US3993558A — Method of separation of fission and corrosion pro…

Claim 1

Independent Claim 182 words

Method of separation of fission and corrosion products as well as corresponding isotopes from liquid waste by using therefor biosorbents having chelate-forming and active exchange groups, comprising the steps of contacting the liquid waste with a biosorbent to form a precipitate inside the pores and on the surface of the biosorbent, the biosorbent being then activated by an at least two-stage regeneration, in the first stage the biosorbent being regenerated by being eluted with solutions of compounds selected from the group consisting of ferric chloride, aluminum nitrate, copper sulphate, calcium chloride and manganese sulphate having a concentration of from 0.1M to saturation so that the cationic component thereof is recaptured onto the biosorbent, and in the second stage the biosorbent being regenerated by eluting with a solution of compounds selected from the group consisting of sodium hydroxide, potassium ferrocyanide, sodium carbonate and potassium permanganate having a concentration of from 0.1 M to saturation, the anionic component of which is capable of reacting with the recaptured cation thereby giving rise to a precipitate inside the pores and on the surface of the biosorbent.

Claim 2

Dependent Claim 182 words

Method of separation of fission and corrosion products as well as corresponding isotopes from liquid waste by using therefor biosorbents having chelate-forming and active exchange groups, comprising the steps of contacting the liquid waste with a biosorbent to form a precipitate inside the pores and on the surface of the biosorbent, the biosorbent being then activated by an at least two-stage regeneration, in the first stage the biosorbent being regenerated by being eluted with solutions of compounds selected from the group consisting of ferric chloride, aluminum nitrate, copper sulphate, calcium chloride and manganese sulphate having a concentration of from 0.1M to saturation so that the cationic component thereof is recaptured onto the biosorbent, and in the second stage the biosorbent being regenerated by eluting with a solution of compounds selected from the group consisting of sodium hydroxide, potassium ferrocyanide, sodium carbonate and potassium permanganate having a concentration of from 0.1 M to saturation, the anionic component of which is capable of reacting with the recaptured cation thereby giving rise to a precipitate inside the pores and on the surface of the biosorbent.

Claim 3

Dependent Claim 45 words

Method as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the first stage of said regeneration the biosorbent is treated by one of the regeneration solutions FeCl 3 and Al NO 3 , and in the second stage of regeneration is treated by a solution of NaOH.

Claim 4

Dependent Claim 35 words

Method as claimed in claim 1, wherein said first regeneration stage the biosorbent is treated with an aqueous solution of MnSO.sub. 4, and in the second stage is treated with a solution of KMnO.sub. 4.

Claim 5

Dependent Claim 31 words

Method as claimed in claim 1, comprising treating the biosorbent after the second regeneration stage in an additional third regeneration stage, comprising washing the sorbent with a solution of 0.1M NaOH.

Claim 6

Dependent Claim 40 words

Method as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the first stage of said regeneration to biosorbent is treated with a 0.1M solution of calcium chloride, and in the second regeneration stage is treated with a 0.1N solution of sodium carbide.

Claim 7

Dependent Claim 23 words

Method as in claim 1, comprising burning the contaminated sorbent for storage purposes, thus reducing the volume thereof while maintaining its original activity.

Claim 8

Dependent Claim 181 words

Method of separation of fission and corrosion products as well as corresponding isotopes from liquid waste by using biosorbents having chelate-forming and active exchange groups, comprising the steps of contacting the liquid waste with a biosorbent to form a precipitate inside the pores and on the surface of the biosorbent, the biosorbent being then activated by an at least two-stage regeneration, in the first stage the biosorbent being regenerated by being eluted with solutions of compounds selected from the group consisting of hydrochloric acid, nitric acid, sodium chloride, ammonium nitrate and sodium carbonate having a concentration of from 0.1M to saturation so that the cationic component thereof is recaptured onto the biosorbent, and in the second stage the biosorbent being regenerated by eluting with a solution of compounds selected from the group consisting of sodium hydroxide, potassium ferrocyanide, sodium carbonate and potassium permanganate having a concentration of from 0.1 M to saturation, the anionic component of which is capable of reacting with the recaptured cation thereby giving rise to a precipitate inside the pores and on the surface of the biosorbent.

Claim 9

Dependent Claim 181 words

Method of separation of fission and corrosion products as well as corresponding isotopes from liquid waste by using biosorbents having chelate-forming and active exchange groups, comprising the steps of contacting the liquid waste with a biosorbent to form a precipitate inside the pores and on the surface of the biosorbent, the biosorbent being then activated by an at least two-stage regeneration, in the first stage the biosorbent being regenerated by being eluted with solutions of compounds selected from the group consisting of hydrochloric acid, nitric acid, sodium chloride, ammonium nitrate and sodium carbonate having a concentration of from 0.1M to saturation so that the cationic component thereof is recaptured onto the biosorbent, and in the second stage the biosorbent being regenerated by eluting with a solution of compounds selected from the group consisting of sodium hydroxide, potassium ferrocyanide, sodium carbonate and potassium permanganate having a concentration of from 0.1 M to saturation, the anionic component of which is capable of reacting with the recaptured cation thereby giving rise to a precipitate inside the pores and on the surface of the biosorbent.

Claim 10

Dependent Claim 27 words

Method as claimed in claim 7, wherein the biosorbent in the first stage of regeneration is treated by being eluted with a 0.1N solution of hydrochloric acid.

Claim 11

Dependent Claim 30 words

Method as claimed in claim 7, wherein the biosorbent is treated in the first regenerating stage by being eluted with a solution of 0.1N nitric acid plus 1.M ammonium nitrate.

Claim 12

Dependent Claim 35 words

Method as claimed in claim 7, wherein the biosorbent is treated in the second regenerating stage by being eluted with a 0.1N solution of hydrochloric acid plus 0.1N solution of Na 2 CO 3 .

Claim 13

Dependent Claim 22 words

Method as in claim 7, comprising burning the contaminated sorbent storage purposes, thus reducing the volume thereof while maintaining its original activity.

Annuity Stage	Window Opens	Payment Deadline	Surcharge Period Until	Estimated Fee	Status
3.5 Years (Year 4)	1979-11-23	1980-05-24	1980-11-23	$2000.00	Window Closed / Lapsed
7.5 Years (Year 8)	1983-11-23	1984-05-24	1984-11-23	$3760.00	Window Closed / Lapsed
11.5 Years (Year 12)	1987-11-23	1988-05-24	1988-11-23	$7700.00	Window Closed / Lapsed

Method of separation of fission and corrosion products and of corresponding isotopes from liquid waste

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