US4017368A
Expired / Lapsed
US
⏱️ 0.0 years remaining
Process for electroplating zirconium alloys
Assignee: General Electric Co
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Filing: 1974-11-11
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Granted: 1977-04-12
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Expires: 1994-11-11
Abstract
Abstract A novel aqueous electrolytic activating solution and a method for electroplating zirconium and zirconium alloys are disclosed. The novel aqueous electrolytic activating solution is comprised of from about 10 to about 20 grams per liter of ammonium bifluoride (NH 4 FHF) and from about 0.75 to 2 grams per liter of sulfuric acid (H 2 SO 4 ).
Inventors
- 👤 Daniel E. Wax
- 👤 II Robert L. Cowan
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-11-05 05:43
CPC Classifications
C; C25; C25D; C25D5/00; C25D5/34; C25D5/38
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 10
Claim 1
Independent Claim
44 words
An aqueous electrolytic activating solution comprised of a. from about 10 to about 20 grams per liter of ammonium bifluoride, and b. from about 0.75 to about 2 grams per liter of sulfuric acid, said solution having been aged by immersion of zirconium therein.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
44 words
An aqueous electrolytic activating solution comprised of a. from about 10 to about 20 grams per liter of ammonium bifluoride, and b. from about 0.75 to about 2 grams per liter of sulfuric acid, said solution having been aged by immersion of zirconium therein.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
27 words
An aqueous electrolytic activating solution according to claim 1 and having about 15 grams per liter of ammonium bi-fluoride and about 0.95 grams per liter sulfuric acid.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
25 words
An aqueous electrolytic activating solution according to claim 1 which has been aged by immersion of pickled zirconium for about 10 minutes at ambient temperature.
Claim 5
Independent Claim
93 words
A method for protecting zirconium and zirconium base alloys by electrolytic deposition of a metal film thereon, comprising a. activating the zirconium and zirconium alloys in an aqueous electrolytic activating solution of from about 10 to about 20 grams per liter of ammonium bi-fluoride and from about 0.75 to about 2 grams per liter of sulfuric acid, said solution being aged by immersion of pickled zirconium in said solution for about 10 minutes, and b. electroplating the zirconium material in a plating bath of the metal to be plated on the zirconium material.
Claim 6
Independent Claim
93 words
A method for protecting zirconium and zirconium base alloys by electrolytic deposition of a metal film thereon, comprising a. activating the zirconium and zirconium alloys in an aqueous electrolytic activating solution of from about 10 to about 20 grams per liter of ammonium bi-fluoride and from about 0.75 to about 2 grams per liter of sulfuric acid, said solution being aged by immersion of pickled zirconium in said solution for about 10 minutes, and b. electroplating the zirconium material in a plating bath of the metal to be plated on the zirconium material.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
31 words
A method according to claim 4 in which the aqueous electrolytic activating solution is comprised of about 15 grams per liter ammonium bi-fluoride and about 0.95 grams per liter sulfuric acid.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
26 words
The method according to claim 4 in which the salt bath is copper sulfate and the metal to be plated on the zirconium material is copper.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
26 words
The method according to claim 4 in which the salt bath is nickel sulfate and the metal to be plated on the zirconium material is nickel.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
26 words
The method according to claim 4 in which the salt bath is chromium oxide and the metal to be plated on the zirconium material is chromium.
References Cited (Backward Citations)
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US2711364A
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US3264219A
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US3817844A
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US3725217A
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USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1980-04-11 | 1980-10-11 | 1981-04-12 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1984-04-11 | 1984-10-11 | 1985-04-12 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1988-04-11 | 1988-10-11 | 1989-04-12 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |