US4046576A
Expired / Lapsed
US
⏱️ 0.0 years remaining
Process for preparing silver halide emulsion using a sulfur-containing ripening agent
Assignee: Eastman Kodak Co
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Filing: 1976-06-07
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Granted: 1977-09-06
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Expires: 1996-06-07
Abstract
Abstract A process is disclosed for the continuous formation of radiation-sensitive silver halide emulsions. In the course of reacting a silver salt with a halide salt in the presence of a peptizer to form a radiation-sensitive silver halide emulsion a portion of the emulsion is withdrawn continuously from the reaction chamber while silver halide grain formation is occurring. The silver halide grains are formed in the presence of a sulfur-containing silver halide ripening agent, while the total halide ion concentration is concurrently controlled and maintained at less than 0.01 molar.
Inventors
- 👤 James P. Terwilliger
- 👤 Anthony D. Gingello
- 👤 Jong-Shinn Wey
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-25 01:04
CPC Classifications
G; G03; G03C; G03C1/00; G03C1/005; G03C1/06; G03C1/08; G03C1/09; G03C1/015; G03C2200/00; G03C2200/06
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 22
Claim 1
Independent Claim
116 words
In a process of continuously preparing a radiation-sensitive silver halide emulsion wherein (1) a silver salt and a halide salt capable of reacting to form radiation-sensitive silver halide grains are concurrently and separately continuously introduced into a reaction chamber in the presence of a peptizer and (2) radiation-sensitive silver halide emulsion is withdrawn continuously from the reaction chamber while silver halide grain formation is occurring under steady state operating conditions, the improvement comprising forming the silver halide grains in the presence of a sulfur-containing ripening agent chosen from the group consisting of thioether and thiocyanate ripening agents for silver halide grains, and concurrently controlling and maintaining the total halide ion concentration at less than 0.01 molar.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
116 words
In a process of continuously preparing a radiation-sensitive silver halide emulsion wherein (1) a silver salt and a halide salt capable of reacting to form radiation-sensitive silver halide grains are concurrently and separately continuously introduced into a reaction chamber in the presence of a peptizer and (2) radiation-sensitive silver halide emulsion is withdrawn continuously from the reaction chamber while silver halide grain formation is occurring under steady state operating conditions, the improvement comprising forming the silver halide grains in the presence of a sulfur-containing ripening agent chosen from the group consisting of thioether and thiocyanate ripening agents for silver halide grains, and concurrently controlling and maintaining the total halide ion concentration at less than 0.01 molar.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
20 words
A process according to claim 1 wherein a stoichiometric excess of halide ions as compared to silver ions is maintained.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
26 words
A process according to claim 2 wherein the total halide ion concentration in the reaction chamber is maintained and controlled at from 0.0001 to 0.01 molar.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
33 words
A process according to claim 1 wherein the halide salt introduced into the reaction chamber is comprised of a bromide salt capable of reacting with the silver salt to form a silver bromide.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
38 words
A process according to claim 4 wherein an iodide salt is introduced into the reaction chamber concurrently with the bromide salt in an amount sufficient to produce a silver bromoiodide emulsion having up to 30 mole percent iodide.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
20 words
A process according to claim 1 wherein the silver halide emulsion is sulfur sensitized following removal from the reaction chamber.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
20 words
A process according to claim 1 wherein the silver halide emulsion is gold sensitized following removal from the reaction chamber.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
42 words
A process according to claim 1 wherein the silver halide emulsion is formed in a plurality of serially related reaction chambers, wherein the silver halide emulsion withdrawn from one reaction chamber is used as one feed stock for a second reaction chamber.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
35 words
A process according to claim 1 wherein silver halide grains are present in the reaction chamber at commencement of silver halide precipitation, so that the times required to reach steady state operating conditions is reduced.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
141 words
In a process of continuously preparing a radiation-sensitive silver bromide emulsion wherein (1) a silver salt and a bromide salt capable of reacting to form radiation-sensitive silver bromide grains are concurrently and separately introduced continuously into a reaction chamber in the presence of gelatin, (2) radiation-sensitive silver bromide emulsion is withdrawn continuously from the reaction chamber while silver bromide grain formation is occurring, under steady state operating conditions and (3) thereafter chemically sensitizing the emulsion following removal from the reaction chamber, the improvement comprising forming the silver bromide grains in the presence of a thioether ripening agent for silver bromide grains and concurrently maintaining and controlling the bromide ion concentration in the reaction chamber so that at least a stoichiometric excess of bromide ions as compared to silver ions and less than a 0.010 molar concentration of bromide ions is present.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
141 words
In a process of continuously preparing a radiation-sensitive silver bromide emulsion wherein (1) a silver salt and a bromide salt capable of reacting to form radiation-sensitive silver bromide grains are concurrently and separately introduced continuously into a reaction chamber in the presence of gelatin, (2) radiation-sensitive silver bromide emulsion is withdrawn continuously from the reaction chamber while silver bromide grain formation is occurring, under steady state operating conditions and (3) thereafter chemically sensitizing the emulsion following removal from the reaction chamber, the improvement comprising forming the silver bromide grains in the presence of a thioether ripening agent for silver bromide grains and concurrently maintaining and controlling the bromide ion concentration in the reaction chamber so that at least a stoichiometric excess of bromide ions as compared to silver ions and less than a 0.010 molar concentration of bromide ions is present.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
18 words
A process according to claim 10 wherein the emulsion is sulfur sensitized following removal from the reaction chamber.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
18 words
A process according to claim 10 wherein the emulsion is gold sensitized following removal from the reaction chamber.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
20 words
A process according to claim 10 wherein the emulsion is sulfur and gold sensitized following removal from the reaction chamber.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
25 words
A process according to claim 10 wherein the bromide ions are present in the reaction chamber in a concentration of from 0.0001 to 0.010 molar.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
140 words
In a process of continuously preparing a radiation-sensitive silver bromide emulsion wherein (1) a silver salt and a bromide salt capable of reacting to form radiation-sensitive silver bromide grains are concurrently and separately introduced continuously into a reaction chamber in the presence of gelatin, (2radiation-sensitive silver bromide emulsion is withdrawn continuously from the reaction chamber while silver bromide grain formation is occurring, under steady operating conditions and (3) thereafter chemically sensitizing the emulsion following removal from the reaction chamber, the improvement comprising forming the silver bromide grains in the presence of a thiocyanate silver bromide grain ripening agent and concurrently maintaining and controlling the bromide ion concentration within the reaction chamber so that at least a stoichiometric excess of bromide ions as compared to silver ions is present and less than a 0.010 molar concentration of bromide ions is present.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
140 words
In a process of continuously preparing a radiation-sensitive silver bromide emulsion wherein (1) a silver salt and a bromide salt capable of reacting to form radiation-sensitive silver bromide grains are concurrently and separately introduced continuously into a reaction chamber in the presence of gelatin, (2radiation-sensitive silver bromide emulsion is withdrawn continuously from the reaction chamber while silver bromide grain formation is occurring, under steady operating conditions and (3) thereafter chemically sensitizing the emulsion following removal from the reaction chamber, the improvement comprising forming the silver bromide grains in the presence of a thiocyanate silver bromide grain ripening agent and concurrently maintaining and controlling the bromide ion concentration within the reaction chamber so that at least a stoichiometric excess of bromide ions as compared to silver ions is present and less than a 0.010 molar concentration of bromide ions is present.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
18 words
A process according to claim 15 wherein the emulsion is sulfur sensitized following removal from the reaction chamber.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
18 words
A process according to claim 15 wherein the emulsion is gold sensitized following removal from the reaction chamber.
Claim 21
Dependent Claim
20 words
A process according to claim 15 wherein the emulsion is sulfur and gold sensitized following removal from the reaction chamber.
Claim 22
Dependent Claim
25 words
A process according to claim 15 wherein the bromide ions are present in the reaction chamber in a concentration of from 0.0001 to 0.010 molar.
References Cited (Backward Citations)
USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1980-09-05 | 1981-03-07 | 1981-09-06 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1984-09-05 | 1985-03-07 | 1985-09-06 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1988-09-05 | 1989-03-07 | 1989-09-06 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |