the aromatisation catalyst is selected from gallium oxide, gallium sulphate and gallium ions exchanged with the surface hydroxyl groups of a surface active oxide selected from hydrated alumina and hydrated silica.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
23 words
A process according to claim 1 wherein the catalyst support is selected from an alumina, a silica, activated carbon and refractory gallium oxide.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
16 words
A process according to claim 6 wherein the alumina is selected from eta-alumina, gamma-alumina and boehmite.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
15 words
A process according to claim 6 wherein the alumina and silica have surface hydroxyl groups.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
27 words
A process according to claim 8 wherein the surface hydroxyl groups are exchanged by ions of one or more metals selected from gallium, aluminium, iron and nickel.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
20 words
A process according to claim 1 wherein the aromatisation is carried out at a temperature between 400° and 750° C.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
22 words
A process according to claim 1 wherein the cyclisation is carried out at a reaction pressure of between 1 and 20 atmospheres.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
25 words
A process according to claim 1 wherein the aromatisation is carried out in an atmosphere inert under the reaction conditions selected from hydrogen and nitrogen.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
20 words
A process according to claim 2 wherein the mono-olefin being dimerised is selected from propylene, butenes, pentenes and mixtures thereof.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
23 words
A process according to claim 2 wherein the dimerisation of the mono-olefin is carried out at a temperature between 20° and 300° C.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
25 words
A process according to claim 2 wherein the dimerisation of the mono-olefin is carried out at a reaction pressure of between 1 and 130 atmospheres.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
25 words
A process according to claim 2 wherein the dimerisation is carried out in an atmosphere inert under the reaction conditions selected from hydrogen and nitrogen.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
21 words
A process according to claim 3 wherein the feedstock contains one or more hydrocarbons selected from propane, butane, isobutane and pentane.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
20 words
A process according to claim 3 wherein the dehydrogenation is carried out at a temperature between 400° and 750° C.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
21 words
A process according to claim 3 wherein the dehydrogenation is carried out at a pressure of between 1 and 20 atmospheres.
Claim 21
Dependent Claim
57 words
A process for producing xylenes directly from a C 4 feedstock containing one or more of butanes, butenes and butadiene by passing the feedstock over an aromatisation catalyst consisting essentially of elemental gallium or a gallium compound deposited on a support at a temperature between 400° and 700° C and a pressure between 1 and 20 atmospheres.
Claim 22
Dependent Claim
57 words
A process for producing xylenes directly from a C 4 feedstock containing one or more of butanes, butenes and butadiene by passing the feedstock over an aromatisation catalyst consisting essentially of elemental gallium or a gallium compound deposited on a support at a temperature between 400° and 700° C and a pressure between 1 and 20 atmospheres.
Claim 23
Dependent Claim
63 words
A process for the production of aromatic hydrocarbons comprising subjecting an unsaturated hydrocarbon containing at least six carbon atoms to aromatisation in the presence of a catalyst consisting essentially of (a) elemental gallium or a compound of gallium, and (b) one or more of the metals nickel, cobalt, iron, manganese, thallium, palladium, platinum, indium, germanium, chromium, tin, and zinc deposited on a support.
Claim 24
Dependent Claim
63 words
A process for the production of aromatic hydrocarbons comprising subjecting an unsaturated hydrocarbon containing at least six carbon atoms to aromatisation in the presence of a catalyst consisting essentially of (a) elemental gallium or a compound of gallium, and (b) one or more of the metals nickel, cobalt, iron, manganese, thallium, palladium, platinum, indium, germanium, chromium, tin, and zinc deposited on a support.
Claim 25
Dependent Claim
30 words
A process as defined in claim 21 wherein the mono-olefin is produced by the dehydrogenation of a C 3 -C 8 saturated hydrocarbon in the presence of the aromatisation catalyst.
Claim 26
Dependent Claim
63 words
A process for producing xylenes directly from a C 4 feedstock containing one or more of butanes, butenes and butadiene by passing the feedstock over an aromatisation catalyst consisting essentially of (a) elemental gallium or a gallium compound, and (b) one or more of the metals nickel, cobalt, iron, manganese, thallium, palladium, platinum, indium, germanium, chromium, tin and zinc deposited on a support.
Claim 27
Dependent Claim
63 words
A process for producing xylenes directly from a C 4 feedstock containing one or more of butanes, butenes and butadiene by passing the feedstock over an aromatisation catalyst consisting essentially of (a) elemental gallium or a gallium compound, and (b) one or more of the metals nickel, cobalt, iron, manganese, thallium, palladium, platinum, indium, germanium, chromium, tin and zinc deposited on a support.
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USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1980-10-31 | 1981-05-02 | 1981-11-01 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1984-10-31 | 1985-05-02 | 1985-11-01 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1988-10-31 | 1989-05-02 | 1989-11-01 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |