US4040945A
Expired / Lapsed
US
⏱️ 0.0 years remaining
Hydrocarbon catalytic cracking process
Assignee: Chevron USA Inc
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Filing: 1976-01-02
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Granted: 1977-08-09
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Expires: 1996-01-02
Abstract
Abstract An improved hydrocarbon catalytic cracking process which comprises introducing tin into the cracking zone so as to maintain a volume ratio of carbon dioxide to carbon monoxide in the gaseous effluent from the catalyst regeneration zone of at least 3.0.
Inventors
- 👤 Joel D. McKinney
- 👤 Bruce R. Mitchell
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-24 14:38
CPC Classifications
C; C10; C10G; C10G11/00; C10G11/02; C10G11/04; C10G11/14; C10G11/18; C10G11/187; Y; Y02; Y02P; Y02P30/00; Y02P30/40; Y10; Y10S; Y10S502/00; Y10S502/521
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 9
Claim 1
Independent Claim
81 words
In a process which comprises contacting a hydrocarbon feed with a cracking catalyst containing at least 1500 ppm nickel equivalents as metal contaminants in a cracking zone under cracking conditions and thereafter heating the deactivated catalyst in the presence of oxygen in a regeneration zone; the improvement which comprises introducing tin into said cracking zone so as to maintain a volume ratio of carbon dioxide to carbon monoxide of at least 3.0 in the gaseous effluent withdrawn from said regeneration zone.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
81 words
In a process which comprises contacting a hydrocarbon feed with a cracking catalyst containing at least 1500 ppm nickel equivalents as metal contaminants in a cracking zone under cracking conditions and thereafter heating the deactivated catalyst in the presence of oxygen in a regeneration zone; the improvement which comprises introducing tin into said cracking zone so as to maintain a volume ratio of carbon dioxide to carbon monoxide of at least 3.0 in the gaseous effluent withdrawn from said regeneration zone.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
54 words
The process of claim 1 wherein the volume ratio of carbon dioxide to carbon monoxide in said gaseous effluent is maintained in the range of 3.0 to 9.0 by adjusting the rate of flow of tin to said cracking zone responsive to the measurement of carbon dioxide and carbon monoxide in said gaseous effluent.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
107 words
In a process which comprises contacting a hydrocarbon feed with a cracking catalyst containing at least 1500 ppm nickel equivalents as metal contaminants under cracking conditions in a cracking zone and thereafter heating the deactivated catalyst in the presence of oxygen in a regeneration zone; the improvement which comprises determining the carbon dioxide and carbon monoxide concentrations in the gaseous effluent withdrawn from said regeneration zone, and adjusting the rate of flow of a tin compound in the hydrocarbon feed to said cracking zone responsive thereto so as to maintain a volume ratio of carbon dioxide to carbon monoxide in said gaseous effluent of at least 3.0.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
107 words
In a process which comprises contacting a hydrocarbon feed with a cracking catalyst containing at least 1500 ppm nickel equivalents as metal contaminants under cracking conditions in a cracking zone and thereafter heating the deactivated catalyst in the presence of oxygen in a regeneration zone; the improvement which comprises determining the carbon dioxide and carbon monoxide concentrations in the gaseous effluent withdrawn from said regeneration zone, and adjusting the rate of flow of a tin compound in the hydrocarbon feed to said cracking zone responsive thereto so as to maintain a volume ratio of carbon dioxide to carbon monoxide in said gaseous effluent of at least 3.0.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
29 words
The process of claim 3 wherein the volume ratio of carbon dioxide to carbon monoxide maintained in said regeneration zone effluent is in the range of 3.0 to 9.0.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
28 words
The process of claim 1 wherein the cracking process is conducted until the concentration of metal contaminants as nickel equivalents on said catalyst is at least 2500 ppm.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
35 words
The process of claim 1 wherein the concentration of tin applied to said catalyst in said cracking zone is in the range of 0.2 to 0.8 weight percent based upon the weight of said catalyst.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
38 words
The process of claim 1 wherein the amount of tin added to the hydrocarbon feed to said cracking zone is in the range from about 3 to 3,000 ppm, based upon the hydrocarbon feed to said cracking zone.
References Cited (Backward Citations)
USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1980-08-08 | 1981-02-07 | 1981-08-09 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1984-08-08 | 1985-02-07 | 1985-08-09 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1988-08-08 | 1989-02-07 | 1989-08-09 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |