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US4034497A Expired / Lapsed US ⏱️ 0.0 years remaining

Self-defense device

Assignee: Individual
•
Filing: 1975-12-08
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Granted: 1977-07-12
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Expires: 1995-12-08
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Abstract

Abstract Self-defense device has a charge of liquid, preferably substantially water so that, when the device is actuated, it is heated and expelled from a nozzle to be directed at an assailant. Heating of the water may also develop gas pressure which causes the expelling of the water, or heating may cause boiling to result in both pressurization and water expulsion. Black powder and cordite comprise mixtures which, when combusted, cause heating of the water and expelling of the water by separate gas generation. In other cases, a material can react with the liquid to cause expelling of hot liquid. An example of this is alkaline metal, such as sodium, being admixed with the water when expelling is desired.

Inventors

  • 👤 Roman L. Yanda

Bibliographic Details

Application Number —
Jurisdiction US
Data Source google_patents
Last Synchronized 2026-11-02 01:43
CPC Classifications
F; F42; F42B; F42B12/00; F42B12/02; F42B12/36; F42B12/40; F41; F41H; F41H9/00; F41H9/10

Claims Analysis

Total Claims: 12
Claim 1
Independent Claim 164 words
A non-lethal self-defense device comprising: an enclosed liquid container; a chamber associated with said container to receive liquid activating means; a restricted nozzle communicating with the liquid container to the exterior; the device having a construction whereby the nozzle can be manually directed in a desired direction; non-toxic liquid in said container; means for normally preventing said liquid from leaking out of said nozzle; and activating means for heating and pressurizing said liquid in said container so that pressure is generated in said container and said liquid is heated and to inactivate said means for preventing liquid leaking out of said nozzle whereby a solid stream of heated liquid can be directed to repel an attacher while the device is manually held, said activating means including cartridge means insertable into said chamber, the cartridge means including material which brings about heating and pressurization of the liquid, said means for heating and pressurizing said liquid being a self-combusting means, said self-combusting means being black powder.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim 164 words
A non-lethal self-defense device comprising: an enclosed liquid container; a chamber associated with said container to receive liquid activating means; a restricted nozzle communicating with the liquid container to the exterior; the device having a construction whereby the nozzle can be manually directed in a desired direction; non-toxic liquid in said container; means for normally preventing said liquid from leaking out of said nozzle; and activating means for heating and pressurizing said liquid in said container so that pressure is generated in said container and said liquid is heated and to inactivate said means for preventing liquid leaking out of said nozzle whereby a solid stream of heated liquid can be directed to repel an attacher while the device is manually held, said activating means including cartridge means insertable into said chamber, the cartridge means including material which brings about heating and pressurization of the liquid, said means for heating and pressurizing said liquid being a self-combusting means, said self-combusting means being black powder.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim 166 words
A non-lethal self-defense device comprising: an enclosed liquid container; a chamber associated with said container to receive liquid activating means; a restricted nozzle communicating with the liquid container to the exterior; the device having a construction whereby the nozzle can be manually directed in a desired direction; non-toxic liquid in said container; means for normally preventing said liquid from leaking out of said nozzle; and activating means for heating and pressurizing said liquid in said container so that pressure is generated in said container and said liquid is heated and to inactivate said means for preventing liquid leaking out of said nozzle whereby a solid stream of heated liquid can be directed to repel an attacher while the device is manually held, said activating means including cartridge means insertable into said chamber, the cartridge means including material which brings about heating and pressurization of the liquid, said means for heating and pressurizing said liquid being a self-combusting means, said self-combusting means being a smokeless nitrate explosive.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim 166 words
A non-lethal self-defense device comprising: an enclosed liquid container; a chamber associated with said container to receive liquid activating means; a restricted nozzle communicating with the liquid container to the exterior; the device having a construction whereby the nozzle can be manually directed in a desired direction; non-toxic liquid in said container; means for normally preventing said liquid from leaking out of said nozzle; and activating means for heating and pressurizing said liquid in said container so that pressure is generated in said container and said liquid is heated and to inactivate said means for preventing liquid leaking out of said nozzle whereby a solid stream of heated liquid can be directed to repel an attacher while the device is manually held, said activating means including cartridge means insertable into said chamber, the cartridge means including material which brings about heating and pressurization of the liquid, said means for heating and pressurizing said liquid being a self-combusting means, said self-combusting means being a smokeless nitrate explosive.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim 168 words
A non-lethal self-defense device comprising: an enclosed liquid container; a chamber associated with said container to receive liquid activating means; a restricted nozzle communicating with the liquid container to the exterior; the device having a construction whereby the nozzle can be manually directed in a desired direction; non-toxic liquid in said container; means for normally preventing said liquid from leaking out of said nozzle; and activating means for heating and pressurizing said liquid in said container so that pressure is generated in said container and said liquid is heated and to inactivate said means for preventing liquid leaking out of said nozzle whereby a solid stream of heated liquid can be directed to repel an attacher while the device is manually held, said activating means including cartridge means insertable into said chamber, the cartridge means including material which brings about heating and pressurization of the liquid, said liquid comprising water and said means for heating and pressurizing said liquid comprising means for mixing alkaline metal with said liquid.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim 168 words
A non-lethal self-defense device comprising: an enclosed liquid container; a chamber associated with said container to receive liquid activating means; a restricted nozzle communicating with the liquid container to the exterior; the device having a construction whereby the nozzle can be manually directed in a desired direction; non-toxic liquid in said container; means for normally preventing said liquid from leaking out of said nozzle; and activating means for heating and pressurizing said liquid in said container so that pressure is generated in said container and said liquid is heated and to inactivate said means for preventing liquid leaking out of said nozzle whereby a solid stream of heated liquid can be directed to repel an attacher while the device is manually held, said activating means including cartridge means insertable into said chamber, the cartridge means including material which brings about heating and pressurization of the liquid, said liquid comprising water and said means for heating and pressurizing said liquid comprising means for mixing alkaline metal with said liquid.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim 39 words
The self-defense device of claim 3 wherein said alkaline metal is positioned in the said cartridge means along with an explosive for propelling said alkaline metal, when said explosive is acutated, out of said cartridge means into said liquid.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim 34 words
The self-defense device of claim 4 wherein said alkaline metal is sodium and said sodium is sealed in a waxed container, said sodium being ejected from said waxed container upon actuation of said explosive.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim 53 words
The self-defense device of claim 5 wherein said cartridge means contains said explosive as a mechanically actuatable explosive primer, and a wad is positioned between said explosive primer and said sodium, said sodium being in granular condition so that, upon actuation of said primer, said wad expels granular sodium in the said liquid.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim 30 words
The self-defense device of claim 3 wherein said liquid is contained in a vessel in said container so that, prior to actuation, said liquid does not engage said container walls.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim 41 words
The self-defense device of claim 7 wherein said vessel is a rupturable vessel so that, when said liquid is heated and pressurized in said vessel, it ruptures at said nozzle opening to permit discharge of liquid in a heated jet stream.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim 60 words
The device as in claim 3, wherein the device is constructed to be manually held and utilized and the enclosed container being constructed in the form of a barrel like a gun barrel and the nozzle being constructed in a relationship to the container whereby a relatively solid stream of liquid can be ejected for a given period of time.

References Cited (Backward Citations)

US1567659A Cited
US1530133A Cited
US2000131A Cited
US2884836A Cited

USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows

Annuity Stage Window Opens Payment Deadline Surcharge Period Until Estimated Fee Status
3.5 Years (Year 4) 1980-07-11 1981-01-10 1981-07-12 $2000.00 Window Closed / Lapsed
7.5 Years (Year 8) 1984-07-11 1985-01-10 1985-07-12 $3760.00 Window Closed / Lapsed
11.5 Years (Year 12) 1988-07-11 1989-01-10 1989-07-12 $7700.00 Window Closed / Lapsed

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