US3995012A
Expired / Lapsed
US
⏱️ 0.0 years remaining
Process of producing hydrogen and oxygen from H2 O in a thermochemical cycle
Assignee: Forschungszentrum Jülich
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Filing: 1974-12-30
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Granted: 1976-11-30
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Expires: 1994-12-30
Abstract
Abstract A method of producing hydrogen and oxygen by splitting water in a thermocical cycle, according to which in a first method stage a gas mixture of from 1 to 50 parts by volume of steam and 2 parts by volume of sulfur dioxide is reacted at a temperature within the temperature range of from 200° to 400° C with an oxide of one of the metals manganese, iron, cobalt, nickel, zinc or cadmium for forming a metal sulfate and for freeing hydrogen gas. Thereupon the hydrogen gas is in a manner known per se separated from the residual gas mixture and in a second method stage after conversion of the metal oxide to a metal sulfate, the metal sulfate for purposes of decomposition or disintegration and for forming a metal oxide, sulfur dioxide gas and oxygen gas, is heated to a temperature within the temperature range of from 700° to 1000° C. Thereupon the oxygen gas is separated from the sulfur dioxide gas in a manner known per se.
Inventors
- 👤 Heiko Barnert
- 👤 Rudolf Schulten
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-11-03 13:06
CPC Classifications
C; C01; C01B; C01B13/00; C01B13/02; C01B13/0203; C01B13/0207; C01B3/00; C01B3/02; C01B3/06; C01B3/061; C01B3/063; C01B3/08; C01B3/10; Y; Y02; Y02E; Y02E60/00; Y02E60/30; Y02E60/36
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 17
Claim 1
Independent Claim
174 words
A method of producing hydrogen and oxygen from water in a thermochemical cycle, which includes in combination the steps of: in a first method stage reacting a gas mixture of from 1 to 50 parts by volume of steam and 2 parts by volume of sulfur dioxide at a temperature within the temperature range of from 200° to 400° C with an oxide respectively of one of the metals selected from the group consisting of manganese, iron, cobalt, nickel, zinc, and cadmium for forming a metal sulfate and for freeing hydrogen, separating hydrogen from the residual gas mixture, in a second method stage after conversion of the metal oxide to a metal sulfate heating said metal sulfate for purposes of decomposition and for forming a metal oxide and sulfur dioxide gas and oxygen gas to a temperature within the temperature range of from 700° to 1000° C, subsequently separating said oxygen gas from said sulfur dioxide gas and returning said sulfur dioxide to said first stage for reaction with steam and the metal oxide.
Claim 2
Independent Claim
174 words
A method of producing hydrogen and oxygen from water in a thermochemical cycle, which includes in combination the steps of: in a first method stage reacting a gas mixture of from 1 to 50 parts by volume of steam and 2 parts by volume of sulfur dioxide at a temperature within the temperature range of from 200° to 400° C with an oxide respectively of one of the metals selected from the group consisting of manganese, iron, cobalt, nickel, zinc, and cadmium for forming a metal sulfate and for freeing hydrogen, separating hydrogen from the residual gas mixture, in a second method stage after conversion of the metal oxide to a metal sulfate heating said metal sulfate for purposes of decomposition and for forming a metal oxide and sulfur dioxide gas and oxygen gas to a temperature within the temperature range of from 700° to 1000° C, subsequently separating said oxygen gas from said sulfur dioxide gas and returning said sulfur dioxide to said first stage for reaction with steam and the metal oxide.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
28 words
A method in combination according to claim 1, in which said gas mixture contains 5 parts by volume of steam and 2 parts by volume of sulfur dioxide.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
33 words
A method in combination according to claim 1, in which said gas mixture is reacted with an oxide of manganese at a temperature within the temperature range of from 300° to 400° C.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
43 words
A method in combination according to claim 1, in which said gas mixture is reacted with an oxide of a metal selected from the group consisting of cobalt and cadmium at a temperature within the temperature range of from 250° to 350° C.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
44 words
A method in combination according to claim 1, in which said gas mixture is reacted with an oxide of a metal selected from the group consisting of iron, nickel, and zinc at a temperature within the temperature range of from 200° to 300° C.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
56 words
A method in combination according to claim 1, which includes the steps of: reacting said gas mixture with an oxide of manganese, transforming the thus obtained product to manganese sulfate, and subsequently heating said manganese sulfate at a temperature within the temperature range of from 900° to 1000° C for purposes of decomposing said manganese sulfate.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
56 words
A method in combination according to claim 1, which includes the steps of: reacting said gas mixture with an oxide of cobalt, transforming the thus obtained product to cobalt sulfate, and subsequently heating said cobalt sulfate at a temperature within the temperature range of from 800° to 900° C for purposes of decomposing said cobalt sulfate.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
56 words
A method in combination according to claim 1, which includes the steps of: reacting said gas mixture with an oxide of cadmium, transforming the thus obtained product to cadmium sulfate, and subsequently heating said cadmium sulfate at a temperature within the temperature range of from 900° to 1000° C for purpose of decomposing said cadmium sulfate.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
55 words
A method in combination according to claim 1, which includes the steps of: reacting said gas mixture with an oxide of zinc, transforming the thus obtained product to zinc sulfate, and subsequently heating said zinc sulfate at a temperature within the temperature range of from 900° to 1000° for purposes of decomposing said zinc sulfate.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
56 words
A method in combination according to claim 1, which includes the steps of: reacting said gas mixture with an oxide of nickel, transforming the thus obtained product to nickel sulfate, and subsequently heating said nickel sulfate at a temperature within the temperature range of from 800° to 900° C for purposes of decomposing said nickel sulfate.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
56 words
A method in combination according to claim 1, which includes the steps of: reacting said gas mixture with an oxide of iron, transforming the thus obtained product to iron sulfate, and subsequently heating said iron sulfate at a temperature within the temperature range of from 700° to 800° C for purposes of decomposing said iron sulfate.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
103 words
A method in combination according to claim 1, in which for purposes of decomposing said metal sulfate is heated to a temperature in the upper range of said temperature range in said second method stage whereupon subsequently to the decomposition of said metal sulfate the metal oxide formed by said decomposition and having a lower oxygen content than the metal oxide reacted with said gas mixture is reacted with oxygen so as to convert the metal oxide obtained by said last mentioned decomposition to a metal oxide having substantially the same oxygen content as the metal oxide which reacted with said gas mixture.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
26 words
A method in combination according to claim 1, in which said metal oxide is brought into reaction with said gas mixture in a highly dispersed form.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
36 words
A method in combination according to claim 1, in which said metal oxide is applied as a thin layer onto a highly porous fixed carrier material and in this form is reacted with said gas mixture.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
16 words
A method in combination according to claim 14, in which said carrier material is silicon dioxide.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
19 words
A method in combination according to claim 14, in which said carrier material is a material containing silicon dioxide.
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USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1979-11-30 | 1980-05-31 | 1980-11-30 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1983-11-30 | 1984-05-31 | 1984-11-30 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1987-11-30 | 1988-05-31 | 1988-11-30 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |