US4035542A
Expired / Lapsed
US
⏱️ 0.0 years remaining
Flame retardant fiber blend containing fibers which if present apart from the admixture undergo burning
Assignee: Celanese Corp
•
Filing: 1974-05-16
•
Granted: 1977-07-12
•
Expires: 1994-05-16
Abstract
Abstract An assemblage of fibers is provided which exhibits highly satisfactory flame retardant characteristics in spite of the fact that discrete fibers are included within the admixture which would normally burn when exposed to flame. Included in intimate physical admixture with the fibers which would normally undergo combustion are discrete additive fibers consisting primarily of a chlorinated and/or brominated aromatic polymer having the inherent ability to render the admixture as a whole non-burning when subjected to the flame. Particularly preferred additive fibers are formed primarily of an aromatic polyester formed from the reaction of tetrabromobisphenol A, isophthalic acid, and terephthalic acid or the esterforming derivatives thereof. Also, in a particularly preferred embodiment a minor concentration of an oxide of antimony (e.g. antimony trioxide or antimony pentoxide) is intimately dispersed throughout the additive fibers. Flame retardant fiber blends readily may be formed without a diminution of the textile properties thereof, e.g. hand and aesthetic appeal.
Inventors
- 👤 Arnold J. Rosenthal
- 👤 Alex S. Forschirm
- 👤 Bruce P. Barnes
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-30 20:10
CPC Classifications
D; D06; D06M; D06M15/00; D06M15/19; D06M15/37; D06M15/667; D06M15/673; D01; D01F; D01F1/00; D01F1/02; D01F1/07; D01F6/00; D01F6/78; D01F6/84; D02; D02G; D02G3/00; D02G3/44; D02G3/443; D04; D04H; D04H1/00; D04H1/40; D04H1/42; D04H1/425; D04H1/4266; D04H1/4282; D04H1/4291; D04H1/4326; D04H1/4334; D04H1/435; D04H1/4382; D04H1/43835; Y; Y10; Y10S; Y10S260/00; Y10S260/24; Y10T; Y10T442/00; Y10T442/30; Y10T442/3146; Y10T442/3171; Y10T442/3976; Y10T442/3984; Y10T442/40; Y10T442/444
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 63
Claim 1
Independent Claim
118 words
A flame retardant admixture of fibers comprising: (a) discrete fibers which if present apart from said admixture undergo burning when subjected to a methane diffusion flame in an oxygen-containing gaseous atmosphere having an oxygen content selected from within the range of about 20 to 40 percent by volume, and (b) discrete fibers of a synthetic aromatic polymer containing chlorine, bromine, or mixtures thereof chemically bound to an aromatic ring having a chlorine and/or bromine content of about 25 to 50 percent by weight based upon the weight of said aromatic polymer and the inherent ability to render said admixture as a whole non-burning when subjected to said flame in said oxygen-containing gaseous atmosphere of the same oxygen content.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
118 words
A flame retardant admixture of fibers comprising: (a) discrete fibers which if present apart from said admixture undergo burning when subjected to a methane diffusion flame in an oxygen-containing gaseous atmosphere having an oxygen content selected from within the range of about 20 to 40 percent by volume, and (b) discrete fibers of a synthetic aromatic polymer containing chlorine, bromine, or mixtures thereof chemically bound to an aromatic ring having a chlorine and/or bromine content of about 25 to 50 percent by weight based upon the weight of said aromatic polymer and the inherent ability to render said admixture as a whole non-burning when subjected to said flame in said oxygen-containing gaseous atmosphere of the same oxygen content.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
39 words
An admixture of fibers in accordance with claim 1 wherein said discrete fibers of component (a) are selected from the group consisting essentially of polypropylene, polyamides, polybenzimidazoles, polyesters, cellulose acetate, cellulose triacetate, cotton, wool, and mixtures of the foregoing.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
18 words
An admixture of fibers in accordance with claim 1 wherein said discrete fibers of component (a) are cotton.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
24 words
An admixture of fibers in accordance with claim 1 wherein said discrete fibers of component (a) are a mixture of cotton and polyester fibers.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
19 words
An admixture of fibers in accordance with claim 1 wherein said discrete fibers of component (a) are polyamide fibers.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
18 words
An admixture of fibers in accordance with claim 1 wherein said discrete fibers of component (a) are wool.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
26 words
An admixture of fibers in accordance with claim 1 wherein said discrete fibers of component (b) additionally include a minor proportion of an oxide of antimony.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
24 words
An admixture of fibers in accordance with claim 1 having the physical configuration of a woven fabric, a knitted fabric, or a non-woven sheet.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
152 words
A flame retardant admixture of fibers comprising: (a) discrete fibers which if present apart from said admixture undergo burning when subjected to a methane diffusion flame in an oxygen-containing gaseous atmosphere having an oxygen content selected from within the range of about 20 to 40 percent by volume, and (b) discrete polyester fibers of a synthetic chlorinated or brominated aromatic polymer having the recurring structural formula: ##STR4## where X is chlorine or bromine, Y is hydrogen, chlorine or bromine, R and R' may be the same or different and represent lower alkyl groups, hydrogen, or together constitute a cyclic hydrocarbon group, and n= at least 25, and a chlorine and/or bromine content of about 25 to 50 percent by weight based upon the weight of said aromatic polyester capable of rendering said admixture as a whole non-burning when subjected to said flame in said oxygen-containing gaseous atmosphere of the same oxygen content.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
152 words
A flame retardant admixture of fibers comprising: (a) discrete fibers which if present apart from said admixture undergo burning when subjected to a methane diffusion flame in an oxygen-containing gaseous atmosphere having an oxygen content selected from within the range of about 20 to 40 percent by volume, and (b) discrete polyester fibers of a synthetic chlorinated or brominated aromatic polymer having the recurring structural formula: ##STR4## where X is chlorine or bromine, Y is hydrogen, chlorine or bromine, R and R' may be the same or different and represent lower alkyl groups, hydrogen, or together constitute a cyclic hydrocarbon group, and n= at least 25, and a chlorine and/or bromine content of about 25 to 50 percent by weight based upon the weight of said aromatic polyester capable of rendering said admixture as a whole non-burning when subjected to said flame in said oxygen-containing gaseous atmosphere of the same oxygen content.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
39 words
An admixture of fibers in accordance with claim 9 wherein said discrete fibers of component (a) are selected from the group consisting essentially of polypropylene, polyamides, polybenzimidazoles, polyesters, cellulose acetate, cellulose triacetate, cotton, wool, and mixtures of the foregoing.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
18 words
An admixture of fibers in accordance with claim 9 wherein said discrete fibers of component (a) are cotton.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
24 words
An admixture of fibers in accordance with claim 9 wherein said discrete fibers of component (a) are a mixture of cotton and polyester fibers.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
19 words
An admixture of fibers in accordance with claim 9 wherein said discrete fibers of component (a) are polyamide fibers.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
18 words
An admixture of fibers in accordance with claim 9 wherein said discrete fibers of component (a) are wool.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
33 words
An admixture of fibers in accordance with claim 9 wherein said aromatic polymer of component (b) is a polyester product of tetrachlorobisphenol A, isophthalic acid, and terephthalic acid or the ester-forming derivatives thereof.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
33 words
An admixture of fibers in accordance with claim 9 wherein said aromatic polymer of component (b) is a polyester product of tetrabromobisphenol A, isophthalic acid, and terephthalic acid or the ester-forming derivatives thereof.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
29 words
An admixture of fibers in accordance with claim 9 wherein said discrete fibers of component (b) additionally include a minor proportion of an oxide of antimony intimately dispersed therein.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
30 words
An admixture of fibers according to claim 9 comprising about 20 to 90 percent by weight of component (a), and about 10 to 80 percent by weight of component (b).
Claim 21
Dependent Claim
24 words
An admixture of fibers in accordance with claim 9 having the physical configuration of a woven fabric, a knitted fabric, or a non-woven sheet.
Claim 22
Dependent Claim
166 words
A flame retardant admixture of fibers exhibiting satisfactory textile properties which is non-burning when subjected to an ordinary match flame at ambient conditions comprising: (a) about 20 to 90 percent by weight of discrete fibers which if present apart from said admixture undergo burning when subjected to an ordinary match flame at ambient conditions, and (b) about 10 to 80 percent by weight of discrete aromatic polyester fibers formed from the reaction of tetrabromobisphenol A, and a mixture of about 45 to 75 percent by weight isophthalic acid and correspondingly about 55 to 25 percent by weight terephthalic acid or the ester-forming derivatives thereof having a bromine content of about 48 percent by weight and having intimately dispersed therein about 0.1 to 10 percent by weight based upon the weight of said aromatic polyester of an oxide of antimony, with said discrete fibers of component (b) being capable of rendering said admixture as a whole non-burning when subjected to an ordinary match flame at ambient conditions.
Claim 23
Dependent Claim
166 words
A flame retardant admixture of fibers exhibiting satisfactory textile properties which is non-burning when subjected to an ordinary match flame at ambient conditions comprising: (a) about 20 to 90 percent by weight of discrete fibers which if present apart from said admixture undergo burning when subjected to an ordinary match flame at ambient conditions, and (b) about 10 to 80 percent by weight of discrete aromatic polyester fibers formed from the reaction of tetrabromobisphenol A, and a mixture of about 45 to 75 percent by weight isophthalic acid and correspondingly about 55 to 25 percent by weight terephthalic acid or the ester-forming derivatives thereof having a bromine content of about 48 percent by weight and having intimately dispersed therein about 0.1 to 10 percent by weight based upon the weight of said aromatic polyester of an oxide of antimony, with said discrete fibers of component (b) being capable of rendering said admixture as a whole non-burning when subjected to an ordinary match flame at ambient conditions.
Claim 24
Dependent Claim
17 words
An admixture of fibers according to claim 20 wherein said discrete fibers of component (a) are cotton.
Claim 25
Dependent Claim
23 words
An admixture of fibers according to claim 20 wherein said discrete fibers of component (a) are a mixture of cotton and polyester fibers.
Claim 26
Dependent Claim
24 words
An admixture of fibers according to claim 22 wherein said discrete fibers of component (a) are a mixture of cotton and polyethylene terephthalate fibers.
Claim 27
Dependent Claim
19 words
An admixture of fibers in accordance with claim 20 wherein said discrete fibers of component (a) are polyamide fibers.
Claim 28
Dependent Claim
45 words
An admixture of fibers according to claim 22 wherein said aromatic polyester of component (b) is formed by the reaction of tetrabromobisphenol A and a mixture of 45 to 75 percent by weight isophthaloyl chloride and correspondingly 55 to 25 percent by weight terephthaloyl chloride.
Claim 29
Dependent Claim
37 words
An admixture of fibers according to claim 22 wherein said oxide of antimony of component (b) is present in a concentration of about 0.4 to 8 percent by weight based upon the weight of said aromatic polyester.
Claim 30
Dependent Claim
118 words
A process for rendering discrete fibers flame retardant which have a propensity to undergo burning when subjected to a methane diffusion flame in an oxygen-containing gaseous atmosphere having an oxygen content selected from within the range of about 20 to 40 percent by volume comprising intimately blending in physical admixture therewith discrete fibers of a synthetic aromatic polymer containing chlorine, bromine, or mixtures thereof chemically bound to an aromatic ring having a chlorine and/or bromine content of about 25 to 50 percent by weight based upon the weight of said aromatic polymer and the inherent ability to render said admixture as a whole non-burning when subjected to said flame in said oxygen-containing atmosphere of the same oxygen content.
Claim 31
Dependent Claim
118 words
A process for rendering discrete fibers flame retardant which have a propensity to undergo burning when subjected to a methane diffusion flame in an oxygen-containing gaseous atmosphere having an oxygen content selected from within the range of about 20 to 40 percent by volume comprising intimately blending in physical admixture therewith discrete fibers of a synthetic aromatic polymer containing chlorine, bromine, or mixtures thereof chemically bound to an aromatic ring having a chlorine and/or bromine content of about 25 to 50 percent by weight based upon the weight of said aromatic polymer and the inherent ability to render said admixture as a whole non-burning when subjected to said flame in said oxygen-containing atmosphere of the same oxygen content.
Claim 32
Dependent Claim
44 words
A process according to claim 27 wherein said discrete fibers having a propensity to undergo burning when exposed to said flame are selected from the group consisting essentially of polypropylene, polyamides, polybenzimidazoles, polyesters, cellulose acetate, cellulose triacetate, cotton, wool, and mixtures of the foregoing.
Claim 33
Dependent Claim
23 words
A process according to claim 27 wherein said discrete fibers having a propensity to undergo burning when exposed to said flame are cotton.
Claim 34
Dependent Claim
29 words
A proess according to claim 27 wherein said discrete fibers having a propensity to undergo burning when exposed to said flame are a mixture of cotton and polyester fibers.
Claim 35
Dependent Claim
23 words
A process according to claim 27 wherein said discrete fibers having a propensity to undergo burning when exposed to said flame are wool.
Claim 36
Dependent Claim
24 words
A process according to claim 27 wherein said discrete fibers having a propensity to undergo burning when exposed to said flame are polyamide fibers.
Claim 37
Dependent Claim
30 words
A process according to claim 27 wherein said discrete fibers consisting primarily of said synthetic aromatic polymer additionally include a minor proportion of an oxide of antimony intimately dispersed therein.
Claim 38
Dependent Claim
47 words
A process for enhancing the flame resistance of discrete fibers comprising intimately blending in physical admixture therewith discrete fibers of a synthetic chlorinated or brominated aromatic polymer having a chloride and/or bromine content of about 25 to 50 percent by weight chemically bound to an aromatic ring.
Claim 39
Dependent Claim
47 words
A process for enhancing the flame resistance of discrete fibers comprising intimately blending in physical admixture therewith discrete fibers of a synthetic chlorinated or brominated aromatic polymer having a chloride and/or bromine content of about 25 to 50 percent by weight chemically bound to an aromatic ring.
Claim 40
Dependent Claim
146 words
A process for rendering discrete fibers flame retardant which undergo burning when exposed to a methane diffusion flame in an oxygen-containing gaseous atmosphere having an oxygen content selected from within the range of about 20 to 40 percent by volume comprising intimately blending in physical admixture therewith discrete fibers of a chlorinated or brominated aromatic polymer having the recurring structural formula: ##STR5## where X is chlorine or bromine, Y is hydrogen, chlorine or bromine, R and R' may be the same or different and represent lower alkyl groups, hydrogen, or together constitute a cyclic hydrocarbon group, and n= at least 25 and a bromine and/or chlorine content of about 25 to 50 percent by weight based upon the weight of said aromatic polymer capable of rendering said admixture as a whole non-burning when subjected to said flame in said oxygen-containing atmosphere of the same oxygen content.
Claim 41
Dependent Claim
146 words
A process for rendering discrete fibers flame retardant which undergo burning when exposed to a methane diffusion flame in an oxygen-containing gaseous atmosphere having an oxygen content selected from within the range of about 20 to 40 percent by volume comprising intimately blending in physical admixture therewith discrete fibers of a chlorinated or brominated aromatic polymer having the recurring structural formula: ##STR5## where X is chlorine or bromine, Y is hydrogen, chlorine or bromine, R and R' may be the same or different and represent lower alkyl groups, hydrogen, or together constitute a cyclic hydrocarbon group, and n= at least 25 and a bromine and/or chlorine content of about 25 to 50 percent by weight based upon the weight of said aromatic polymer capable of rendering said admixture as a whole non-burning when subjected to said flame in said oxygen-containing atmosphere of the same oxygen content.
Claim 42
Dependent Claim
41 words
A process according to claim 35 wherein said discrete fibers which undergo burning when exposed to said flame are selected from the group consisting essentially of polypropylene, polyamides, polybenzimidazoles, polyesters, cellulose acetate, cellulose triacetate, cotton, wool, and mixtures of the foregoing.
Claim 43
Dependent Claim
20 words
A process according to claim 35 wherein said discrete fibers which undergo burning when exposed to said flame are cotton.
Claim 44
Dependent Claim
27 words
A proccess according to claim 35 wherein said discrete fibers which undergo burning when exposed to said frame are a mixture of cotton and polyethylene terephthalate fibers.
Claim 45
Dependent Claim
20 words
A process according to claim 35 wherein said discrete fibers which undergo burning when exposed to said flame are wool.
Claim 46
Dependent Claim
21 words
A process according to claim 35 wherein said discrete fibers which undergo burning when exposed to said flame are polyamide fibers.
Claim 47
Dependent Claim
30 words
A process according to claim 35 wherein said chlorinated or brominated aromatic polymer is a condensation product of tetrabromobisphenol A, isophthalic acid, and terephthalic acid or the ester-forming derivatives thereof.
Claim 48
Dependent Claim
32 words
A process according to claim 35 wherein said discrete fibers consisting primarily of said chlorinated and/or brominated aromatic polymer additionally include a minor proportion of an oxide of antimony intimately dispersed therein.
Claim 49
Dependent Claim
68 words
A process according to claim 35 wherein the relative proportions of the discrete fibers which are blended are such that the resulting physical admixture comprises about 20 to 90 percent by weight of said fibers which undergo burning when exposed to said flame in the uncombined state and about 10 to 80 percent by weight of said discrete fibers consisting primarily of said chlorinated and/or brominated aromatic polymer.
Claim 50
Dependent Claim
115 words
A process for rendering discrete fibers non-burning which undergo burning when exposed to an ordinary match flame comprising intimately blending in physical admixture therewith discrete aromatic polyester fibers formed from the reaction of tetrabromobisphenol A, and a mixture of about 45 to 75 percent by weight isophthalic acid, and correspondingly about 55 to 25 percent by weight terephthalic acid or the ester-forming derivatives thereof having a bromine content of about 48 percent by weight and containing intimately dispersed therein about 0.1 to 10 percent by weight of an oxide of antimony based upon the weight of said aromatic polyester, with said resulting admixture as a whole being non-burning when subjected to an ordinary match flame.
Claim 51
Dependent Claim
115 words
A process for rendering discrete fibers non-burning which undergo burning when exposed to an ordinary match flame comprising intimately blending in physical admixture therewith discrete aromatic polyester fibers formed from the reaction of tetrabromobisphenol A, and a mixture of about 45 to 75 percent by weight isophthalic acid, and correspondingly about 55 to 25 percent by weight terephthalic acid or the ester-forming derivatives thereof having a bromine content of about 48 percent by weight and containing intimately dispersed therein about 0.1 to 10 percent by weight of an oxide of antimony based upon the weight of said aromatic polyester, with said resulting admixture as a whole being non-burning when subjected to an ordinary match flame.
Claim 52
Dependent Claim
20 words
A proess according to claim 44 wherein said discrete fibers which undergo burning when exposed to said flame are cotton.
Claim 53
Dependent Claim
27 words
A process according to claim 44 wherein said discrete fibers which undergo burning when exposed to said flame are a mixture of cotton and polyethylene terephthalate fibers.
Claim 54
Dependent Claim
20 words
A process according to claim 44 wherein said discrete fibers which undergo burning when exposed to said flame are wool.
Claim 55
Dependent Claim
21 words
A process according to claim 44 wherein said discrete fibers which undergo burning when exposed to said flame are polyamide fibers.
Claim 56
Dependent Claim
22 words
A process according to claim 44 wherein said discrete fibers which undergo burning when exposed to said flame are cellulose triacetate fibers.
Claim 57
Dependent Claim
39 words
A process according to claim 44 wherein about 0.4 to 8 percent by weight of said oxide of antimony based upon the weight of said aromatic polyester is intimately dispersed within said discrete fibers formed from said aromatic polyester.
Claim 58
Dependent Claim
72 words
A process according to claim 44 wherein the relative proportions of the discrete fibers which are blended are such that the resulting physical admixture comprises about 20 to 90 percent by weight of said fibers which undergo burning when exposed to an ordinary match flame when in an uncombined state and about 10 to 80 percent by weight of said discrete fibers formed from said aromatic polyester and said oxide of antimony.
Claim 59
Dependent Claim
43 words
A process according to claim 44 wherein said aromatic polyester of said discrete fibers is formed by the reaction of tetrabromobisphenol A and a mixture of 45 to 75 percent by weight isophthaloyl chloride and 55 to 25 percent by weight terephthaloyl chloride.
Claim 60
Dependent Claim
25 words
An admixture of fibers in accordance with claim 1 wherein said discrete fibers of component (a) are a mixture of cotton, polyester, and polyamide fibers.
Claim 61
Dependent Claim
25 words
An admixture of fibers in accordance with claim 9 wherein said discrete fibers of component (a) are a mixture of cotton, polyester, and polyamide fibers.
Claim 62
Dependent Claim
25 words
An admixture of fibers in accordance with claim 20 wherein said discrete fibers of component (a) are a mixture of cotton, polyester, and polyamide fibers.
Claim 63
Dependent Claim
28 words
A process according to claim 44 wherein said discrete fibers which undergo burning when exposed to said flame are a mixture of cotton, polyethylene terephthalate, and polyamide fibers.
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| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1984-07-11 | 1985-01-10 | 1985-07-12 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
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