US4032353A
Expired / Lapsed
US
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Low porosity aggregate-containing cement composition and process for producing same
Assignee: Westvaco Corp
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Filing: 1976-05-24
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Granted: 1977-06-28
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Expires: 1996-05-24
Abstract
Abstract Disclosed herein are low porosity aggregate-containing cement compositions comprising hydraulic cement containing substantially no calcium sulfate at least 0.1% alkali bicarbonate by weight based on dry ground cement, and at least 0.1% of a lignosulfonate or sulfonated lignin by weight based on dry ground cement, said aggregate-containing cement composition having been made at a water-to-cement ratio of between 0.4 and 0.15. Also, disclosed are methods for producing these low porosity aggregate-containing cements.
Inventors
- 👤 Frank J. Ball
- 👤 David V. Braddon
- 👤 Lynden J. Stryker
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-11-04 23:06
CPC Classifications
C; C04; C04B; C04B28/00; C04B28/02
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 24
Claim 1
Independent Claim
106 words
A low porosity, aggregate-containing cement composition comprising; (a) a hydraulic cement having a fineness above about 2,000 cm. 2 /gm. without gypsum, (b) alkali bicarbonate in an amount at least 0.1% by weight based on dry ground cement, (c) a lignin selected from the group consisting of alkali metal lignosulfonate, alkaline earth metal lignosulfonate, ammonium lignosulfonate, alkali metal salt of sulfonated lignin, alkaline earth metal salt of sulfonated lignin and ammonium salt of sulfonated lignin in an amount of at least 1.0% by weight based on dry ground cement, and (d) said aggregate-containing cement composition having been made at a water-to-cement ratio between 0.4 and 0.15.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
106 words
A low porosity, aggregate-containing cement composition comprising; (a) a hydraulic cement having a fineness above about 2,000 cm. 2 /gm. without gypsum, (b) alkali bicarbonate in an amount at least 0.1% by weight based on dry ground cement, (c) a lignin selected from the group consisting of alkali metal lignosulfonate, alkaline earth metal lignosulfonate, ammonium lignosulfonate, alkali metal salt of sulfonated lignin, alkaline earth metal salt of sulfonated lignin and ammonium salt of sulfonated lignin in an amount of at least 1.0% by weight based on dry ground cement, and (d) said aggregate-containing cement composition having been made at a water-to-cement ratio between 0.4 and 0.15.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
25 words
The aggregate-containing cement composition of claim 1 wherein said cement is ground to a fineness from 3,000 cm. 2 /gm. to 6,000 cm. 2 /gm.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
33 words
The aggregate-containing cement composition of claim 2 wherein said alkali bicarbonate is sodium bicarbonate and is present in an amount from 0.1% to 2.0%; and said water-to-cement ratio is from 0.4 to 0.2.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
19 words
The aggregate-containing cement composition of claim 3 wherein said lignin is an alkali metal salt of a sulfonated lignin.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
25 words
The aggregate-containing cement composition of claim 3 wherein said lignin is present in an amount at least 1.5% by weight based on dry ground cement.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
26 words
The aggregate-containing cement composition of claim 3 wherein said lignin is present in an amount from 1.5% to 5.0% by weight based on dry ground cement.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
106 words
A low porosity, aggregate-containing cement composition comprising; (a) a hydraulic cement having a fineness above about 2,000 cm. 2 /gm. without gypsum, (b) alkali bicarbonate in an amount at least 2.0% by weight based on dry ground cement, (c) a lignin selected from the group consisting of alkali metal lignosulfonate, alkaline earth metal lignosulfonate, ammonium lignosulfonate, alkali metal salt of sulfonated lignin, alkaline earth metal salt of sulfonated lignin and ammonium salt of sulfonated lignin in an amount of at least 0.1% by weight based on dry ground cement, and (d) said aggregate-containing cement composition having been made at a water-to-cement ratio between 0.4 and 0.15.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
106 words
A low porosity, aggregate-containing cement composition comprising; (a) a hydraulic cement having a fineness above about 2,000 cm. 2 /gm. without gypsum, (b) alkali bicarbonate in an amount at least 2.0% by weight based on dry ground cement, (c) a lignin selected from the group consisting of alkali metal lignosulfonate, alkaline earth metal lignosulfonate, ammonium lignosulfonate, alkali metal salt of sulfonated lignin, alkaline earth metal salt of sulfonated lignin and ammonium salt of sulfonated lignin in an amount of at least 0.1% by weight based on dry ground cement, and (d) said aggregate-containing cement composition having been made at a water-to-cement ratio between 0.4 and 0.15.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
22 words
The aggregate-containing cement composition of claim 7 wherein said cement is ground to a fineness from 3,000 to 6,000 cm. 2 /gm.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
35 words
The aggregate-containing cement composition of claim 8 wherein said lignin is present in an amount from 0.1% to 1.5% by weight based on dry ground cement; and said water-to-cement ratio is from 0.4 to 0.2.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
26 words
The aggregate-containing cement composition of claim 7 wherein said lignin is present in an amount from 1.5% to 5.0% by weight based on dry ground cement.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
25 words
The aggregate-containing cement composition of claim 10 wherein said alkali bicarbonate is sodium bicarbonate and is present in an amount from 2.0% to saturated solutions.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
19 words
The aggregate-containing cement composition of claim 10 wherein said lignin is an alkali metal salt of a sulfonated lignin.
Claim 15
Independent Claim
96 words
A method of making a low porosity, free-flowing cement composition comprising; (a) combining ground hydraulic cement without gypsum with at least 0.1% of an alkali bicarbonate, (b) combining 15% to 40% of water with at least 1.0% of a lignin selected from the group consisting of alkali metal lignosulfonates, alkaline earth metal lignosulfonates, ammonium lignosulfonates, alkali metal salt of sulfonated lignin, alkaline earth metal salt of sulfonated lignin and ammonium salt of sulfonated lignin, and (c) thereafter mixing together the combined materials of steps (a) and (b), all percentages based on dry weight of ground cement.
Claim 16
Independent Claim
96 words
A method of making a low porosity, free-flowing cement composition comprising; (a) combining ground hydraulic cement without gypsum with at least 0.1% of an alkali bicarbonate, (b) combining 15% to 40% of water with at least 1.0% of a lignin selected from the group consisting of alkali metal lignosulfonates, alkaline earth metal lignosulfonates, ammonium lignosulfonates, alkali metal salt of sulfonated lignin, alkaline earth metal salt of sulfonated lignin and ammonium salt of sulfonated lignin, and (c) thereafter mixing together the combined materials of steps (a) and (b), all percentages based on dry weight of ground cement.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
31 words
The method according to claim 13 wherein said alkali bicarbonate is sodium bicarbonate and is present in an amount from 0.1% to 2.0%; and said water is from 20% to 40%.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
18 words
The method according to claim 14 wherein said lignin is an alkali metal salt of a sulfonated lignin.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
18 words
The method according to claim 15 wherein said lignin is present in an amount from 1.5% to 5.0%.
Claim 20
Independent Claim
97 words
A method of making a low porosity, free-flowing aggregate-containing cement composition comprising; (a) combining ground hydraulic cement without gypsum with at least 2.0% of an alkali bicarbonate, (b) combining 15% to 40% of water with at least 0.1% of a lignin selected from the group consisting of alkali metal lignosulfonates, alkaline earth metal lignosulfonates, ammonium lignosulfonates, alkali metal salt of sulfonated lignin, alkaline earth metal salt of sulfonated lignin and ammonium salt of sulfonated lignin, and (c) thereafter mixing together the combined materials of steps (a) and (b), all percentages based on dry weight of ground cement.
Claim 21
Independent Claim
97 words
A method of making a low porosity, free-flowing aggregate-containing cement composition comprising; (a) combining ground hydraulic cement without gypsum with at least 2.0% of an alkali bicarbonate, (b) combining 15% to 40% of water with at least 0.1% of a lignin selected from the group consisting of alkali metal lignosulfonates, alkaline earth metal lignosulfonates, ammonium lignosulfonates, alkali metal salt of sulfonated lignin, alkaline earth metal salt of sulfonated lignin and ammonium salt of sulfonated lignin, and (c) thereafter mixing together the combined materials of steps (a) and (b), all percentages based on dry weight of ground cement.
Claim 22
Dependent Claim
27 words
The method according to claim 17 wherein said lignin is an alkali metal salt of a sulfonated lignin; and said water is present from 20% to 40%.
Claim 23
Dependent Claim
18 words
The method according to claim 18 wherein said lignin is present in an amount from 0.1% to 1.5%.
Claim 24
Dependent Claim
24 words
The method according to claim 17 wherein said alkali bicarbonate is sodium bicarbonate and is present in an amount from 2.0% to saturated solutions.
References Cited (Backward Citations)
USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1980-06-27 | 1980-12-27 | 1981-06-28 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1984-06-27 | 1984-12-27 | 1985-06-28 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1988-06-27 | 1988-12-27 | 1989-06-28 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |