US4011856A
Expired / Lapsed
US
⏱️ 0.0 years remaining
Solar fluid heater
Assignee: Energy Systems Inc
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Filing: 1975-03-28
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Granted: 1977-03-15
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Expires: 1995-03-28
Abstract
Abstract A solar heater for heating a fluid passing through a plurality of side by side positioned solar panels. The solar panels are formed of heat conducting material with an upper solar energy exposed surface covered with a radiant heat absorbing material having high heat absorbing characteristics. A conduit formed of heat conducting material is held in place by an open circular channel of a diameter less than the conduit and positioned below the longitudinal center line of the solar panel. The solar panel portions on each side of the center line slopes downward away from the center. The respective ends of the conduits are connected to a separate common header. One header delivers ambient fluid to the conduits and the other removes heated fluid. An insulated housing for containing the solar panel comprises a bottom, side panels, panel supports supported by the bottom panel, insulating material positioned between the bottom panel and the lower surface of the solar panels and at least one transparent panel spaced above the solar panels and sealed to the atmosphere. The solar panels are secured in a fixed side by side physical contacting relationship. The circular channel firmly secures the conduit therein at ambient temperature. When the heater is exposed to solar energy, the heat expands the solar panels and conduit thereby providing an increased pressure between the adjacent panels as well as between the channel and the conduit. Aperatures are provided at selected positions along the solar panels near the longitudinal center. Fasteners partially passing through the panel aperatures and secured to the panel supports may be provided to increase the plysical pressures between the solar panels and the channel and conduit at ambient temperature.
Inventors
- 👤 Robert George Gallagher
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-24 15:10
CPC Classifications
F; F24; F24S; F24S70/00; F24S70/60; F24S10/00; F24S10/70; F24S10/75; F24S10/753; F24S80/00; F24S80/50; F24S2080/501; F24S2080/502; Y; Y02; Y02E; Y02E10/00; Y02E10/40; Y02E10/44
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 21
Claim 1
Independent Claim
255 words
A solar energy fluid heater comprising: an open housing having rigid bottom and side panels; a plurality of abutting solar panels for collecting solar energy positioned within said housing, said solar panels each having an upper surface positioned below the opening in said housing for collecting solar energy, an open circular channel formed in the center portion of said panel having an opening smaller than the diameter of said channel along the longitudinal center of the solar panel, said channel being below said opening and said upper surface and the portions of the upper surface adjacent each side of said opening having a linear downward slope; a conduit member positioned within said channel said conduit having a diameter greater than the relaxed diameter of said channel and a length sufficiently long to extend from each end of said solar panel; header members one connecting each adjacent end of said conduit and extending to the exterior of said housing; a plurality of support members having a spaced apart relationship positioned along said bottom panel of said housing for spacing said solar panels from said bottom panel; insulation means positioned between said solar panels and said bottom; at least one panel of translucent material spaced above said upper surface of said solar panel having a sealed relationship with said side panels and forming a closure for the opening of said housing; and pressure applying means for securing the edges of the adjacent panels in firm physical contact to ensure heat transfer between said adjacent panels by conduction.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
255 words
A solar energy fluid heater comprising: an open housing having rigid bottom and side panels; a plurality of abutting solar panels for collecting solar energy positioned within said housing, said solar panels each having an upper surface positioned below the opening in said housing for collecting solar energy, an open circular channel formed in the center portion of said panel having an opening smaller than the diameter of said channel along the longitudinal center of the solar panel, said channel being below said opening and said upper surface and the portions of the upper surface adjacent each side of said opening having a linear downward slope; a conduit member positioned within said channel said conduit having a diameter greater than the relaxed diameter of said channel and a length sufficiently long to extend from each end of said solar panel; header members one connecting each adjacent end of said conduit and extending to the exterior of said housing; a plurality of support members having a spaced apart relationship positioned along said bottom panel of said housing for spacing said solar panels from said bottom panel; insulation means positioned between said solar panels and said bottom; at least one panel of translucent material spaced above said upper surface of said solar panel having a sealed relationship with said side panels and forming a closure for the opening of said housing; and pressure applying means for securing the edges of the adjacent panels in firm physical contact to ensure heat transfer between said adjacent panels by conduction.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
19 words
The invention as defined in claim 1, wherein said solar panels are constructed of an efficient heat conducting material.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
12 words
The invention as defined in claim 2, wherein said material is aluminum.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
21 words
The invention as defined in claim 1, wherein said upper surface of said panels have a high absorbent, radiant energy coating.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
19 words
The invention as defined in claim 1, wherein the slope angle is within the range of 5° to 15°.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
14 words
The invention as defined in claim 5, wherein said slope angle is approximately 8-degrees.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
13 words
The invention as defined in claim 4, wherein said coating is electrostatically applied.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
13 words
The invention as defined in claim 4, wherein said coating is painted on.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
38 words
The invention as defined in claim 1, wherein additional pressure applying means for creating pressure between the panel and conduit to ensure heat transfer between the edges of adjacent panels and between the panel and conduit by conduction.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
14 words
The invention as defined in claim 1, wherein said conduit is formed of copper.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
172 words
A solar heat collector comprising: an elongated heat collecting panel portion having solar energy absorbent material on its upper exposed surface and a circular channel formed along the longitudinal center thereof, said channel having its largest area positioned below said upper surface and non-continuous along its upper center surface forming a continuous slot therealong, said upper exposed surface adjacent each side of said slot slopes downward therealong with the outer surface fixedly positioned; a fluid carrying conduit is positioned within said channel below said upper exposed surface and is substantially enclosed thereby said conduit having a length greater than said channel so as to extend beyond each end thereof and a diameter than the relaxed diameter of said channel for securing said conduit within said channel by mechanical force; and pressure applying means for securing the edges of said panel in firm physical position to maintain said mechanical force between said channel and conduit as the temperature of the panel increases to insure heat transfer between said panel and conduit by conduction.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
172 words
A solar heat collector comprising: an elongated heat collecting panel portion having solar energy absorbent material on its upper exposed surface and a circular channel formed along the longitudinal center thereof, said channel having its largest area positioned below said upper surface and non-continuous along its upper center surface forming a continuous slot therealong, said upper exposed surface adjacent each side of said slot slopes downward therealong with the outer surface fixedly positioned; a fluid carrying conduit is positioned within said channel below said upper exposed surface and is substantially enclosed thereby said conduit having a length greater than said channel so as to extend beyond each end thereof and a diameter than the relaxed diameter of said channel for securing said conduit within said channel by mechanical force; and pressure applying means for securing the edges of said panel in firm physical position to maintain said mechanical force between said channel and conduit as the temperature of the panel increases to insure heat transfer between said panel and conduit by conduction.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
14 words
The invention as defined in claim 11, wherein said panel is formed from aluminum.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
14 words
The invention as defined in claim 11, wherein said conduit is formed from copper.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
19 words
The invention as defined in claim 11, wherei the slope angle is within the range of 5° to 15°.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
14 words
The invention as defined in claim 14, wherein said slope angle is approximately 8°.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
19 words
The invention as defined in claim 11, wherein said panel is formed from aluminum and said conduit from copper.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
16 words
The invention of claim 11, wherein said solar energy absorbent material is plated on said panel.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
16 words
The invention of claim 11, wherein said solar energy absorbent material is painted on said panel.
Claim 21
Dependent Claim
15 words
The invention of claim 11, wherein said solar energy absorbent material is an anodized coating.
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USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1980-03-14 | 1980-09-13 | 1981-03-15 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1984-03-14 | 1984-09-13 | 1985-03-15 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1988-03-14 | 1988-09-13 | 1989-03-15 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |