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US4010289A Expired / Lapsed US ⏱️ 0.0 years remaining

Method of manufacturing synthetic resin film having high writability and printability

Assignee: Resonac Holdings Corp
•
Filing: 1974-11-14
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Granted: 1977-03-01
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Expires: 1994-11-14
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Abstract

Abstract A method of preparing synthetic resin film having high writability and printability which comprises the steps of (I) carrying out reaction by either of the following two processes: The process A of reacting together 1. alicyclic polybasic acid or anhydrides thereof, (2) polypoxides containing at least two epoxy groups and (3) a compound selected from the group consisting of (a) unsaturated monobasic acid, (b) glycidyl compounds containing a radical polymerizable unsaturated bond and (c) unsaturated polybasic acid. The process B of reacting together 1. at least one compound selected from the group consisting of (a) polyepoxides containing at least two epoxy groups and (b) alicyclic polybasic acid or anhydrides thereof and (2) compounds containing vinyl and hydroxyl groups in the molecule; (II) mixing the unsaturated polyester compounds obtained in above process with fillers; (III) coating the mixture on the surface of synthetic resin film; and (IV) subjecting said coating to photopolymerization by irradiating ultraviolet rays.

Inventors

  • 👤 Yukio Kobayashi
  • 👤 Seiitiro Sakimoto
  • 👤 Nobuyoshi Tanaka

Bibliographic Details

Application Number —
Jurisdiction US
Data Source google_patents
Last Synchronized 2026-10-24 15:07
CPC Classifications
B; B41; B41M; B41M5/00; B41M5/50; B41M5/52; B41M5/502; B41M5/508; B41M5/5209; B41M5/5218; B41M5/5254; B41M5/5263; B41M5/5272; Y; Y10; Y10S; Y10S522/00; Y10S522/913

Claims Analysis

Total Claims: 70
Claim 1
Independent Claim 24 words
A method of preparing synthetic resin film of high writability and printability which comprises the steps of: reacting together to produce unsaturated polyester compound:
Claim 2
Independent Claim 24 words
A method of preparing synthetic resin film of high writability and printability which comprises the steps of: reacting together to produce unsaturated polyester compound:
Claim 3
Dependent Claim 109 words
alicyclic polybasic acids or anhydrides thereof, 2. polyepoxides containing at least two epoxy groups and 3. at least one compound selected from the group consisting of a. unsaturated monobasic acids, b. glycidyl compounds containing radical polymerisable unsaturated bonds, and c. unsaturated polybasic acids, the proportions of said reactants based on 1 mol of reactant (1) being 0.1 to 3.0 mols of reactant (2) and 0.1 to 2.0 mols of reactant (3); mixing the resulting unsaturated polyester compound with fillers; coating the resulting filler containing mixture on the surface of a base synthetic resin film; and irradiating ultraviolet rays on the surface of the coated mixture to produce photopolymerization thereof.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim 109 words
alicyclic polybasic acids or anhydrides thereof, 2. polyepoxides containing at least two epoxy groups and 3. at least one compound selected from the group consisting of a. unsaturated monobasic acids, b. glycidyl compounds containing radical polymerisable unsaturated bonds, and c. unsaturated polybasic acids, the proportions of said reactants based on 1 mol of reactant (1) being 0.1 to 3.0 mols of reactant (2) and 0.1 to 2.0 mols of reactant (3); mixing the resulting unsaturated polyester compound with fillers; coating the resulting filler containing mixture on the surface of a base synthetic resin film; and irradiating ultraviolet rays on the surface of the coated mixture to produce photopolymerization thereof.
Claim 5
Independent Claim 159 words
A method of preparing a synthetic resin film of high writability and printability which comprises the steps of: reacting together to produce an organic compound containing unsaturated group 1. a compound selected from the group consisting of a. polyepoxides containing at least two epoxy groups and b. alicyclic polybasic acids or anhydrides thereof, and 2. compounds containing both vinyl and hydroxyl groups in the molecule, the proportions of said reactant (b) when used in the reaction being between 0.5 to 1.8 mols for each mol equivalent of hydroxyl group in reactant (2) and the proportion of said reactant (2) being between 0.5 to 2.0 gram equivalent per epoxy group per molecule of any reactant (a) used in the reaction; mixing the resulting unsaturated group containing organic compound with fillers; coating the resulting filler containing mixture on the surface of a base synthetic resin film; and irradiating ultraviolet rays on the surface of the coated mixture to produce photopolymerization thereof.
Claim 6
Independent Claim 159 words
A method of preparing a synthetic resin film of high writability and printability which comprises the steps of: reacting together to produce an organic compound containing unsaturated group 1. a compound selected from the group consisting of a. polyepoxides containing at least two epoxy groups and b. alicyclic polybasic acids or anhydrides thereof, and 2. compounds containing both vinyl and hydroxyl groups in the molecule, the proportions of said reactant (b) when used in the reaction being between 0.5 to 1.8 mols for each mol equivalent of hydroxyl group in reactant (2) and the proportion of said reactant (2) being between 0.5 to 2.0 gram equivalent per epoxy group per molecule of any reactant (a) used in the reaction; mixing the resulting unsaturated group containing organic compound with fillers; coating the resulting filler containing mixture on the surface of a base synthetic resin film; and irradiating ultraviolet rays on the surface of the coated mixture to produce photopolymerization thereof.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim 22 words
A method according to claim 1, wherein the unsaturated polyester compounds are prepared by further adding (4) another reactant of polyhydric alcohols.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim 50 words
A method according to claim 1, wherein the photopolymerization is effected by irradiating ultraviolet rays on the surface of a coated mixture obtained by further adding 300 parts by weight at most of other monomers copolymerizable with the unsaturated polyester compounds based on 100 parts by weight of said compounds.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim 47 words
A method according to claim 1, wherein the photopolymerization is carried out by irradiating ultraviolet rays on the surface of a coated mixture obtained by further adding 500 parts by weight at most of organic solvents based on 100 parts by weight of the unsaturated polyester compounds.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim 50 words
A method according to claim 2, wherein the photopolymerization is effected by irradiating ultraviolet rays on the surface of a coated mixture obtained by further adding 300 parts by weight at most of other monomers copolymerizable with the unsaturated polyester compounds based on 100 parts by weight of said compounds.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim 47 words
A method according to claim 2, wherein the photopolymerization is carried out by irradiating ultraviolet rays on the surface of a coated mixture obtained by further adding 500 parts by weight at most of organic solvents based on 100 parts by weight of the unsaturated polyester compounds.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim 50 words
A method according to claim 3, wherein the photopolymerization is effected by irradiating ultraviolet rays on the surface of a coated mixture obtained by further adding 300 parts by weight at most of other monomers copolymerizable with the unsaturated polyester compounds based on 100 parts by weight of said compounds.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim 47 words
A method according to claim 3, wherein the photopolymerization is carried out by irradiating ultraviolet rays on the surface of a coated mixture obtained by further adding 500 parts by weight at most of organic solvents based on 100 parts by weight of the unsaturated polyester compounds.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim 30 words
A method according to claim 1, wherein the photopolymerization is carried out by irradiating ultraviolet rays on the surface of a coated mixture obtained by further adding a photopolymerization initiator.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim 30 words
A method according to claim 2, wherein the photopolymerization is carried out by irradiating ultraviolet rays on the surface of a coated mixture obtained by further adding a photopolymerization initiator.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim 30 words
A method according to claim 3, wherein the photopolymerization is carried out by irradiating ultraviolet rays on the surface of a coated mixture obtained by further adding a photopolymerization initiator.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim 30 words
A method according to claim 4, wherein the photopolymerization is carried out by irradiating ultraviolet rays on the surface of a coated mixture obtained by further adding a photopolymerization initiator.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim 30 words
A method according to claim 5, wherein the photopolymerization is carried out by irradiating ultraviolet rays on the surface of a coated mixture obtained by further adding a photopolymerization initiator.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim 30 words
A method according to claim 6, wherein the photopolymerization is carried out by irradiating ultraviolet rays on the surface of a coated mixture obtained by further adding a photopolymerization initiator.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim 30 words
A method according to claim 7, wherein the photopolymerization is carried out by irradiating ultraviolet rays on the surface of a coated mixture obtained by further adding a photopolymerization initiator.
Claim 21
Dependent Claim 36 words
The method of claim 1 wherein the proportion of reactants in the reaction based on 1 mol of reactant (1) is 0.2 to 2.0 mols of reactant (2) and 0.2 to 1.8 mols of reactant (3).
Claim 22
Dependent Claim 58 words
The method of claim 2 wherein the proportion of reactant (b) when used in the reaction is between 0.75 to 1.5 mols for each mol equivalent of hydroxyl groups in reactant (2) and the proportion of reactant (2) is between 0.7 to 1.5 gram equivalent per epoxy group per molecule of any reactant (a) used in the reaction.
Claim 23
Dependent Claim 112 words
A method according to claim 1, wherein the alicyclic polybasic acids or anhydrides thereof are selected from the group consisting of the compounds whose chemical structures are expressed by either of the following general formulas: ##STR27##where Z denotes the groups whose chemical structures are expressed by any of the following general formulas: ##STR28## where: R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , R 4 , R 5 , R 6 , R 7 , R 8 , R 9 , R 10 = the same or different types representing hydrogen atom, halogen atoms, alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms or alkoxy group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms ##STR29##
Claim 24
Dependent Claim 110 words
A method according to claim 2, wherein the alicyclic polybasic acids or anhydrides thereof are selected from the group consisting of the compounds whose chemical structures expressed by either of the following general formulas: where Z denotes the groups whose chemical structures are expressed by any of the following general formulas: ##STR30##where: R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , R 4 , R 5 , R 6 , R 7 , R 8 , R 9 , R 10 = the same or different types representing hydrogen atom, halogen atoms, alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms or alkoxy group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms ##STR31##
Claim 25
Dependent Claim 112 words
A method according to claim 3, wherein the alicyclic polybasic acids or anhydrides thereof are selected from the group consisting of the compounds whose chemical structures are expressed by either of the following general formulas: where Z denotes the groups whose chemical structures are expressed by any of the following general formulas: ##STR32## where: R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , R 4 , R 5 , R 6 , R 7 , R 8 , R 9 , R 10 = the same or different types representing hydrogen atom, halogen atoms, alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms or alkoxy group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms ##STR33##
Claim 26
Dependent Claim 49 words
A method according to claim 1 wherein the polyepoxides are compounds selected from the group consisting of substituted and nonsubstituted glycidyl ether compounds whose molecule contains two glycidyl ether groups on the average, and substituted and nonsubstituted glycidyl ester compounds whose molecule contains two glycidyl ester groups on the
Claim 27
Dependent Claim 49 words
A method according to claim 2, wherein the polyepoxides are compounds selected from the group consisting of substituted and nonsubstituted glycidyl ether compounds whose molecule contains two glycidyl ether groups on the average, and substituted and nonsubstituted glycidyl ester compounds whose molecule contains two glycidyl ester groups on the
Claim 28
Dependent Claim 49 words
A method according to claim 3, wherein the polyepoxides are compounds selected from the group consisting of substituted and nonsubstituted glycidyl ether compounds whose molecule contains two glycidyl ether groups on the average, and substituted and nonsubstituted glycidyl ester compounds whose molecule contains two glycidyl ester groups on the
Claim 29
Dependent Claim 69 words
A method according to claim 1, wherein the unsaturated monobasic acids are selected from the group consisting of the compounds whose chemical structures are expressed by the following general formula: where: R 1 = hydrogen atom or methyl group R 2 = hydrogen atom, alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms aryl group having 6 to 10 carbon atoms or aralkyl group having 7 to 10 carbon atoms
Claim 30
Dependent Claim 69 words
A method according to claim 3, wherein the unsaturated monobasic acids are selected from the group consisting of the compounds whose chemical structures are expressed by the following general formula: ##STR34##where: R 1 = hydrogen atom or methyl group R 2 = hydrogen atom, alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms aryl group having 6 to 10 carbon atoms or aralkyl group having 7 to 10 carbon atoms
Claim 31
Dependent Claim 185 words
A method according to claim 1, wherein the glycidyl compounds are selected from the group consisting of the compounds whose chemical structures are expressed by the following general formula: ##STR35##where: R 1 , R 2 , R 4 = hydrogen atom, or methyl group R 3 = alkylene group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms or aralkylene group having 6 to 10 carbon atoms, the compounds whose chemical structures are expressed by the following general formula: ##STR36## where: R 1 , R 2 , R 5 = hydrogen atom or methyl group R 3 , r 4 = alkylene group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms or aralkylene group having 6 to 10 carbon atoms and the compounds whose chemical structures are expressed by the following general formula: ##STR37##where: R 1 = alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, aryl group having 6 to 10 carbon atoms or aralkyl group having 7 to 10 carbon atoms R 2 = alkylene group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms or aralkylene group having 6 to 10 carbon atoms R 3 = hydrogen atom or methyl group
Claim 32
Dependent Claim 184 words
A method according to claim 3, wherein the glycidyl compounds are selected from the group consisting of the compounds whose chemical structures are expressed by the following general formula: ##STR38## where: R 1 , R 2 , R 4 = hydrogen atom, or methyl group R 3 = alkylene having 1 to 10 carbon atoms or aralkylene group having 6 to 10 carbon atoms, the compounds whose chemical structures are expressed by the following general formula: ##STR39##where: R 1 , R 2 , R 5 = hydrogen atom or methyl group R 3 , r 4 = alkylene group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms or aralkylene group having 6 to 10 carbon atoms and the compounds whose chemical structures are expressed by the following general formula: ##STR40##where: R 1 = alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, aryl group having 6 to 10 carbon atoms or aralkyl group having 7 to 10 carbon atoms R 2 = alkylene group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms or aralkylene group having 6 to 10 carbon atoms R 3 = hydrogen atom or methyl group
Claim 33
Dependent Claim 129 words
A method according to claim 1, wherein the unsaturated polybasic acids are selected from the group consisting of the compounds whose chemical structures are expressed by the following general formula: ##STR41##where: R 1 = hydrogen atom, halogen atoms, alkyl group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, aryl group having 6 to 10 carbon atoms or aralkyl group having 7 to 10 carbon atoms R 2 = alkylene group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms or aralkylene group having 6 to 10 carbon atoms and the compounds whose chemical structures are expressed by the following general formula: ##STR42##where: R 1 = hydrogen atom, halogen atoms, alkyl group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, aryl group having 6 to 10 carbon atoms or aralkyl group having 7 to 10 carbon atoms.
Claim 34
Dependent Claim 129 words
A method according to claim 3, wherein the unsaturated polybasic acids are selected from the group consisting of the compounds whose chemical structures are expressed by the following general formula: ##STR43##where: R 1 = hydrogen atom, halogen atom, alkyl group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, aryl group having 6 to 10 carbon atoms or aryl group having 7 to 10 carbon atoms R 2 = alkylene group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms or aralkylene group having 6 to 10 carbon atoms and the compounds whose chemical structures are expressed by the following general formula: ##STR44##where: R 1 = hydrogen atom, halogen atoms, alkyl group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, aryl group having 6 to 10 carbon atoms or aralkyl group having 7 to 10 carbon atoms.
Claim 35
Dependent Claim 63 words
A method according to claim 3, wherein the polyhydric alcohols are selected from the group consisting of the compounds containing the ether bonds whose chemical structures are expressed by the following general formula: HO (R - O).sub.n H where: R = alkylene group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms n = 2 or larger integers and the compounds free from said ether bonds.
Claim 36
Dependent Claim 149 words
A method according to claim 2, wherein the compounds containing vinyl and hydroxyl groups in the molecule are selected from the group consisting of the compounds whose chemical structures are expressed by the following general formula: ##STR45##where: R = hydrogen atom, alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, or phenyl group X = alkylene group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, aralkylene group having 6 to 10 carbon atoms, residual group of polyhydric alcohols having 1 to 8 carbon atoms or polyalkylene oxide group having a smanner molecular weight than 2000 and the compounds whose chemical structures are expressed by the following general formula: ##STR46##where: R = hydrogen atom, alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms or phenyl group Y = hydrogen atom, halogen atoms, aliphatic or aromatic hydrocarbon group or the hydrocarbon group, part of which is substituted by halogen atoms, nitrogen atom or sulfur atom.
Claim 37
Dependent Claim 20 words
A method according to claim 4, wherein the other monomers are those of a higher boiling point than 30° C.
Claim 38
Dependent Claim 20 words
A method according to claim 6, wherein the other monomers are those of a higher boiling point than 30° C.
Claim 39
Dependent Claim 20 words
A method according to claim 8, wherein the other monomers are those of a higher boiling point than 30° C.
Claim 40
Dependent Claim 28 words
A method according to claim 5, wherein the organic solvents are selected from the group consisting of aromatic hydrocarbons, nonaromatic hydrocarbons, halogenated hydrocarbons, ketones, alcohols, ethers and esters.
Claim 41
Dependent Claim 28 words
A method according to claim 7, wherein the organic solvents are selected from the group consisting of aromatic hydrocarbons, nonaromatic hydrocarbons, halogenated hydrocarbons, ketones, alcohols, ethers and esters.
Claim 42
Dependent Claim 28 words
A method according to claim 9, wherein the organic solvents are selected from the group consisting of aromatic hydrocarbons, nonaromatic hydrocarbons, halogenated hydrocarbons, ketones, alcohols, ethers and esters.
Claim 43
Dependent Claim 29 words
A method according to claim 1, wherein the fillers are of the type little soluble in water and selected from the group consisting of inorganic fillers and organic fillers.
Claim 44
Dependent Claim 29 words
A method according to claim 2, wherein the fillers are of the type little soluble in water and selected from the group consisting of inorganic fillers and organic fillers.
Claim 45
Dependent Claim 29 words
A method according to claim 3, wherein the fillers are of the type little soluble in water and selected from the group consisting of inorganic fillers and organic fillers.
Claim 46
Dependent Claim 32 words
A method according to claim 1, wherein the fillers are blended at a rate of 5 to 500 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of the unsaturated polyester compounds.
Claim 47
Dependent Claim 32 words
A method according to claim 2, wherein the fillers are blended at the rate of 5 to 500 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of the unsaturated polyester compounds.
Claim 48
Dependent Claim 32 words
A method according to claim 3, wherein the fillers are blended at the rate of 5 to 500 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of the unsaturated polyester compounds.
Claim 49
Dependent Claim 32 words
A method according to claim 5, wherein the fillers are blended at the rate of 5 to 500 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of the unsaturated polyester compounds.
Claim 50
Dependent Claim 32 words
A method according to claim 7, wherein the fillers are blended at the rate of 5 to 500 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of the unsaturated polyester compounds.
Claim 51
Dependent Claim 32 words
A method according to claim 9, wherein the fillers are blended at the rate of 5 to 500 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of the unsaturated polyester compounds.
Claim 52
Dependent Claim 38 words
A method according to claim 4, wherein the fillers are blended at the rate of 5 to 500 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of the mixture of the unsaturated polyester compounds and other monomers.
Claim 53
Dependent Claim 38 words
A method according to claim 6, wherein the fillers are blended at the rate of 5 to 500 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of the mixture of the unsaturated polyester compounds and other monomers.
Claim 54
Dependent Claim 38 words
A method according to claim 8, wherein the fillers are blended at the rate of 5 to 500 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of the mixture of the unsaturated polyester compounds and other monomers.
Claim 55
Dependent Claim 32 words
A method according to claim 10, wherein the photopolymerization initiator is selected from the group consisting of carbonyl compounds, peroxides, sulfur-containing compounds, halogen-containing compounds, inorganic compounds, polynuclear quinone compounds and azo compounds.
Claim 56
Dependent Claim 32 words
A method according to claim 11, wherein the photopolymerization initiator is selected from the group consisting of carbonyl compounds, peroxides, sulfur-containing compounds, halogen-containing compounds, inorganic compounds, polynuclear quinone compounds and azo compounds.
Claim 57
Dependent Claim 32 words
A method according to claim 12, wherein the photopolymerization initiator is selected from the group consisting of carbonyl compounds, peroxides, sulfur-containing compounds, halogen-containing compounds, inorganic compounds, polynuclear quinone compounds and azo compounds.
Claim 58
Dependent Claim 33 words
A method according to claim 10, wherein the photopolymerization initiator is blended at the rate of 10 parts by weight at most based on 100 parts by weight of the unsaturated polyester compounds.
Claim 59
Dependent Claim 33 words
A method according to claim 11, wherein the photopolymerization initiator is blended at the rate of 10 parts by weight at most based on 100 parts by weight of the unsaturated polyester compounds.
Claim 60
Dependent Claim 33 words
A method according to claim 12, wherein the photopolymerization initiator is blended at the rate of 10 parts by weight at most based on 100 parts by weight of the unsaturated polyester compounds.
Claim 61
Dependent Claim 33 words
A method according to claim 14, wherein the photopolymerization initiator is blended at the rate of 10 parts by weight at most based on 100 parts by weight of the unsaturated polyester compounds.
Claim 62
Dependent Claim 33 words
A method according to claim 16, wherein the photopolymerization initiator is blended at the rate of 10 parts by weight at most based on 100 parts by weight of the unsaturated polyester compounds.
Claim 63
Dependent Claim 39 words
A method according to claim 13, wherein the photopolymerization initiator is blended at the rate of 10 parts by weight at most based on 100 parts by weight of the mixture of the unsaturated polyester compounds and other monomers.
Claim 64
Dependent Claim 39 words
A method according to claim 15, wherein the photopolymerization initiator is blended at the rate of 10 parts by weight at most based on 100 parts by weight of the mixture of the unsaturated polyester compounds and other monomers.
Claim 65
Dependent Claim 43 words
A method according to claim 1, wherein the base synthetic resin film is selected from the group consisting of a film formed of polypropylene, polyethylene, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, saponified products of said copolymers, polyester, polystyrene, polyamide, polyvinyl chloride and polycarbonate and a cellophane.
Claim 66
Dependent Claim 43 words
A method according to claim 2, wherein the base synthetic resin film is selected from the group consisting of a film formed of polypropylene, polyethylene, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, saponified products of said copolymers, polyester, polystyrene, polyamide, polyvinyl chloride and polycarbonate and a cellophane.
Claim 67
Dependent Claim 43 words
A method according to claim 3, wherein the base synthetic resin film is selected from the group consisting of a film formed of polypropylene, polyethylene, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, saponified products of said copolymers, polyester, polystyrene, polyamide, polyvinyl chloride and polycarbonate and a cellophane.
Claim 68
Dependent Claim 40 words
A method according to claim 1, wherein ultraviolet rays having a dominant wave length of about 3600 A are irradiated 2 to 60 seconds on the surface of the mixture coated on the surface of a base synthetic resin film.
Claim 69
Dependent Claim 40 words
A method according to claim 2, wherein ultraviolet rays having a dominant wave length of about 3600 A are irradiated 2 to 60 seconds on the surface of the mixture coated on the surface of a base synthetic resin film.
Claim 70
Dependent Claim 40 words
A method according to claim 3, wherein ultraviolet rays having a dominant wave length of about 3600 A are irradiated 2 to 60 seconds on the surface of the mixture coated on the surface of a base synthetic resin film.

References Cited (Backward Citations)

US3552986A Cited
US3607536A Cited
US3759807A Cited
US3840448A Cited
US3827960A Cited

USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows

Annuity Stage Window Opens Payment Deadline Surcharge Period Until Estimated Fee Status
3.5 Years (Year 4) 1980-02-29 1980-08-30 1981-03-01 $2000.00 Window Closed / Lapsed
7.5 Years (Year 8) 1984-02-29 1984-08-30 1985-03-01 $3760.00 Window Closed / Lapsed
11.5 Years (Year 12) 1988-02-29 1988-08-30 1989-03-01 $7700.00 Window Closed / Lapsed

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