US4007306A
Expired / Lapsed
US
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Method of applying aqueous coating compositions
Assignee: BASF Corp
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Filing: 1974-11-26
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Granted: 1977-02-08
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Expires: 1994-11-26
Abstract
Abstract Aqueous coating compositions containing dissolved reactive acrylic copolymers and aminoplast resins are disclosed. The pigmented coatings are especially useful for topcoat enamels for automobiles. A method for applying coatings to automobiles is also disclosed comprising spraying the coating composition in a relative humidity of 40 to 60% followed by heating the wet coated surface to remove the volatile components and then heating to cure the coating.
Inventors
- 👤 George Lim Poy
- 👤 Edward A. Sproul
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-26 22:37
CPC Classifications
B; B05; B05D; B05D7/00; B05D7/14; B05D7/16
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 20
Claim 1
Independent Claim
279 words
A method of applying coatings to automobiles comprising: a. spraying the automobile in a relative humidity throughout the coating process of 40 to 60% with an aqueous thermosetting coating composition having a threshold cross-linking temperature above 300° F. and comprised of: A. 0 to 20% pigment, B. 3 to 16% water compatible aminoplast cross-linking agent, C. 4 to 25% volatile water miscible organic solvent which forms an azeotrope with water which boils at 70°- 99° C., D. 10 to 32% of a water soluble acrylic copolymer having a Tg of 20° C. to 80° C., a molecular weight of 2,000 to 100,000, said copolymer being the copolymerization product of (a) 60 to 86.5% by weight of at least one monomer of the group consisting of 1-4 carbon alkyl acrylates, 1-4carbon alkyl methacrylates, styrene, vinyl toluene, and diacetone acrylamide; (b) 5.0 to 34% by weight of a reactive monomer of the group consisting of hydroxyethyl, hydroxypropyl and glycidyl esters of acrylic and methacrylic acids; (c) 0.5 to 6% by weight of an α, B-ethylenically unsaturated nitrile, and (d) 5 to 18% by weight of an α, B-unsaturated carboxylic acid of the group consisting of acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, maleic anhydride and fumaric acid, E. an acrylic copolymer solubilizing reagent of the group consisting of ammonia and volatile amines, in an amount sufficient to solubilize the acrylic copolymer at a pH of 7 to 12 and F. water, b. heating the wet coated surface at a temperature below the threshold cross-linking temperature of the coating to remove substantially all of the volatile components before appreciable cross-linking begins and c. then heating the coating above 300° F. until the coating is cured.
Claim 2
Independent Claim
279 words
A method of applying coatings to automobiles comprising: a. spraying the automobile in a relative humidity throughout the coating process of 40 to 60% with an aqueous thermosetting coating composition having a threshold cross-linking temperature above 300° F. and comprised of: A. 0 to 20% pigment, B. 3 to 16% water compatible aminoplast cross-linking agent, C. 4 to 25% volatile water miscible organic solvent which forms an azeotrope with water which boils at 70°- 99° C., D. 10 to 32% of a water soluble acrylic copolymer having a Tg of 20° C. to 80° C., a molecular weight of 2,000 to 100,000, said copolymer being the copolymerization product of (a) 60 to 86.5% by weight of at least one monomer of the group consisting of 1-4 carbon alkyl acrylates, 1-4carbon alkyl methacrylates, styrene, vinyl toluene, and diacetone acrylamide; (b) 5.0 to 34% by weight of a reactive monomer of the group consisting of hydroxyethyl, hydroxypropyl and glycidyl esters of acrylic and methacrylic acids; (c) 0.5 to 6% by weight of an α, B-ethylenically unsaturated nitrile, and (d) 5 to 18% by weight of an α, B-unsaturated carboxylic acid of the group consisting of acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, maleic anhydride and fumaric acid, E. an acrylic copolymer solubilizing reagent of the group consisting of ammonia and volatile amines, in an amount sufficient to solubilize the acrylic copolymer at a pH of 7 to 12 and F. water, b. heating the wet coated surface at a temperature below the threshold cross-linking temperature of the coating to remove substantially all of the volatile components before appreciable cross-linking begins and c. then heating the coating above 300° F. until the coating is cured.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
31 words
A method as in claim 1 wherein the aqueous coating is applied by multiple passes of the spray gun to build up a cured film thickness of 1.4 to 1.7 mils.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
39 words
A method as in claim 2 wherein heating step (b) consists of heat at about 190° F. for about 10 minutes and heating step (c) consists of heating at a temperature of about 20 minutes at about 325° F.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
35 words
A method as in claim 1 wherein the compatible aminoplast is a melamine formaldehyde resin, the acrylic copolymer solubilizing agent is a volatible base, and the acrylic copolymer contains less than 15% of methyl methacrylate.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
14 words
A method as in claim 4 wherein the α, B-ethylenically unsaturated nitrile is acrylonitrile.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
45 words
A method as in claim 4 wherein at least 50% of the water miscible solvent in the coating composition is comprised of solvents which form azeotropes with water which boil at a temperature of 70° C. or above but below the boiling point of water.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
14 words
A method as in claim 6 wherein the α, B-ethylenically unsaturated nitrile is acrylonitrile.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
23 words
A method as in claim 7 wherein the major portion of the solvent boiling below the boiling point of water is n-propyl alcohol.
Claim 10
Independent Claim
101 words
A method of applying coating to automobiles comprising: a. spraying the automobile in a relative humidity throughout the coating process of 40 to 60% with an aqueous thermosetting coating composition having a threshold cross-linking temperature above 300° F. and consisting of non-volatile components and volatile components, the non-volatile components comprising A. 0 to 50% pigment B. 50 to 100% non-volatile vehicle comprising: 1. 15 to 45% water compatible aminoplast cross-linking agent and 2. 55 to 85% of a water soluble acrylic copolymer having a Tg of 20° to 80° C., a molecular weight of 2,000 to 100,000, said copolymer being the
Claim 11
Independent Claim
101 words
A method of applying coating to automobiles comprising: a. spraying the automobile in a relative humidity throughout the coating process of 40 to 60% with an aqueous thermosetting coating composition having a threshold cross-linking temperature above 300° F. and consisting of non-volatile components and volatile components, the non-volatile components comprising A. 0 to 50% pigment B. 50 to 100% non-volatile vehicle comprising: 1. 15 to 45% water compatible aminoplast cross-linking agent and 2. 55 to 85% of a water soluble acrylic copolymer having a Tg of 20° to 80° C., a molecular weight of 2,000 to 100,000, said copolymer being the
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
202 words
copolymerization product of (a) 60 to 85.6%, by weight, of at least one monomer of the group consisting of 1-4 carbon aklyl acrylates, 1-4 carbon alkyl methacrylates, styrene, vinyl toluene and diacetone acrylamide, (b) 5 to 34% of a reactive monomer of the group consisting of hydroxyethyl, hydroxypropyl and glycidyl esters of acrylic and methacrylic acids, (c) 0.5 to 6.0%, by weight, of an α, B-ethylenically unsaturated nitrile, and (d) 5 to 18.5%, by weight of an α, B-unsaturated carboxylic acid of the group consisting of acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, maleic anhydride and fumaric acid, and the volatile components of said composition comprising C. 4 to 25% water miscible organic solvent which forms an azeotrope with water which boils at 70° to 99° C., D. an acrylic copolymer solubilizing reagent of the group consisting of ammonia, and volatile amines, in an amount sufficient to solubilize the acrylic copolymer at a pH of 7 to 12 and E. water b. heating the wet coated surface at a temperature below the threshold cross-linking temperature of the coating to remove substantially all of b. the volatile components before appreciable cross-linking begins and c. then heating the coating above 300° F. until the coating is cured.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
202 words
copolymerization product of (a) 60 to 85.6%, by weight, of at least one monomer of the group consisting of 1-4 carbon aklyl acrylates, 1-4 carbon alkyl methacrylates, styrene, vinyl toluene and diacetone acrylamide, (b) 5 to 34% of a reactive monomer of the group consisting of hydroxyethyl, hydroxypropyl and glycidyl esters of acrylic and methacrylic acids, (c) 0.5 to 6.0%, by weight, of an α, B-ethylenically unsaturated nitrile, and (d) 5 to 18.5%, by weight of an α, B-unsaturated carboxylic acid of the group consisting of acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, maleic anhydride and fumaric acid, and the volatile components of said composition comprising C. 4 to 25% water miscible organic solvent which forms an azeotrope with water which boils at 70° to 99° C., D. an acrylic copolymer solubilizing reagent of the group consisting of ammonia, and volatile amines, in an amount sufficient to solubilize the acrylic copolymer at a pH of 7 to 12 and E. water b. heating the wet coated surface at a temperature below the threshold cross-linking temperature of the coating to remove substantially all of b. the volatile components before appreciable cross-linking begins and c. then heating the coating above 300° F. until the coating is cured.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
32 words
A method as in claim 9 wherein the aqueous coating composition is applied by multiple passes of the spray gun to build up a cured film thickness of 1.4 to 1.7 mils.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
39 words
A method as in claim 10 wherein heating steps (b) consists of heating at about 190° F. for about 10 minutes and heating step (c) consists of heating at a temperature of about 325° F. for about 20 minutes.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
25 words
A method as in claim 9 wherein the aminoplast is a melamine formaldehyde resin and the acrylic copolymer contains less than 15% of methyl methacrylate.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
14 words
A method as in claim 12 wherein the α, B-ethylenically unsaturated nitrile is acrylonitrile.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
45 words
A method as in claim 12 wherein at least 50% of the water miscible solvent in the coating composition is comprised of solvents which form azeotropes with water which boil at a temperature of 70° C. or above but below the boiling point of water.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
14 words
A method as in claim 14 wherein the α, B-ethylenically unsaturated nitrile is acrylonitrile.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
22 words
A method as in claim 15 wherein the major portion of the solvent boiling below the point of water is n-propyl alcohol.
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USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1980-02-08 | 1980-08-09 | 1981-02-08 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1984-02-08 | 1984-08-09 | 1985-02-08 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1988-02-08 | 1988-08-09 | 1989-02-08 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |