US4021355A
Expired / Lapsed
US
⏱️ 0.0 years remaining
Compositions for fracturing well formations
Assignee: Halliburton Co
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Filing: 1973-03-30
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Granted: 1977-05-03
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Expires: 1993-03-30
Abstract
Abstract The present invention relates to a crosslinked aqueous gel for fracturing and placing propping agents within subterranean formations, said gel having a viscosity in said formations greater than about 20,000 centipoises and having pumping characteristics in turbulent flow approaching those of water.
Inventors
- 👤 Marlin D. Holtmyer
- 👤 Charles J. Githens
- 👤 John M. Tinsley
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-24 17:38
CPC Classifications
C; C09; C09K; C09K8/00; C09K8/60; C09K8/62; C09K8/66; C09K8/68; C09K8/685; Y; Y10; Y10S; Y10S507/00; Y10S507/903; Y10S507/922
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 6
Claim 1
Independent Claim
157 words
A crosslinked aqueous fracturing gel, having a resistance to turbulent flow of less than that of water and a viscosity after turbulent flow of greater than about 20,000 centipoises, consisting of the reaction product of a hydratable polysaccharide, which has been hydrated with an aqueous liquid, and a crosslinking agent; wherein said hydratable polysaccharide is present in the range of about 0.3% to about 3% by weight of said aqueous liquid, said crosslinking agent is present in the range of about 0.001% to about 0.5% by weight of said aqueous liquid and said reaction product is produced at a pH in the range of greater than about 5 to about 7; further wherein said hydratable polysaccharide has a molecular weight of at least about 100,000 and is selected from the group consisting of galactomannan gums and glucomannan gums; and still further wherein said crosslinking agent is selected from the group consisting of sodium permanganate and potassium permanganate.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
157 words
A crosslinked aqueous fracturing gel, having a resistance to turbulent flow of less than that of water and a viscosity after turbulent flow of greater than about 20,000 centipoises, consisting of the reaction product of a hydratable polysaccharide, which has been hydrated with an aqueous liquid, and a crosslinking agent; wherein said hydratable polysaccharide is present in the range of about 0.3% to about 3% by weight of said aqueous liquid, said crosslinking agent is present in the range of about 0.001% to about 0.5% by weight of said aqueous liquid and said reaction product is produced at a pH in the range of greater than about 5 to about 7; further wherein said hydratable polysaccharide has a molecular weight of at least about 100,000 and is selected from the group consisting of galactomannan gums and glucomannan gums; and still further wherein said crosslinking agent is selected from the group consisting of sodium permanganate and potassium permanganate.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
41 words
The crosslinked aqueous fracturing gel of claim 1 wherein said hydratable polysaccharide has a molecular weight in the range of about 100,000 to about 3,000,000 and is selected from the group consisting of guar gum, locust bean gum, and karaya gum.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
25 words
The crosslinked aqueous fracturing gel of claim 2 wherein said hydratable polysaccharide has a molecular weight in the range of about 100,000 to about 300,000.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
29 words
The crosslinked aqueous fracturing gel of claim 3 wherein said crosslinking agent is present in the range of about 0.01% to about 0.25% by weight of said aqueous liquid.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
27 words
The crosslinked aqueous fracturing gel of claim 4 wherein said crosslinking agent is one of potassium permanganate and sodium permanganate and said hydratable polysaccharide is guar gum.
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USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1980-05-02 | 1980-11-01 | 1981-05-03 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1984-05-02 | 1984-11-01 | 1985-05-03 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1988-05-02 | 1988-11-01 | 1989-05-03 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |