US4025577A
Expired / Lapsed
US
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Hydroalkylation of paraffins with olefins utilizing hydrogen fluoride and metal pentafluoride catalyst
Assignee: ExxonMobil Technology and Engineering Co
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Filing: 1975-06-12
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Granted: 1977-05-24
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Expires: 1995-06-12
Abstract
Abstract High octane alkylates are prepared by selectively alkylating paraffinic hydrocarbons with a hydrocarbon selected from the group consisting of paraffins and olefins at alkylation conditions in the presence of hydrogen and of a catalyst comprising (a) one or more Lewis acids of the formula MXn where M is selected from the Group IIIA, IVB, V or VIB elements of the Periodic Table, X is a halogen, n is the ratio of halogen atoms to atoms of M and varies from 1-8, and (b) a hydrogen halide.
Inventors
- 👤 Michael Siskin
- 👤 Joseph J. Porcelli
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-26 15:27
CPC Classifications
C; C07; C07C; C07C2/00; C07C2/54; C07C2/56; C07C2/58; C07C2/62; C07C2/76; C07C6/00; C07C6/08; C07C6/10; C07C2527/00; C07C2527/06; C07C2527/08; C07C2527/12; C07C2527/1206; C07C2527/133; Y; Y10; Y10S; Y10S585/00; Y10S585/8995; Y10S585/905
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 17
Claim 1
Independent Claim
66 words
An alkylation process wherein i-C 4 -C 12 aliphatic hydrocarbons are alkylated with olefins under substantially anhydrous alkylation conditions and in the presence of hydrogen and of a catalyst comprising (a) a metal fluoride selected from the group consisting of tantalum pentafluoride, niobium pentafluoride and mixtures thereof, and (b) hydrogen fluoride, and forming an alkylate product having an octane number greater than that of the feedstock.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
66 words
An alkylation process wherein i-C 4 -C 12 aliphatic hydrocarbons are alkylated with olefins under substantially anhydrous alkylation conditions and in the presence of hydrogen and of a catalyst comprising (a) a metal fluoride selected from the group consisting of tantalum pentafluoride, niobium pentafluoride and mixtures thereof, and (b) hydrogen fluoride, and forming an alkylate product having an octane number greater than that of the feedstock.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
18 words
The process of claim 1 wherein the ratio of hydrogen fluoride to metal fluoride is at least equimolar.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
16 words
The process of claim 1 wherein said alkylation occurs in the substantial absence of aromatic compounds.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
21 words
The process of claim 1 wherein sufficient hydrogen is present to maintain a hydrogen partial pressure of at least 0.1 atmosphere.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
14 words
The process of claim 1 wherein said alkylation occurs substantially in the liquid phase.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
16 words
The process of claim 1 wherein said olefin is a C 2 - C 8 olefin.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
22 words
The process of claim 1 wherein the molar ratio of olefin to paraffin in the feed ranges from 1:1 to to 1:200.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
22 words
The process of claim 1 wherein said catalyst is supported on a solid carrier that is substantially inert to the supported acid.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
118 words
An alkylation process which comprises alkylating i-C 4 -C 8 aliphatic hydrocarbons with C 2 to C 8 olefins in an alkylation zone under substantially anhydrous conditions in the presence of hydrogen and of a catalyst comprising (a) a metal fluoride selected from the group consisting of tantalum pentafluoride, niobium pentafluoride and mixtures thereof and (b) hydrogen fluoride, wherein the ratio of hydrogen fluoride to metal fluoride is at least equimolar, said alkylation taking place substantially in the liquid phase, at a temperature ranging from about -30° to about +75° C., a hydrogen partial pressure ranging from about 0.1 to about 50 atmospheres, and forming an alkylate product having an octane number greater than that of the feedstock.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
118 words
An alkylation process which comprises alkylating i-C 4 -C 8 aliphatic hydrocarbons with C 2 to C 8 olefins in an alkylation zone under substantially anhydrous conditions in the presence of hydrogen and of a catalyst comprising (a) a metal fluoride selected from the group consisting of tantalum pentafluoride, niobium pentafluoride and mixtures thereof and (b) hydrogen fluoride, wherein the ratio of hydrogen fluoride to metal fluoride is at least equimolar, said alkylation taking place substantially in the liquid phase, at a temperature ranging from about -30° to about +75° C., a hydrogen partial pressure ranging from about 0.1 to about 50 atmospheres, and forming an alkylate product having an octane number greater than that of the feedstock.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
21 words
The process of claim 9 wherein the molar ratio of olefin to paraffin in the feed ranges from 1:3 to 1:50.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
14 words
The process of claim 9 wherein said olefins contain 2-6 carbon atoms per molecule.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
19 words
The process of claim 9 wherein the molar ratio of hydrogen fluoride to metal fluoride is at least 2:1.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
19 words
The process of claim 9 wherein a polymeric material derived from an olefin is present in said alkylation zone.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
17 words
The process of claim 9 wherein said alkylation is conducted in the substantial absence of aromatic compounds.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
18 words
The process of claim 9 wherein the hydrogen partial pressure ranges from about 0.3 to about 25 atmospheres.
References Cited (Backward Citations)
USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1980-05-23 | 1980-11-22 | 1981-05-24 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1984-05-23 | 1984-11-22 | 1985-05-24 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1988-05-23 | 1988-11-22 | 1989-05-24 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |