US4002706A
Expired / Lapsed
US
⏱️ 0.0 years remaining
Wax and wax blends
Assignee: SASOL BEDRYF (EIENDOMS) BEPERK
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Filing: 1975-02-20
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Granted: 1977-01-11
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Expires: 1995-02-20
Abstract
Abstract Wax powders of improved hardness and/or free-flowing properties are produced from blends containing a high content (e.g. 20 - 80%) of soft wax and a harder or higher melting wax component. The molten blend is sprayed and chilled in the form of droplets predominantly between 0.2 and 1 mm in diameter, to solidify rapidly while in suspension. The harder, higher melting components selectively solidify in the outermost region of the particles.
Inventors
- 👤 Dirk Jacobus Pretorius
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-29 00:34
CPC Classifications
C; C08; C08J; C08J3/00; C08J3/12; C08J3/122; C08L; C08L27/00; C08L27/02; C08L27/04; C08L27/06; C08L91/00; C08L91/06; C08J2391/00; C08J2391/06
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 33
Claim 1
Independent Claim
196 words
Process for producing a particulate wax composition improved in respect of at least one of the properties: free flowing ability and particle hardness, as compared with conventional blends of the same over-all composition, which comprises: a. preparing a melt essentially composed of a substantial content of low melting point, soft wax having a congealing point between about 20° C. and 80° C. and a penetration greater than 80 measured at 25° C., 10 - 1 mm, and another wax superior thereto in respect of at least one of the properties: melting point and hardness; b. converting the melt into droplets, having a size corresponding to the particle size of the particulate wax composition being produced; c. suspending the droplets in a cooling medium; d. whilst thus suspended, over a period of between about 7 and 20 seconds, causing said droplets to solidify progressively from the outside inwardly by the chilling action of the cooling medium; and e. collecting as said particulate wax composition a free flowing powdered product consisting of the said droplets in externally solidified form, the wax superoir in respect of melting point and/or hardness being concentrated in the outer region of the droplets.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
196 words
Process for producing a particulate wax composition improved in respect of at least one of the properties: free flowing ability and particle hardness, as compared with conventional blends of the same over-all composition, which comprises: a. preparing a melt essentially composed of a substantial content of low melting point, soft wax having a congealing point between about 20° C. and 80° C. and a penetration greater than 80 measured at 25° C., 10 - 1 mm, and another wax superior thereto in respect of at least one of the properties: melting point and hardness; b. converting the melt into droplets, having a size corresponding to the particle size of the particulate wax composition being produced; c. suspending the droplets in a cooling medium; d. whilst thus suspended, over a period of between about 7 and 20 seconds, causing said droplets to solidify progressively from the outside inwardly by the chilling action of the cooling medium; and e. collecting as said particulate wax composition a free flowing powdered product consisting of the said droplets in externally solidified form, the wax superoir in respect of melting point and/or hardness being concentrated in the outer region of the droplets.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
17 words
Process according to claim 1, wherein step (c) is carried out in a non-dissolving shock cooling medium.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
11 words
Process according to claim 2, wherein the medium comprises a liquid.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
10 words
Process according to claim 2, wherein the medium is gas.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
12 words
Process according to claim 1, wherein said waxes are essentially hydrocarbon waxes.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
12 words
Process according to claim 5, wherein said waxes are predominantly paraffin waxes.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
15 words
Process according to claim 5, wherein the waxes are predominantly waxes produced by Fischer-Tropsch synthesis.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
19 words
Process according to claim 5, wherein the low melting point, soft wax is an oxygenated hydrocarbon wax or petrolatum.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
37 words
Process according to claim 1, wherein said melt is prepared from said low melting point, soft wax and said another wax having a melting point at least 30° C. higher than the low melting point, soft wax.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
35 words
Process according to claim 1, wherein the congealing temperature of the low melting soft wax is from 30° C. upwards and the other wax has a congealing point at least as high as 80° C.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
29 words
Process according to claim 1, wherein said another wax is a hard wax having a penetration of at the most 10, measured at 25° C., 10 - 1 mm.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
38 words
Process according to claim 11, wherein the hard wax component has a penetration of at the most 5 and the soft wax has a penetration from about 80 upwards, both measured at 25° C 10 - 1 mm.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
26 words
Process according to claim 1, wherein the ratio of the low melting point, soft wax to said another wax is between 80:20 and 20:80 by weight.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
19 words
Process according to claim 13, wherein said ratio is between 70 to 30 and 30 to 70 by weight.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
49 words
Process according to claim 1 applied to blends having congealing temperature from 80° C. upwards and which, when cast into blocks and then tested, exhibit a penetration at 25° C., 10 - 1 mm of at least 10 and which if then milled into a powder is non-free flowing.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
86 words
Process according to claim 15 carried out with a blend having a congealing point between 80° and 95° C., wherein the ratio of the low melting point, soft wax to said another wax is between 70:30 and 30:70 by weight, the soft component having a penetration of 25° C., 10 - 1 mm in excess of 90 and a congealing point of above 20 and below 80° C. and wherein the droplets are produced in a particle size range of between 3 micrometers and 3 millimeters.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
91 words
Process according to claim 15 carried out with a blend having a congealing point between 80° and 95° C, wherein the ratio of the low melting point soft wax to said another wax is betwen 70:30 by weight, the soft component having a penetration at 25° C, 10 - 1 mm in excess of 90 and a congealing point of above 20° and below 80° C and wherein the droplets are produced in a particle size range comprising between 90 and 100% by weight particles between 150 micrometers and 3 millimeters.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
22 words
The process defined in claim 1, wherein the melt is converted into droplets having a diameter between about 0.05 and 3 mm.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
25 words
Process according to claim 4 wherein between 90 and 100% by weight of the droplets produced are between 200 micron and 2 mm in diameter.
Claim 21
Dependent Claim
23 words
Process according to claim 19 wherein more than half by weight of the droplet produced has diameters between 300 micron and 1.5 mm.
Claim 22
Dependent Claim
28 words
Process according to claim 4 wherein the solidified droplets are subjected to screening, a powder being recovered composed of particles essentially all between 0.1 and 2mm in diameter.
Claim 23
Dependent Claim
20 words
Process according to claim 18, wherein between 90 and 100% by weight of said droplets are larger than 100 microns.
Claim 24
Dependent Claim
15 words
Free flowing particulate wax compositions whenever produced by a process as claimed in claim 1.
Claim 25
Dependent Claim
150 words
A hydrocarbon wax powder which is free flowing 25° C. composed of solidified droplets of a blend essentially consisting of a. between 20% and 80% by weight of wax having a congealing point between 20 and 80° C. and a penetration greater than 90, measured at 25° C., 10 - 1 mm; and b. between 80% and 20% by weight of wax having a congealing point from 80° C. upwards and a penetration, measured at 25° C., 10 - 1 mm of at the most 5, the overall composition of each entire solidified droplet being substantially identical to that of the blend, the Components (a) and (b) in the soidified droplet being heterogeneously redistributed so that each solidified droplet consists of a hard outer shell, wherein component (a) is enriched relative to said overall composition and a softer core in which component (b) is enriched relative to said overall composition.
Claim 26
Dependent Claim
150 words
A hydrocarbon wax powder which is free flowing 25° C. composed of solidified droplets of a blend essentially consisting of a. between 20% and 80% by weight of wax having a congealing point between 20 and 80° C. and a penetration greater than 90, measured at 25° C., 10 - 1 mm; and b. between 80% and 20% by weight of wax having a congealing point from 80° C. upwards and a penetration, measured at 25° C., 10 - 1 mm of at the most 5, the overall composition of each entire solidified droplet being substantially identical to that of the blend, the Components (a) and (b) in the soidified droplet being heterogeneously redistributed so that each solidified droplet consists of a hard outer shell, wherein component (a) is enriched relative to said overall composition and a softer core in which component (b) is enriched relative to said overall composition.
Claim 27
Dependent Claim
52 words
The hydrocarbon wax powder defined in claim 24, wherein said powder is further defined as free flowing at 25° C., composed of solidified droplets of a blend of soft and harder waxes and which on melting, casting into blocks and milling, in the absence of chemical changes, loses its free flowing properties.
Claim 28
Dependent Claim
70 words
A hydrocarbon wax according to claim 24 composed of wax particles having a predominantly hard, non-tacky outer zone and a relatively softer or more tacky core, essentially all particles being between 0,1 and 2 mm in diameter of which between 80 and 100% by weight are between 0,2 and 1 mm in diameter, not less than 60% by weight of the latter being between 0,3 and 0,85 mm in diameter.
Claim 29
Dependent Claim
33 words
In the well-known process for manufacturing chip board using wax blends, the improvement comprising the step of incorporating the hydrocarbon wax powder defined in claim 25 as a component of said wax blends.
Claim 30
Dependent Claim
34 words
In the well-known process for manufacturing injection moulded candles from wax blends, the improvement comprising the step of incorporating the hydrocarbon wax powder defined in claim 25 as a component of said wax blends.
Claim 31
Dependent Claim
45 words
A hydrocarbon wax powder as defined in claim 24, wherein the said soft wax component defined as component (b), comprises petrolatum, and the hard wax is concentrated in a hard outer shell of the particles whilst the petrolatum forms a soft core of the particles.
Claim 32
Dependent Claim
27 words
A process for manufacturing plastic comprising the step of mixing the hydrocarbon wax powder defined in clain 25 into the plastic component mix as an internal/external lubricant.
Claim 33
Dependent Claim
27 words
A process for manufacturing plastic comprising the step of mixing the hydrocarbon wax powder defined in clain 25 into the plastic component mix as an internal/external lubricant.
References Cited (Backward Citations)
USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1980-01-11 | 1980-07-12 | 1981-01-11 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1984-01-11 | 1984-07-12 | 1985-01-11 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1988-01-11 | 1988-07-12 | 1989-01-11 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |