US4028274A
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Support material for a noble metal catalyst and method for making the same
Assignee: RTX Corp
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Filing: 1976-06-01
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Granted: 1977-06-07
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Expires: 1996-06-01
Abstract
Abstract A support material for platinum, platinum alloys, or other noble metal catalyst, is made from carbon particles by heat treating the carbon until it is at least partially graphitized, depositing a metal on the heat treated carbon particles which will catalyze the oxidation of graphite in an oxidizing atmopshere, and oxidizing the surfaces of the heat treated carbon particles at the sites of the catalyst crysals to pit or etch the surfaces at these sites. When this material is used as a support for platinum it reduces the rate of platinum migration when the supported platinum catalyst is heated in the presence of a liquid, thereby reducing the loss of platinum surface area which often occurs under these conditions.
Inventors
- 👤 Harold Russell Kunz
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-30 07:22
CPC Classifications
H; H01; H01M; H01M4/00; H01M4/86; H01M4/90; H01M4/92; H01M4/925; H01M4/926; B; B01; B01J; B01J23/00; B01J23/38; B01J23/40; B01J23/42; H01M2004/8678; H01M2004/8684; H01M2004/8689; H01M2300/00; H01M2300/0002; H01M2300/0005; H01M2300/0008; H01M4/921; Y; Y02; Y02E; Y02E60/00; Y02E60/30; Y02E60/50
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 27
Claim 1
Independent Claim
96 words
In the process for making a noble metal catalyst support material from carbon, the steps of: heat treating a carbon powder at temperatures above about 1250° C to at least partially graphitize the carbon; depositing a metal oxidizing catalyst on the surfaces of the heat treated carbon particles; and oxidizing the surfaces of the heat treated carbon particles at temperatures sufficiently high to cause oxidation of the surfaces at the sites of the metal oxidizing catalyst, but not high enough to oxidize the heat treated carbon at the locations where no metal oxidizing catalyst is present.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
96 words
In the process for making a noble metal catalyst support material from carbon, the steps of: heat treating a carbon powder at temperatures above about 1250° C to at least partially graphitize the carbon; depositing a metal oxidizing catalyst on the surfaces of the heat treated carbon particles; and oxidizing the surfaces of the heat treated carbon particles at temperatures sufficiently high to cause oxidation of the surfaces at the sites of the metal oxidizing catalyst, but not high enough to oxidize the heat treated carbon at the locations where no metal oxidizing catalyst is present.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
24 words
The process according to claim 1 including the further step of removing the metal oxidizing catalyst from the surfaces of the heat treated particles.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
23 words
The process according to claim 2 wherein the metal oxidizing catalyst is selected from the group consisting of iron, copper, lead, and silver.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
20 words
The process according to claim 2 wherein the step of heat treating the carbon powder includes fully graphitizing the carbon.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
54 words
The process for making a supported noble metal catalyst support material according to claim 1 wherein the step of depositing metal oxidizing catalyst crystallites includes mixing the heat treated carbon particles in an aqueous salt solution of the metal oxidizing catalyst; removing the water and decomposing the salt to convert it to the metal.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
110 words
In the method for making a supported platinum catalyst the steps of: heat treating a carbon powder at temperatures above about 1250° C to at least partially graphitize the carbon; depositing a metal oxidizing catalyst on the surfaces of the heat treated carbon particles; oxidizing the surfaces of the heat treated carbon particles in the presence of the metal oxidizing catalyst at a temperature sufficiently high to cause oxidation of the surfaces at the sites of the metal oxidizing catalyst, but not high enough to oxidize the heat treated carbon surfaces where no metal oxidizing catalyst is present; removing the metal oxidizing catalyst; and depositing platinum on the oxidized particles.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
110 words
In the method for making a supported platinum catalyst the steps of: heat treating a carbon powder at temperatures above about 1250° C to at least partially graphitize the carbon; depositing a metal oxidizing catalyst on the surfaces of the heat treated carbon particles; oxidizing the surfaces of the heat treated carbon particles in the presence of the metal oxidizing catalyst at a temperature sufficiently high to cause oxidation of the surfaces at the sites of the metal oxidizing catalyst, but not high enough to oxidize the heat treated carbon surfaces where no metal oxidizing catalyst is present; removing the metal oxidizing catalyst; and depositing platinum on the oxidized particles.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
29 words
The method for making a supported platinum catalyst according to claim 6 wherein the metal oxidizing catalyst is selected from the group consisting of lead, copper, iron and silver.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
50 words
The method for making a supported platinum catalyst according to claim 7 wherein the step of depositing metal oxidizing catalyst includes mixing the heat treated carbon particles in an aqueous salt solution of the metal oxidizing catalyst; removing the water and decomposing the salt to convert it to the metal.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
57 words
In the method for making a supported platinum catalyst the steps of: depositing metal oxidizing catalyst crystallites on the surfaces of fully graphitized carbon support particles; oxidizing the surfaces of the support particles only at the sites of the metal oxidizing catalyst crystallites; removing the metal oxidizing catalyst crystallites; and depositing platinum on the oxidized support particles.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
57 words
In the method for making a supported platinum catalyst the steps of: depositing metal oxidizing catalyst crystallites on the surfaces of fully graphitized carbon support particles; oxidizing the surfaces of the support particles only at the sites of the metal oxidizing catalyst crystallites; removing the metal oxidizing catalyst crystallites; and depositing platinum on the oxidized support particles.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
44 words
The method according to claim 9 wherein the step of depositing metal oxidizing catalyst crystallites includes mixing the graphitized support particles in an aqueous salt solution of the metal oxidizing catalyst; removing the water and decomposing the salt to convert it to the metal.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
14 words
The method according to claim 9 wherein the metal oxidizing catalyst crystallites are iron.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
23 words
The method according to claim 10 wherein the metal oxidizing catalyst crystallites are iron and the salt of the metal is ferric formate.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
27 words
The method according to claim 9 wherein the step of oxidizing is continued until the graphitized support material has lost between 10 and 30% of its weight.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
27 words
The method according to claim 10 wherein the step of oxidizing is continued until the graphitized support material has lost between 14 and 20% of its weight.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
93 words
A platinum catalyst support material made from carbon according to the following process: heat treating a carbon powder at temperatures above about 1250° C to at least partially graphitize the carbon; depositing a metal oxidizing catalyst on the surfaces of the heat treated carbon particles; and oxidizing the surfaces of the heat treated carbon particles at temperatures sufficiently high to cause oxidation of the surfaces at the sites of the metal oxidizing catalyst, but not high enough to oxidize the heat treated carbon at the locations where no metal oxidizing catalyst is present.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
93 words
A platinum catalyst support material made from carbon according to the following process: heat treating a carbon powder at temperatures above about 1250° C to at least partially graphitize the carbon; depositing a metal oxidizing catalyst on the surfaces of the heat treated carbon particles; and oxidizing the surfaces of the heat treated carbon particles at temperatures sufficiently high to cause oxidation of the surfaces at the sites of the metal oxidizing catalyst, but not high enough to oxidize the heat treated carbon at the locations where no metal oxidizing catalyst is present.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
27 words
A platinum catalyst support material according to claim 15 including the further step of removing the metal oxidizing catalyst from the surfaces of the heat treated particles.
Claim 21
Dependent Claim
26 words
A platinum catalyst support material according to claim 16 wherein the metal oxidizing catalyst is selected from the group consisting of iron, copper, lead, and silver.
Claim 22
Dependent Claim
23 words
A platinum catalyst support material according to claim 16 wherein the step of heat treating the carbon powder includes fully graphitizing the carbon.
Claim 23
Dependent Claim
48 words
A platinum catalyst support material according to claim 15 wherein the step of depositing metal oxidizing catalyst crystallites includes mixing the heat treated carbon particles in an aqueous salt solution of the metal oxidizing catalyst; removing the water and decomposing the salt to convert it to the metal.
Claim 24
Dependent Claim
108 words
A supported platinum catalyst made according to the following process: heat treating a carbon powder at temperatures above about 1250° C to at least partially graphitize the carbon; depositing a metal oxidizing catalyst on the surfaces of the heat treated carbon particles; oxidizing the surfaces of the heat treated carbon particles in the presence of the metal oxidizing catalyst at a temperature sufficiently high to cause oxidation of the surfaces at the sites of the metal oxidizing catalyst, but not high enough to oxidize the heat treated carbon surfaces where no metal oxidizing catalyst is present; removing the metal oxidizing catalyst; and depositing platinum on the oxidized particles.
Claim 25
Dependent Claim
108 words
A supported platinum catalyst made according to the following process: heat treating a carbon powder at temperatures above about 1250° C to at least partially graphitize the carbon; depositing a metal oxidizing catalyst on the surfaces of the heat treated carbon particles; oxidizing the surfaces of the heat treated carbon particles in the presence of the metal oxidizing catalyst at a temperature sufficiently high to cause oxidation of the surfaces at the sites of the metal oxidizing catalyst, but not high enough to oxidize the heat treated carbon surfaces where no metal oxidizing catalyst is present; removing the metal oxidizing catalyst; and depositing platinum on the oxidized particles.
Claim 26
Dependent Claim
25 words
A supported platinum catalyst according to claim 20 wherein the metal oxidizing catalyst is selected from the group consisting of lead, copper, iron and silver.
Claim 27
Dependent Claim
46 words
A supported platinum catalyst according to claim 21 wherein the step of depositing metal oxidizing catalyst includes mixing the heat treated carbon particles in an aqueous salt solution of the metal oxidizing catalyst; removing the water and decomposing the salt to convert it to the metal.
References Cited (Backward Citations)
USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1980-06-06 | 1980-12-06 | 1981-06-07 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1984-06-06 | 1984-12-06 | 1985-06-07 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1988-06-06 | 1988-12-06 | 1989-06-07 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |