← Back to Patent Explorer
US4023119A Expired / Lapsed US ⏱️ 0.0 years remaining

Laser output coupler

Assignee: University of Illinois Foundation
•
Filing: 1976-04-29
•
Granted: 1977-05-10
•
Expires: 1996-04-29
📄 Original PDF 🌐 Google Patents 🔄 Sync Now

Abstract

Abstract The invention pertains to a laser apparatus which includes a laser cavity containing a laser medium, such as methyl fluoride or formic acid, which has a characteristic wavelength in the far infrared region of the spectrum. The laser cavity has first and second opposing mirrors which also respectively serve as an input mirror for the pumping radiation and an output coupling mirror. The invention is an improved output coupler which serves as one of the first and second opposing mirrors. A metal layer having a multiplicity of apertures therein is provided. At least one layer of dielectric material is disposed over the metal layer. The dielectric material is selected to be substantially reflective of infrared radiation (at least 80% reflective) and substantially transmitting of far infrared radiation (at least 80% transmissive). The reflectivity of the output coupler to far infrared radiation is selected by choosing the aperture size and shape of the metal layer. Applicant has discovered that a quarter wave stack of layers of germanium and calcium fluoride provide a high degree of reflectance of the infrared pump radiation while being highly transmissive of the far infrared.Accordingly, these dielectric materials, in conjunction with a metallic grid of, for example, aluminum or nickel, provide a highly efficient output coupler.

Inventors

  • 👤 Edward J. Danielewicz, Jr.

Bibliographic Details

Application Number —
Jurisdiction US
Data Source google_patents
Last Synchronized 2026-10-25 07:49
CPC Classifications
H; H01; H01S; H01S3/00; H01S3/05; H01S3/08; H01S3/08059; H01S3/08063; H01S3/09; H01S3/091; H01S3/094; H01S3/0943; H01S3/14; H01S3/22; H01S3/223

Claims Analysis

Total Claims: 18
Claim 1
Independent Claim 89 words
In a far infrared laser apparatus comprising a laser cavity, a lasing medium disposed in said cavity, first and second opposing reflecting surfaces, and means for introducing a beam of pumping infrared radiation; an improved output coupler serving as one of said first and second opposing surfaces, comprising: a metal layer having a multiplicity of apertures therein; and at least one layer of dielectric material disposed over said metal layer, said dielectric material being selected to be substantially reflective of infrared radiation and substantially transmitting of far infrared radiation.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim 89 words
In a far infrared laser apparatus comprising a laser cavity, a lasing medium disposed in said cavity, first and second opposing reflecting surfaces, and means for introducing a beam of pumping infrared radiation; an improved output coupler serving as one of said first and second opposing surfaces, comprising: a metal layer having a multiplicity of apertures therein; and at least one layer of dielectric material disposed over said metal layer, said dielectric material being selected to be substantially reflective of infrared radiation and substantially transmitting of far infrared radiation.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim 18 words
The apparatus as defined by claim 1 wherein said at least one dielectric layer comprises a germanium layer.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim 19 words
The apparatus as defined by claim 1 wherein said at least one dielectric layer comprises a calcium fluoride layer.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim 22 words
The apparatus as defined by claim 1 wherein said dielectric layer comprises a layer of germanium and a layer of calcium fluoride.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim 19 words
The apparatus as defined by claim 4 wherein said semiconductor layer comprises alternating layers of germanium and calcium fluoride.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim 20 words
The apparatus as defined by claim 5 wherein said layers comprise a quarter wave stack at the pumping radiation wavelength.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim 15 words
The apparatus as defined by claim 1 wherein said metal layer comprises a metallic grid.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim 16 words
Apparatus as defined by claim 5 wherein said metal layer is deposited on a silicon substrate.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim 19 words
Apparatus as defined by claim 5 wherein said first reflecting surface comprises an input mirror having an aperture therein.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim 14 words
Apparatus as defined by claim 5 wherein said metal layer is formed of nickel.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim 50 words
An output coupler for a far infrared laser, comprising: a metal layer having a multiplicity of apertures therein; and at least one layer of dielectric material disposed over said metal layer, said dielectric material being selected to be substantially reflective of infrared radiation and substantially transmitting of far infrared radiation.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim 50 words
An output coupler for a far infrared laser, comprising: a metal layer having a multiplicity of apertures therein; and at least one layer of dielectric material disposed over said metal layer, said dielectric material being selected to be substantially reflective of infrared radiation and substantially transmitting of far infrared radiation.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim 19 words
The output coupler as defined by claim 11 wherein said at least one dielectric layer comprises a germanium layer.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim 23 words
The output coupler as defined by claim 11 wherein said dielectric layer comprises a layer of germanium and a layer of calcium fluoride.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim 20 words
The output coupler as defined by claim 11 wherein said dielectric layer comprises alternating layers of germanium and calcium fluoride.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim 25 words
The output coupler as defined by claim 14 wherein said layers comprise a quarter wave stack at the wavelength of pumping radiation to be utilized.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim 16 words
The output coupler as define by claim 11 wherein said metal layer comprises a metallic grid.

References Cited (Backward Citations)

US3617938A Cited
US3646470A Cited

USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows

Annuity Stage Window Opens Payment Deadline Surcharge Period Until Estimated Fee Status
3.5 Years (Year 4) 1980-05-09 1980-11-08 1981-05-10 $2000.00 Window Closed / Lapsed
7.5 Years (Year 8) 1984-05-09 1984-11-08 1985-05-10 $3760.00 Window Closed / Lapsed
11.5 Years (Year 12) 1988-05-09 1988-11-08 1989-05-10 $7700.00 Window Closed / Lapsed

Assigned Categories & Tags

No categories assigned to this patent yet.

Assign Category Tag