US4016894A
Expired / Lapsed
US
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Drag reducing composition and method
Assignee: BELKNAP CORP
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Filing: 1975-08-28
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Granted: 1977-04-12
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Expires: 1995-08-28
Abstract
Abstract Drag in turbulent aqueous streams is reduced by a powder composition of a finely divided hygroscopic drag reducing powder, for example poly(ethylene oxide), and a colloidal size hydrophobic powder, for example, an organosilicon modified colloidal silica, and an inert filler such as sodium sulphate. The powder composition is injected into the turbulent stream by first mixing the powder with water to form a slurry and immediately thereafter drawing the slurry through an eductor into a recycle stream between the downstream and upstream ends of a pump for the turbulent stream.
Inventors
- 👤 Bruce B. Baldwin
- 👤 Robert N. Hammer
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-11-05 12:27
CPC Classifications
F; F17; F17D; F17D1/00; F17D1/08; F17D1/16; B; B65; B65G; B65G53/00; B65G53/30; Y; Y10; Y10T; Y10T137/00; Y10T137/0318; Y10T137/0391
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 13
Claim 1
Independent Claim
119 words
A process for reducing hydrodynamic drag of a turbulent aqueous stream comprising the step of injecting into the turbulent aqueous stream a mixture of a finely divided free flowing hygroscopic drag reducing powder, which tends to agglomerate when dissolved in water, and a colloidal size moisture repelling hydrophobic powder, the hydrophobic powder coating the hygroscopic powder and being of such size and being present in the mixture in amounts sufficient to effectively inhibit the caking of the hygroscopic powder under normal storage conditions, to promote free flow of the hygroscopic powder and to control the rate at which the hygroscopic powder dissolves in the aqueous water stream so as to minimize agglomeration of the hygroscopic powder during dissolution thereof.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
119 words
A process for reducing hydrodynamic drag of a turbulent aqueous stream comprising the step of injecting into the turbulent aqueous stream a mixture of a finely divided free flowing hygroscopic drag reducing powder, which tends to agglomerate when dissolved in water, and a colloidal size moisture repelling hydrophobic powder, the hydrophobic powder coating the hygroscopic powder and being of such size and being present in the mixture in amounts sufficient to effectively inhibit the caking of the hygroscopic powder under normal storage conditions, to promote free flow of the hygroscopic powder and to control the rate at which the hygroscopic powder dissolves in the aqueous water stream so as to minimize agglomeration of the hygroscopic powder during dissolution thereof.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
48 words
A process for reducing hydrodynamic drag according to claim 1 wherein the mixture is first mixed with water to form a slurry before injecting the water into the turbulent water stream, and the slurry is injected into the water stream prior to appreciable dissolution of the hygroscopic powder.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
36 words
A process for reducing hydrodynamic drag according to claim 2 wherein about 0.1 to 20 parts by weight of the hydrophobic powder per 100 parts by weight of the hygroscopic powder are present in the mixture.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
28 words
A process for reducing hydrodynamic drag according to claim 3 wherein the hygroscopic drag reducing powder has a particle size in the range of 100 to 1,500 microns.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
51 words
A process for reducing hydrodynamic drag according to claim 1 wherein the hygroscopic drag reducing powder is at least one of poly(ethylene oxide), polyacryl amide, guar gum, karaya gum, xanthan, gum, methyl carboxy ethyl cellulose, carboxy methyl cellulose, hydroxy ethyl cellulose, carboxy vinyl polymers mixed with polyacryl amides and natural gums.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
17 words
A process for reducing hydrodynamic drag according to claim 1 wherein the hygroscopic powder is poly(ethylene oxide).
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
17 words
A process for reducing hydrodynamic drag according to claim 1 wherein the hygroscopic powder is polyacryl amide.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
26 words
A process for reducing hydrodynamic drag according to claim 1 wherein the hydrophobic powder has a particle size in the range of 0.001 to 100 microns.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
35 words
A process for reducing hydrodynamic drag according to claim 8 wherein said hydrophobic powder is a substance formed by the reaction of a generally nonporous particulate colloidal metal or metalloid oxide with an organo-silicon compound.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
124 words
A process for reducing hydrodynamic drag of a turbulent aqueous stream comprising the steps of metering into a flowing film of water to form a slurry, a mixture of a finely divided free-flowing hygroscopic drag reducing powder, which tends to agglomerate when dissolved in water, and a colloidal moisture repelling hydrophobic powder, the hydrophobic powder being of such size and being present in the mixture in amounts sufficient to effectively inhibit the caking of the hygroscopic powder under normal storage conditions, to promote free flow of the hygroscopic powder and to control the rate at which the hygroscopic powder dissolves in water so as to minimize agglomeration of the hygroscopic powder during dissolution, and injecting the slurry thus formed into a turbulent aqueous stream.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
124 words
A process for reducing hydrodynamic drag of a turbulent aqueous stream comprising the steps of metering into a flowing film of water to form a slurry, a mixture of a finely divided free-flowing hygroscopic drag reducing powder, which tends to agglomerate when dissolved in water, and a colloidal moisture repelling hydrophobic powder, the hydrophobic powder being of such size and being present in the mixture in amounts sufficient to effectively inhibit the caking of the hygroscopic powder under normal storage conditions, to promote free flow of the hygroscopic powder and to control the rate at which the hygroscopic powder dissolves in water so as to minimize agglomeration of the hygroscopic powder during dissolution, and injecting the slurry thus formed into a turbulent aqueous stream.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
102 words
A process for reducing hydrodynamic drag according to claim 10 wherein the hygroscopic drag reducing powder is poly(ethylene oxide) having a particle size in the range of 100 to 1,500 microns and having a molecular weight in the range of 2 to 12 million and the hydrophobic powder is a colloidal organo-silicon powder having a particle size in the range of 0.001 to 100 microns, the organo-silicon powder being a methylsilyl modified fumed silicon dioxide, and wherein 0.5 to 3.5 parts by weight of hydrophobic powder per 100 parts by weight of the poly(ethylene oxide) particles are present in the dry mixture.
References Cited (Backward Citations)
US3730275A
Cited
US3884252A
Cited
USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1980-04-11 | 1980-10-11 | 1981-04-12 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1984-04-11 | 1984-10-11 | 1985-04-12 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1988-04-11 | 1988-10-11 | 1989-04-12 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |