Patent US4383974A successfully refreshed from Google Patents.
US4016293A
Expired / Lapsed
US
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Method of carrying out enzyme catalyzed reactions
Assignee: Individual
•
Filing: 1974-02-11
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Granted: 1977-04-05
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Expires: 1994-02-11
Abstract
Abstract A liquid stream containing the reactants is passed through a bed of enzyme catalyst, made up of enzymes bonded to small, dense particles of carrier or support materials, in a manner which causes the bed to expand or fluidize and a chemical reaction is thereby carried out in a process that is simultaneously free from limitations due to plugging and excessive pressure drop and which also has the advantage of the high mass transfer rates that can be realized between the liquid and small particles. Reactions are carried out in this manner using enzymes bound to porous and non-porous inorganic supporting particles. This process has been employed for treating cheese whey with the enzyme lactase in a fluidized bed of inert particles to which the lactase is bound.
Inventors
- 👤 Robert W. Coughlin
- 👤 Marvin Charles
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-29 21:27
CPC Classifications
G; G01; G01N; G01N31/00; G01N31/10; C; C12; C12P; C12P1/00
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 15
Claim 1
Independent Claim
150 words
An improved method of effecting enzymatic reactions in a reactant material which is contained in a carrier fluid by passing the carrier fluid past enzyme material attached by adsorption to a supporting material comprising: a. passing the carrier fluid generally upwardly through a reaction zone containing finely divided particles of supporting material having a size range of about 0.01 millimeters to 5 millimeters and a density of from about 2.4 to 25 grams/cm 3 to which the enzyme material is attached by adsorption, the volume of the reaction zone being sufficient to contain all of the particulate supporting material in at least an expanded condition wherein the various particles are substantially not supported upon each other, b. maintaining an upward velocity of carrier fluid through said reaction zone sufficient to suspend and agitate the said particulate supporting material, but insufficient to carry said particulate supporting material from said reaction zone.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
150 words
An improved method of effecting enzymatic reactions in a reactant material which is contained in a carrier fluid by passing the carrier fluid past enzyme material attached by adsorption to a supporting material comprising: a. passing the carrier fluid generally upwardly through a reaction zone containing finely divided particles of supporting material having a size range of about 0.01 millimeters to 5 millimeters and a density of from about 2.4 to 25 grams/cm 3 to which the enzyme material is attached by adsorption, the volume of the reaction zone being sufficient to contain all of the particulate supporting material in at least an expanded condition wherein the various particles are substantially not supported upon each other, b. maintaining an upward velocity of carrier fluid through said reaction zone sufficient to suspend and agitate the said particulate supporting material, but insufficient to carry said particulate supporting material from said reaction zone.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
38 words
The method of claim 1 wherein the said particles of supporting material to which the enzyme material is attached by adsorption have also been treated with a bifunctional reagent in order to cross link the adsorbed enzyme material.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
12 words
The method of claim 2 in which the said enzyme is lactase.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
14 words
The method of claim 3 wherein the said particulate support material is essentially alumina.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
17 words
The method of claim 3 wherein said reactant material is lactose and said carrier fluid is whey.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
57 words
The method of claim 2 wherein said particulate supporting material is prepared by adding a hydrolyzable metal salt to an aqueous suspension of said particles thereby causing an insoluble oxide of said metal to be deposited on said particles, and contacting said particles with a solution of enzyme material in order to adsorb enzyme on said particles.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
11 words
The method of claim 6 wherein the said enzyme is amyloglucosidase.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
57 words
The method of claim 2 wherein said particulate supporting material is prepared by adding a hydrolyzable metal salt to an aqueous suspension of said particles thereby causing an insoluble oxide of said metal to be deposited on said particles, and contacting said particles with a solution of enzyme material in order to adsorb enzyme on said particles.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
11 words
The method of claim 8 wherein the said enzyme is amyloglucosidase.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
57 words
The method of claim 1 wherein said particulate supporting material is prepared by adding a hydrolyzable metal salt to an aqueous suspension of said particles thereby causing an insoluble oxide of said metal to be deposited on said particles, and contacting said particles with a solution of enzyme material in order to adsorb enzyme on said particles.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
11 words
The method of claim 10 wherein the said enzyme is amyloglucosidase.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
11 words
The method of claim 1 wherein the said enzyme is lactase.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
14 words
The method of claim 12 wherein the said particulate support material is essentially alumina.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
17 words
The method of claim 12 wherein said reactant material is lactose and said carrier fluid is whey.
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USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1980-04-04 | 1980-10-04 | 1981-04-05 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1984-04-04 | 1984-10-04 | 1985-04-05 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1988-04-04 | 1988-10-04 | 1989-04-05 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |